Santaclaraite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Santaclaraite
Seal of Santa Clara county, California
Formula:
CaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Colour:
Pink to reddish-orange, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6½
Specific Gravity:
3.31
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For the county of Santa Clara, California, where it was first located.
This page provides mineralogical data about Santaclaraite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3524
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3524:4
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
cc412fc6-c2bb-4c3f-81ae-0fc8f5d97d8e
IMA Classification of Santaclaraite
Approved
IMA Formula:
CaMn2+4Si5O14(OH)2 · H2O
Approval year:
1979
Classification of Santaclaraite
9.DK.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
K : Inosilicates with 5-periodic single chains
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
K : Inosilicates with 5-periodic single chains
65.4.2.1
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
4 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=5
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
4 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=5
14.18.16
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Scl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Santaclaraite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Pink to reddish-orange, brown
Streak:
Very pale pink
Hardness:
6½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{100} {010} good
{100} {010} good
Density:
3.31 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.379 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Santaclaraite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.681(2) nβ = 1.696(2) nγ = 1.708(2)
2V:
Measured: 81° (1), Calculated: 82°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.027
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
Calculated
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X= very pale red
Y= pale red
Z= pale reddish brown
Y= pale red
Z= pale reddish brown
Chemistry of Santaclaraite
Mindat Formula:
CaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Ni,Co,Mg,Na
Crystallography of Santaclaraite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.738(2) Å, b = 9.970(1) Å, c = 7.603(1) Å
α = 109.77(1)°, β = 93.95(1)°, γ = 104.97(2)°
α = 109.77(1)°, β = 93.95(1)°, γ = 104.97(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.977 : 1 : 0.763
Unit Cell V:
661.09 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Radiating lamellar aggregates.
Twinning:
On {100}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000807 | Santaclaraite | Ohashi Y, Finger L W (1981) The crystal structure of santaclaraite, CaMn4[Si5O14(OH)](OH)*H2O: The role of hydrogen atoms in the pyroxenoid structure American Mineralogist 66 154-168 |  | 1981 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.04 Å | (100) |
| 3.003 Å | (84) |
| 3.152 Å | (80) |
| 7.69 Å | (63) |
| 3.847 Å | (57) |
| 3.524 Å | (39) |
| 4.797 Å | (38) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Santaclaraite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Manganese mine
Reference:
Erd, R.C., Ohashi, Y. (1984) Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate from California. American Mineralogist: 69: 200-206.
Synonyms of Santaclaraite
Other Language Names for Santaclaraite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DK. | Ferrorhodonite | CaMn3Fe[Si5O15] |
| 9.DK. | Vittinkiite | MnMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
| 9.DK. | Ferri-hellandite-(Ce) | (Ca3Ce)Ce2Fe3+◻2B4Si4O22(OH)2 |
| 9.DK. | Shijiangshanite | Pb3CaAl(Si5O14)(OH)3 · 3H2O |
| 9.DK.05 | Allagite | |
| 9.DK.05 | Babingtonite | Ca2(Fe,Mn)FeSi5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.05 | Lithiomarsturite | LiCaMn3Si5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.05 | Manganbabingtonite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)FeSi5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.05 | Marsturite | NaCaMn3Si5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.05 | Nambulite | LiMn2+4Si5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.05 | Natronambulite | (Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)4Si5O14OH |
| 9.DK.05 | Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
| 9.DK.05 | Scandiobabingtonite | Ca2(Fe2+,Mn)ScSi5O14(OH) |
| 9.DK.15 | Saneroite | NaMn2+5[Si5O14(OH)](VO3)(OH) |
| 9.DK.20 | Hellandite-(Y) | (Ca,REE)4Y2Al◻2(B4Si4O22) (OH)2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Tadzhikite-(Ce) | Ca4Ce3+2Ti◻2(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Hellandite-(Yb) | (Ca,Y)4(Yb,Y)2(Al,Fe3+,Ti4+)(Be,Li)2[B4Si4O22](O,F,OH)2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Mottanaite-(Ce) | Ca4(Ce,REE)Σ2Al(Be1.5◻0.5)Σ2[B4Si4O22]O2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Ciprianiite | Ca4[(Th,U),Ca]Σ2Al(Be0.5◻1.5)Σ2[B4Si4O22](OH)2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Hellandite-(Ce) | (Ca,REE)4Ce2Al◻2(B4Si4O22) (OH)2 |
| 9.DK.20 | Ferri-mottanaite-(Ce) | Ca4Ce2Fe3+(Be1.5◻0.5)[Si4B4O22]O2 |
Fluorescence of Santaclaraite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Santaclaraite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3524.html
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References for Santaclaraite
Localities for Santaclaraite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
USA (TL) | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414 +4 other references |
| Am Min 69:200-206 |
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Pennsylvania Mine, Sugarloaf Mountain, Black Wonder Mining District, Santa Clara County, California, USA