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Volume 9, Issue 3

Insights into the genomic evolution and the alkali tolerance mechanisms of by comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses Open Access

Abstract

is a rare wild edible mushroom from northwest China, and grows naturally in mild saline-alkali soil, which is also unusual in mushrooms. represents a potential model organism for explaining saline-alkali tolerance mechanisms and revealing related physiological processes in mushrooms. Here, we provide a high-quality genome of . Comparative genomic analyses reveal has numerous changes to its genome organization after a solitary evolutionary history under saline-alkali environments, such as gene family contraction, retrotransposon expansion and rapid evolution of adaptative genes. Our saline and alkali tolerance tests show that mycelium growth and fruit body formation of this species are effected by mild alkalinity. Transcriptomic analyses reveal that genes involved in carbon and nitrogen utilization, cell stability and fruit body formation of could be activated under mildly alkaline conditions. In particular, the ‘starch and sucrose metabolism’, ‘biosynthesis of amino acids’ and ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ pathways are important for mildly alkaline tolerance of . Like plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in the rot fungus , the biosynthesis of intracellular small molecules could be enhanced to counter osmotic and oxidative stresses caused by mild alkalinity, and the biosynthesis of monolignol could be suppressed to increase cell wall infiltrates under mildly alkaline conditions. This research provides an understanding of the genomic evolution and mechanisms of in tolerance to saline-alkali environments. The genome constitutes a valuable resource for evolutionary and ecological studies of .

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): edible mushroom , metabolic pathways and saline-alkali environment
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Precise Breeding and Directional Development of Important Edible Fungi Germplasm, Henan Province, China (Award 221111110600)
    • Principle Award Recipient: RuilinZhao
  • the Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China (Award 2019HJ2096001006)
    • Principle Award Recipient: RuilinZhao
  • the Beijing Innovative Consortium of Agriculture Research System (Award BAIC05-2019)
    • Principle Award Recipient: RuilinZhao
  • the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Award 31970010, 31961143010)
    • Principle Award Recipient: RuilinZhao
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2023-03-08
2024-05-21
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http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000928
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Insights into the genomic evolution and the alkali tolerance mechanisms of Agaricus sinodeliciosus by comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses
M Gen 9, 000928 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000928
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000928
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000928
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