Causes of Acute Infectious Diarrhea

Noninflammatory Diarrhea

Viral - Noroviruses, astrovirus, adenovirus, Rotavirus, sapovirus

Protozoal - Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora

Bacterial

  1. Preformed enterotoxin production - Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens

  2. Enterotoxin production - Enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC), Vibrio cholera, Vibrio vulnificus

Inflammatory Diarrhea

Viral - Cytomegalovirus

Protozoal - Entamoeba histolytica

Bacterial

  1. Cytotoxin production Enterohemorrhagic E coli 0157:H5 (EHEC), Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium difficile

  2. Mucosal invasion - Shigella, Campylobacterjejuni, Salmonella, Enteroinvasive E coli (EIEC), Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Yersinia enterocolitica, Chlamydia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Listeria monocytogenes



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