Hybrid Crack-willow - Salix x fragilis

Alternative names
Crack-willow, Salix fragilis, Salix x rubens and Salix alba x euxina = S. x fragilis
Description

A robust tree, usually reaching 10 to15 metres high, its bark greyish and deeply fissured. Twigs soon glabrous and rather lustrous olive brown, brittle at the point of attachment to the branch. Mature leaves are lanceolate, 9 to 15 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm wide, dark shining green above, greyish beneath, margins coarsely and unevenly serrate. Catkins appear with the leaves, terminal on short leafy shoots. Male catkins cylindrical 4 to 6 cm long and 1 to 1.3 cm wide, rather dense flowered, yellow. The female catkins are green. Seeds wind blow, surrounded by a tuft of woolly hairs.

Identification difficulty
Habitat

Damp places, water margins and the edges of marsh areas.

When to see it

Catkins April and May.

Life History

Deciduous.

UK Status

Common in most of Britain as far North as Southern Scotland.

VC55 Status

Common in Leicestershire and Rutland. In the 1979 Flora survey of Leicestershire it was found in 536 of the 617 tetrads.

Leicestershire & Rutland Map

MAP KEY:

Yellow squares = NBN records (all known data)
Coloured circles = NatureSpot records: 2020+ | 2015-2019 | pre-2015

UK Map

Species profile

Common names
Crack-willow, Fork-flowered Willow, Hybrid Crack-willow
Species group:
Trees, Shrubs & Climbers
Kingdom:
Plantae
Order:
Malpighiales
Family:
Salicaceae
Records on NatureSpot:
154
First record:
01/01/1979 (Patricia Evans)
Last record:
24/08/2023 (O'Brien, Helen)

Total records by month

% of records within its species group

10km squares with records

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Photo of the association

Isochnus sequensi

The larvae of this small (2-2.5mm) black weevil feed on willow leaves, forming brown blotch mines. There are two Ischnus species that create identical mines so the larvae need to be reared to adults to know which species.