Appearance
The infections by this rust fungus cause large spindle-shaped galls on the points of infection, mostly on the branches and stems of the trees. Trees under 10 years old are usually affected most, but it may also make older trees vulnerable to the point of breaking in heavy storms.Distribution
This fungus has a holeartic distribution, south to Central America and Southeast Asia.References:
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https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16153