Tondiite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Tondiite
Matteo Tondi
Formula:
Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2
Colour:
Emerald green to bright green
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
3.503 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Tondiite is named in honour of Matteo Tondi (Dec 21, 1762- Nov. 16, 1835), eminent Italian mineralogist and collaborator of Rene J. Hauy in writing the classic Traité de Mineralogie.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
45964
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:45964:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f1d5bc25-7bcd-411e-85fd-4b589166dfc8
IMA Classification of Tondiite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Cu3MgCl2(OH)6
Approval year:
2013
First published:
2014
Classification of Tondiite
3.DA.10c
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ton | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Tondiite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Emerald green to bright green
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Density:
3.503 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Tondiite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.749(6) nε = 1.766(7)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.017
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Green to faintly green.
Chemistry of Tondiite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2
Crystallography of Tondiite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
R3m
Setting:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.8377(7) Å, c = 14.088(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.06
Unit Cell V:
570.43 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
R3¯ m
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.459 Å | (88) |
| 3.419 Å | (22) |
| 2.898 Å | (15) |
| 2.764 Å | (100) |
| 2.266 Å | (54) |
| 1.820 Å | (19) |
| 1.709 Å | (26) |
| 1.382 Å | (13) |
Comments:
From Type Description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Geological Setting:
supergene alteration product oxidation product of chalcocite, bornite and chalcopyrite in an environment rich in Cl
Type Occurrence of Tondiite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Millimeter-sized vesicles in the volcanic rock.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Real Museo Mineralogico di Napoli (Italy) Universita di Napoli, Napoli, Italy, catalogue number 1178R. This cotype material is preserved in the collection of the Mineralogical Museum, University of Hamburg, Germany, number MD480.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Supergene mineral in a phonolitic tephrite. 1906 erupted lavas.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Malcherek, T., Bindi, L., Dini, M., Ghiara, M. R., Molina Donoso, A., Nestola, F., Rossi, M., Schlüter, J. (2014) Tondiite, Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2, the Mg-analogue of herbertsmithite. Mineralogical Magazine: 78: 583-590.
Synonyms of Tondiite
Relationship of Tondiite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| Botallackite | Cu2(OH)3Cl | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl | Mon. 2/m |
| Gillardite | Cu3Ni(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
| Haydeeite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
| Hibbingite | Fe2+2(OH)3Cl | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| Iyoite | MnCuCl(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Kapellasite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Kempite | Mn2+2(OH)3Cl | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| Leverettite | Cu3Co(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Misakiite | Cu3Mn(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
| Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Paratacamite-(Mg) | Cu3(Mg,Cu)(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Paratacamite-(Ni) | Cu3(Ni,Cu)(OH)6Cl2 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Unnamed (Cu-Zn Chloride Hydroxide) | CuZnCl(OH)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Tondiite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Tondiite associated with Cadwaladerite | Al5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.DA. | Centennialite | CaCu3Cl2(OH)6 · nH2O (n ~ 0.7) |
| 3.DA. | Muonionalustaite | Ni3(OH)4Cl2 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA. | Parahibbingite | Fe2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA. | Bounahasite | Cu+Cu2+2(OH)3Cl2 |
| 3.DA.05 | Melanothallite | Cu2Cl2O |
| 3.DA.10a | Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10b | Botallackite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10b | Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10a | Hibbingite | Fe2+2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10a | Kempite | Mn2+2(OH)3Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Kuliginite | Fe3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10b | Belloite | Cu(OH)Cl |
| 3.DA.10c | Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Kapellasite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Gillardite | Cu3Ni(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Haydeeite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Leverettite | Cu3Co(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Paratacamite-(Ni) | Cu3(Ni,Cu)(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10c | Misakiite | Cu3Mn(OH)6Cl2 |
| 3.DA.10b | Iyoite | MnCuCl(OH)3 |
| 3.DA.10b | Unnamed (Cu-Zn Chloride Hydroxide) | CuZnCl(OH)3 |
| 3.DA.15 | Claringbullite | Cu4ClF(OH)6 |
| 3.DA.15 | Barlowite | Cu4BrF(OH)6 |
| 3.DA.20 | Simonkolleite | Zn5Cl2(OH)8 · H2O |
| 3.DA.25 | Buttgenbachite | Cu19(NO3)2(OH)32Cl4 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.25 | Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| 3.DA.30 | Abhurite | Sn21Cl16(OH)14O6 |
| 3.DA.35 | Ponomarevite | K4Cu4Cl10O |
| 3.DA.40 | Anthonyite | Cu(OH,Cl)2 · 3H2O |
| 3.DA.40 | Calumetite | CaCu4(OH)8Cl2 · 3.5H2O |
| 3.DA.45 | Khaidarkanite | Cu4Al3(OH)14F3 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.50 | Bobkingite | Cu5Cl2(OH)8 · 2H2O |
| 3.DA.55 | Avdoninite | K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O |
| 3.DA.60 | Droninoite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA.70 | Chrysothallite | K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O |
| 3.DA.70 | Dioskouriite | CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 3.DA.75 | Feodosiyite | Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O |
| 3.DA.80 | Romanorlovite | K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Tondiite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-45964.html
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References for Tondiite
Localities for Tondiite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Maurizio Dini (sample analysed by Tony Kampf, senior curator of NHM of LAC, California) |
| Malcherek et al. (2014) |
Italy (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
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Santo Domingo mine, Caleta Vítor mining district, Arica Province, Arica y Parinacota, Chile