Heterandria formosa
Agassiz 1855
Family Poeciliidae

Lateral view of least killifish
The photo above shows a male, top, and female, bottom, least killifish. These fish are now part of the Florida Museum ichthyology collection, UF 238270. Florida Museum photo by Zachary Randall

The least killifish is a member of the livebearer family. This species has a flattened head, small and strongly upturned mouth, large eye and a black spot surrounded by red located anteriorly on the dorsal fin. The back and side body are are olive with a black to dusky stripe, and there is a series of black bars along the side of the body. Least killifish can be found in vegetated areas of lakes, ponds, sloughs, ditches and swamps, and in backwaters and pools of streams. The least killifish is sometimes found in brackish water.

Status & distribution

  • Status — Native freshwater
  • Florida Distribution — Western and North Central and Peninsula drainages
  • River Drainages — Perdido River, Escambia River, Blackwater River, Yellow River, Choctawhatchee River, Econfina Creek, Apalachicola River, Ochlockonee River, minor Gulf tributaries, Suwannee River, Withlacoochee River, Tampa Bay, the Myakka or Peace River, Lake Okeechobee, Caloosahatchee River, the Everglades, Indian River, the Tolomato or Matanzas River, St. John’s River and the St. Mary’s River
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