Magnolia macrophylla, commonly known as the bigleaf magnolia or large-leaved cucumber tree, is a deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States. It belongs to the Magnoliaceae family and is renowned for its large, showy flowers and enormous leaves, which give it a striking appearance in the landscape.
Bigleaf magnolias are typically smaller in stature compared to Southern magnolias, reaching heights of 10 to 20 meters (33 to 66 feet) tall, with a spread of 6 to 12 meters (20 to 40 feet). However, they are known for their exceptionally large leaves, which can measure up to 60 to 90 centimeters (2 to 3 feet) long and 30 to 45 centimeters (1 to 1.5 feet) wide. The leaves have a distinctively tropical appearance and are dark green with a smooth texture on the upper surface and a silvery-white underside.
The flowers of Magnolia macrophylla are also impressive, although they are typically produced at a younger age and smaller size than other magnolia species. The flowers are cup-shaped, creamy white, and fragrant, with a diameter of 15 to 25 centimeters (6 to 10 inches). They bloom in late spring to early summer and are often followed by cone-like fruit clusters containing bright red seeds.
Bigleaf magnolias prefer moist, well-drained soil and partial shade to full sun. They are typically found growing in rich, wooded slopes and ravines in their native range. While they can be challenging to cultivate outside of their natural habitat, they are prized by enthusiasts for their unique foliage and striking flowers.
In cultivation, Magnolia macrophylla is best suited to temperate climates with mild winters and warm summers. It may require protection from strong winds and late spring frosts, which can damage the emerging foliage and flowers. With proper care, however, bigleaf magnolias can thrive and become a focal point in gardens, parks, and arboretums. Hardy in zones 5-8.

Growing Instructions for the Bigleaf Magnolia

The seeds have a period of dormancy and need to be cold stratified to break their dormancy. The seeds are stored in a refrigerator so they have already been stratified. The seeds need to be planted when received or stored in a refrigerator until they are planted. 1. Scarify the seeds by nicking or sanding the seed coat. 2. Soak the seed in water for several hours. 3. Fill a pot with potting soil. Use a pot that has drainage holes in the base. 4. Sow the seeds on the soil and cover them with a thin layer of soil. 5. Water the container and leave it to drain. 6. Put the pot in a warm, sunny area. 7. Water the pot regularly so that the soil is moist but not wet. 8. The seedlings can be transplanted when they are a few inches tall.