Marine Annelida (Excluding Clitellates and Siboglinids) From The South China Sea

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Marine Annelida (excluding clitellates and siboglinids) from the South China
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Glasby et al.: Marine Annelida from the South China Sea
RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY Supplement No. 34: 178–234

Date of publication: 29 June 2016
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:21B8D064-67AB-487F-A63D-4AFAC7C01FC5
Marine Annelida (excluding clitellates and siboglinids) from the South

China Sea
Christopher J. Glasby1*, Yen-Ling Lee2 & Pan-Wen Hsueh3
Abstract. An annotated checklist of 1257 species (73 families) of Annelida from the South China Sea (SCS) is
presented, including 289 species originally described from the region. The remaining extralimital records (968) are
likely to represent a mixture of species complexes, misidentifications or truly widespread species, and therefore
should be targets for future taxonomic study. The occurrence of each species within each of seven subregions is
reported, with the majority (72%) of species only occurring in a single region. The annelid diversity of Singapore
is estimated to be 121 species and 37 families. Families showing the highest levels of diversity in the SCS are the
Nereididae (134 species), Syllidae (100), Polynoidae (76), Serpulidae (72), Spionidae (60), and Eunicidae (59). By
comparison, both Nereididae and Syllidae are found to be more diverse in the SCS than the Australia region. For
the Nereididae, this is likely to be the result of this group’s capacity to tolerate low salinities, which would give
its members a selective advantage over other annelids in a region that experiences high freshwater input (river
flow and precipitation). In the case of Syllidae, it may be the result of taxonomic bias. The SCS region is home
to 19 species that are utilised directly by humans, either as bait, food for penaeid aquaculture or, in few cases,
human consumption.
Key words. Polychaeta, Sipuncula, Echiura, Myzostomida, checklist, distribution, diversity
INTRODUCTION relevant experts. This will enable a more complete analysis

of comparative biodiversity in the future.
This study was initiated as a result of the workshop
‘Workshop on Marine Ecosystems and Biodiversity of the The South China Sea is the largest semi-enclosed sea in the
South China Sea, National University of Singapore’ held in western tropical Pacific Ocean. A deep central basin (>5000
August 2012, which aimed to update the knowledge of the m) is bordered by two broad continental shelves shallower
marine biodiversity in the South China Sea (SCS). While than 200 m, in the northwest and southwest (Sunda Shelf).
initially focused on polychaetes of the region, the study Other notable hydrodynamic features are the high freshwater
was broadened to include all Annelida, the least inclusive, input from major river systems in China and Vietnam, heavy
putatively monophyletic group including the polychaetes. The monsoonal rainfall, and a net throughflow from the Pacific
Annelida includes also the clitellates, siboglinids, sipunculans, to the Indian Ocean (Fang et al., 2009). The area includes
echiurans and myzostomids (Struck et al., 2011; Weigert et many shoals such as the Macclesfield Bank (= Zhongsha
al., 2014). Documenting the biodiversity of a monophyletic Islands), oceanic islands, for example Spratly (= Nansha)
taxon across an area of endemism such as the SCS allows Islands and The Paracel (= Xisha) Islands, and continental
for a meaningful comparison of biodiversity with other islands including Natuna and Anambas in the south SCS.
regions and contributes to future biogeographic studies. The wide range of habitats for annelids include deep-sea
In this study, we include all marine Annelida excluding and shelf sediments, coastal zones such as mangrove forests,
the clitellates (oligochaetes and leeches) and siboglinids seagrass beds, coral reefs, as well as the brackish waters of
(pogonophorans and vestimentiferans), two groups likely adjacent lakes and lagoons.
to be less well-represented in the SCS; it is intended that
these groups will be added in a subsequent study involving Previous checklists of the region include those of Paxton &
Chou (2000) and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014). The present
checklist differs considerably from these previous ones
in both taxonomic and geographic scope. Paxton & Chou
Museum and Art Gallery Northern Territory, PO Box 4646, Darwin, NT, Australia;
1
(2000) and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014) both had a broader
E-mail: chris.glasby@nt.gov.au (*corresponding author) geographic scope: the former included the entire Taiwan and
Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, S2S, 18 Kent
2 Philippines marine regions, and the latter included a broadly
Ridge Road, Singapore 119227; Email: tmsleeyl@nus.edu.sg heterogeneous region comprising the East China Sea, SCS
Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd.,
3
(including Gulf of Thailand), Philippines and Sulu Sea, the
Taichung, Taiwan 402, R.O.C.; Email: pwhsueh@dragon.nchu.edu.tw
seas of Indonesia (Java, Banda and Celebes Seas), and the
© National University of Singapore western Pacific regions of southern islands of Japan and part
ISSN 2345-7600 (electronic) | ISSN 0217-2445 (print) of Micronesia. The regional limits chosen by both Paxton &
178
RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2016
Chou (2000) and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014) reflected the

aims of their studies ― respectively, a geopolitical checklist
and a baseline for future taxonomic studies ― and so do
not represent homogeneous biogeographic entities under
any current biogeographic schema. In terms of taxonomic
scope, the previous studies considered polychaetes in a
much narrower sense, with both excluding the sipunculans
and echiurans, and Paxton & Chou (2000) excluding also
the siboglinids and myzostomids. Importantly, the study of
Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014) listed only the species originally
described from the region, whereas the present study includes
both originally described species and also species occurring
in the region but originally described from elsewhere (=
extralimital species). Although the study of Paxton & Chou
(2000) includes all species reported from the region, they
overlooked many species records including those reported
by the Challenger (1875) and the U.S. Fisheries steamer
Albatross, 1907–1910, which were described in subsequent
years (McIntosh, 1885; Hoagland, 1920; Treadwell, 1920,
1926, 1931). Considering the different scopes of previous
and the present study and the omissions, comparison between
them is not possible.
Fig. 1. Seven geographic subregions within the South China Sea
The goal of the present study is to document the annelid (SCS), after Lane et al. (2000). 1 = Gulf of Thailand; 2 = Vietnam
taxa and their distributions in the SCS, by updating existing and west of Hainan Island; 3 = Luzon, Palawan, and adjacent
waters off Philippines; 4 = North of Borneo, off Malaysia; 5 =
inventories and adding taxa missed by Paxton & Chou (2000)
Bangka Straits, east of Sumatra, west of Borneo, east of peninsula
and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014). By focussing on both a Malaysia, Singapore, Natuna Islands; 6 = South China, including
monophyletic taxonomic group and a monophyletic area Hong Kong, southern Taiwan, Paracel Islands; 7 = Spratly Islands.
(i.e., an area of endemism), we are able to make some initial
comparisons between the diversity of Annelida (and various
families) in the SCS, and other large areas of endemism (= were excluded (for example, the entries from Taiwan in
Large Marine Ecosystems; LMEs). The present checklist Paxton & Chou (2000), with Hsieh as pers. comm.). Species
contains all published records in the systematic literature identifications have not been verified; those originally
of annelid taxa (excluding clitellates and siboglinids) described from Arctic, Boreal or Subantartic regions were
occurring in the SCS, plus an unpublished list of species assumed to be misidentifications.
level identifications reported at the International Polychaete
Conference, Sydney, August 2013, collected during the recent In addition to the basic goal of documenting annelid
Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey of Singapore biodiversity of the region, we also flag species utilised by
(December 2010 – April 2015). humans for purposes such as bait for fishing and aquaculture
food. People in the countries bordering the SCS are probably
MATERIAL AND METHODS the most enthusiastic users of annelid resources of any
region on Earth.
Taxonomic scope. The primary taxonomic units in the study
are valid species as indicated in the World Register of Marine Geographic scope. The external boundaries of the SCS and
Species WoRMS (http://www.marinespecies.org/; accessed subregions follow those established by Lane et al. (2000) for
November–December 2015). Current generic and familial echinoderms (Fig. 1). The external boundaries encompass
assignments also follow WoRMS. In keeping with current two LMEs identified by the National Oceanographic and
trends in polychaete taxonomy, subspecies and varieties are Atmospheric Administration, ‘South China Sea’ and the
elevated to species level and subgenera are elevated to full ‘Gulf of Thailand’ (http://www.lme.noaa.gov/). The SCS
genus level (sipunculans and echiurans are the exceptions). extends from the Tropic of Cancer in the north to about
Where relevant, the original binomen/trinomen is provided 3°S in the south, i.e., including Bangka Belitung Islands
under Taxonomic Remarks (Table 1) for historical continuity. (Fig. 1). The southern limit of the SCS, which is perhaps
In addition to valid species, morphospecies identified in the most debated of all the boundaries, corresponds also to
taxonomic studies are also included; in these cases the that used by the International Hydrographic Organization.
author and year is used in the species name to identify
unequivocally the taxon. Within the SCS we use the seven subregions identified by
Lane et al. (2000) (Fig. 1), which were based on proximity
Taxonomic names listed in ecological papers were excluded, from coast; they provide for a preliminary means of area
as in general they are not verifiable by a voucher specimen. comparison rather than a strict biogeographic analysis.
Also, identifications based on personal communications Subregion scoring was by presence-only, that is absence of
179
Table 1. Annelid species of the South China Sea listed alphabetically under each family. Species in bold were originally
described from the South China Sea. Species annotated with * indicates species occurring in Singapore.
Presence by
Family Genus (Subgenus) Species Species Authority Taxonomic Remarks
Subregions
Aberantidae Aberranta sulcata Mackie, Pleijel & as Aberranta sp. 6

Rouse, 2005 (Mackie et al., 1993)
Acoetidae Acoetes cf. grubei (Kinberg, 1856) 2
Acoetidae Acoetes flagelliformis (Wesenberg-Lund, 2
1949)
Acoetidae Acoetes jogasimae Izuka, 1912 as Panthalis jogasimae 6
Izuka, 1912
Acoetidae Acoetes melanonota (Grube, 1876) as Polyodontes 236

melanotus (Grube,
1876); synonym
Polyodontes gracilis
Pflugfelder, 1932
Acoetidae Euarche maculosa (Treadwell, 1931) as Eupanthalis 6
maculosa (Treadwell,
1931)
Acoetidae Eupanthalis edriophthalma (Potts, 1910) 2
Acoetidae Eupanthalis kinbergi McIntosh, 1876 2
Acoetidae Eupanthalis lepidus (Shen & Wu, 1993) 7
Acoetidae Neopanthalis muricata Shen & Wu (1993) as N. muricatus Shen & 7
Wu, 1993 in Wu et al.
(1997)
Acoetidae Neopanthalis pelamida Strelzov, 1968 2
Acoetidae Neopolyodontes lepidus Shen & Wu (1993) 6
Acoetidae Panthalis oerstedi Kinberg, 1856 2
Acoetidae Polyodontes atromarginatus Horst, 1917 2
Acoetidae Polyodontes maxillosus (Ranzani, 1817) 26
Acoetidae Zachsiella nigromaculata (Grube, 1878) Zachsiella striata 236
Buzhinskaja, 1982
Alciopidae Alciopa reynaudii Audoine & Milne as Greefia celox 2
Edwards, 1833 (Greeff, 1876) in
Fauvel (1939)
Alciopidae Alciopina albomaculata (Levinsen, 1885) as Corynocephalus 2
albo-maculatus
Levinsen, 1885 (Fauvel,
1939)
Alciopidae Alciopina parassitica Claparède & 6
Panceri, 1867
Alciopidae Krohnia lepidota (Krohn, 1845) 6
Alciopidae Naiades cantrainii* Delle Chiaje, 1830 as Alciopa cantrainii 256
in Fauvel (1936, 1939)
Alciopidae Plotohelmis alata Chamberlin, 1919 6
Alciopidae Plotohelmis capitata (Greeff, 1876) 56
Alciopidae Rhynchonereella angelina (Kinberg, 1866) 26
Alciopidae Rhynchonereella fulgens Greeff, 1885 2
180
Presence by
Subregions
Alciopidae Rhynchonereella gracilis Costa, 1864 6

Alciopidae Rhynchonereella moebii (Apstein, 1893) 5
Alciopidae Rhynchonereella petersii (Langerhans, 1880) 6
Alciopidae Rhynchonereella xishaensis Shen, 1978 6
Alciopidae Torrea candida (Delle Chiaje, 1841) as Asterope candida 27
(Delle Chiaje, 1841) in
Fauvel (1939)
Alciopidae Vanadis crystallina Greeff, 1876 as Vanadis augeneri 26
Benham, 1929 in
Fauvel (1936)
Alciopidae Vanadis formosa Claparède, 1870 Vanadis fuscapunctata 6
Treadwell, 1906
Alciopidae Vanadis longissima (Levinsen, 1885) 7
Alciopidae Vanadis minuta Treadwell, 1906 56
Ampharetidae Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) probable 6
misidentification
Ampharetidae Ampharete arctica Malmgren, 1866 probable 6
misidentification
Ampharetidae Ampharete cf. macrobranchia Caullery, 1944 2
Ampharetidae Ampharete sp. Nakao et al., 5
1989
Ampharetidae Amphicteis gunneri (Sars, 1835) probable 26
misidentification
Ampharetidae Amphicteis scaphrobranchiata Moore, 1906 probable 6
misidentification
Ampharetidae Anobothrus cf. gracilis Malmgren, 1866 6
Ampharetidae Anobothrus sp. Muir & 6
Bamber, 2008
Ampharetidae Auchenoplax crinita Ehlers, 1887 25
Ampharetidae Eclysippe sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Ampharetidae Isolda sibogae Caullery, 1944 2
Ampharetidae Lysippe labiata Malmgren, 1866 probable 6
misidentification
Ampharetidae Melinna fauchaldi Gallardo, 1968 2
Ampharetidae Paramphicteis angustifolia (Grube, 1878) 6
Ampharetidae Paramphicteis cf. weberi (Caullery, 1944) Amphicteis cf. weberi 5
Ampharetidae Pavelius sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Ampharetidae Samytha gurjanovae Uschakov, 1950 probable 6
misidentification
Ampharetidae Samythella dubia (Gallardo, 1968) Eusamytha dubia 2
Gallardo, 1968
Amphinomidae Amphinome jukesi Baird, 1868 Amphinome pulchra 6
Horst, 1912
181
Presence by
Subregions
Amphinomidae Amphinome rostrata (Kinberg, 1867) Amphinome luzoniae 236

Kinberg, 1867;
Aphodita rostrata
Pallas, 1766
Amphinomidae Chloeia entypa Chamberlin, 1919 3
Amphinomidae Chloeia flava* (Pallas, 1766) 2356
Amphinomidae Chloeia fusca McIntosh, 1885 6
Amphinomidae Chloeia inermis Quatrefages, 1865 6
Amphinomidae Chloeia parva* Baird, 1870 256
Amphinomidae Chloeia rosea Potts, 1909 3
Amphinomidae Chloeia sp. Gallardo, 1967 2
Amphinomidae Chloeia violacea Horst, 1910 256
Amphinomidae Eurythoe complanata* (Pallas, 1766) 2356
Amphinomidae Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst, 1912 26
Amphinomidae Hipponoe gaudichaudi Audouin & Milne 2
Edwards, 1830
Amphinomidae Linopherus hirsuta (Wesenberg-Lund, 26
1949)
Amphinomidae Linopherus hirsuta (Wesenberg-Lund, as Pseudeurythoe 2
1949) hirsuta Wesenburg-
Lund, 1949
Amphinomidae Linopherus oligobranchia (Wu, Shen & Chen, as Pseudeurythoe 56
1975) oligobranchia Wu,
Shen & Chen, 1975
Amphinomidae Linopherus paucibranchiata (Fauvel, 1932) as Pseudeurythoe 2
paucibranchiata Fauvel,
1932 (Fauvel, 1939)
Amphinomidae Linopherus sp. 2 Al-Hakim & as Pseudeurythoe sp. 2 5
Glasby, 2004 Al-Hakim & Glasby,
2004
Amphinomidae Notopygos gigas Horst, 1911 6
Amphinomidae Notopygos labiatus Fauvel, 1932 3
Amphinomidae Notopygos ornata Grube, 1856 3
Amphinomidae Notopygos sibogae Horst, 1911 6
Amphinomidae Notopygos subpragigas Uschakov & Wu, 6
1962
Amphinomidae Notopygos variabilis Potts, 1909 3
Amphinomidae Paramphinome indica Fauvel, 1932 6
Amphinomidae Pareurythoe borealis (Sars, 1862) probable 6
misidentification
Amphinomidae Pherecardia parva Monro, 1924 6
Amphinomidae Pherecardia striata (Kinberg, 1857) 236
Aphroditidae Aphrodita aculeata Linnaeus, 1758 6
Aphroditidae Aphrodita alta Kinberg, 1856 2
Aphroditidae Aphrodita australis Baird, 1865 6
182
Presence by
Subregions
Aphroditidae Aphrodita japonica Marenzeller, 1879 6

Aphroditidae Aphrodita sondaica Grube, 1875 4
Aphroditidae Aphrodita talpa Quatrefages, 1865 6
Aphroditidae Laetmonice hystrix (Savigny in as Hermione histrix 236
Lamarck, 1818) (Savigny in Lamarck,
1818)
Aphroditidae Laetmonice japonica McIntosh, 1855 6
Aphroditidae Laetmonice producta Grube, 1876 as Laetmatonice 2
producta (Fauvel, 1936)
Aphroditidae Pontogenia indica* Grube, 1878 35
Aphroditidae Pontogenia lichancoi Pillai, 1965 3
Aphroditidae Pontogenia macleari (Haswell, 1883) 2
Aphroditidae Pontogenia mcintoshi Monro, 1924 6
Aphroditidae Pontogenia nuda Horst, 1917 26
Aphroditidae Pontogenia obscura (Monro, 1924) 6
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon elegans (Chamisso & 26
(Aspidosiphon) Eysenhardt, 1821)
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon gracilis gracilis (Baird, 1868) 2
(Aspidosiphon)
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon muelleri muelleri* Diesing, 1851 256
(Aspidosiphon)
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon laevis de Quatrefages, 26
(Paraspidosiphon) 1865
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon parvulus Gerould, 1913 2
(Paraspidosiphon)
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon steenstrupii* Diesing, 1859 26
(Paraspidosiphon)
Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon tenuis Sluiter, 1886 26
(Paraspidosiphon)
Aspidosiphonidae Cloeosiphon aspergillus (de Quatrefages, 26
1865)
Aspidosiphonidae Lihacrosiphon cristatus cristatus (Sluiter, 1902) 2
Aspidosiphonidae Lithacrosiphon maldivensis Shipley, 1902 6
Capitellidae Anotomastus sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Capitellidae Capitella capitata* (Fabricius, 1780) probable 5
misidentification
Capitellidae Capitellethus branchiferus Gallardo, 1968 2
Capitellidae Capitellethus cf. dispar (Ehlers, 1907) 6
Capitellidae Dasybranchus caducus (Grube, 1846) 267
Capitellidae Heteromastus filiformis (Claparède, 1864) 6
Capitellidae Heteromastus similis Southern, 1921 26
Capitellidae Leiochrides australis Augener, 1914 5
Capitellidae Leiochrides sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Capitellidae Mastobranchus loii Gallardo, 1968 2
183
Presence by
Subregions
Capitellidae Mastobranchus sp. Gallardo, 1968 2

Capitellidae Mediomastus californiensis Hartman, 1944 6
Capitellidae Mediomastus warrenae Green, 2002 5
Capitellidae Notomastus aberans Day, 1957 26
Capitellidae Notomastus cf. latericeus Sars, 1851 5
Capitellidae Notomastus giganteus Moore, 1906 6
Capitellidae Notomastus hemipodus Hartman, 1947 5
Capitellidae Notomastus latericeus Sars, 1851 26
Capitellidae Notomastus polyodon Gallardo, 1968 2
Capitellidae Notomastus sp. 3 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Capitellidae Notomastus sp. A Gallardo, 2
1968
Capitellidae Notomastus sp. Fauvel, 1936 2
Capitellidae Notomastus sp. Fauvel, 1939 1
Capitellidae Parheteromastus tenuis Monro, 1937 5
Capitellidae Promastobranchus huloti Gallardo, 1968 2
Capitellidae Promastobranchus orbiculatus Green, 2002 5
Capitellidae Scyphoproctus armata (Fauvel, 1929) as Pulliella armata 2
Fauvel, 1929
Capitellidae Scyphoproctus sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Chaetopteridae Chaetopterus variopedatus* (Renier, 1804) 256
Chaetopteridae Mesochaetopterus formosana Nishi & Hsieh, 2009 6

Chaetopteridae Mesochaetopterus selangolus (Nishi, 1999) as Sasekumaria 5
selangora in Ng &
Sasekumar (1993) and
Paxton & Chou (2000)
Chaetopteridae Phyllochaetopterus claparedii McIntosh, 1885 2
Chaetopteridae Spiochaetopterus costarum (Claparède, 1869) as Spiochaetopterus 6
costarum costarum
(Claparède, 1869)
Chrysopetalidae Arichlidon hanneloreae Watson Russell, 26
1998
Chrysopetalidae Bhawania brevis Gallardo, 1968 26
Chrysopetalidae Bhawania cryptocephala Gravier, 1901 26
Chrysopetalidae Bhawania goodei Webster, 1884 36
Chrysopetalidae Chrysopetalum debile (Grube, 1855) as Chrysopetalum 26
ehlersi Gravier, 1902
Chrysopetalidae Chrysopetalum occidentale Johnson, 1897 6
Chrysopetalidae Paleanotus bellis (Johnson, 1897) 6
Chrysopetalidae Paleanotus chrysolepis Schmarda, 1861 6
184
Presence by
Subregions
Cirratulidae Aphelochaeta filiformis Keferstein, 1862 as Ciratulus filliformis 6

Keferstein, 1862
Cirratulidae Aphelochaeta marioni (Saint-Joseph, 1894) as Tharyx marioni 2
(Saint-Joseph,
1894); probable
misidentification
Cirratulidae Aphelochaeta multifilis (Moore, 1909) 6
Cirratulidae Caulleriella cf. typhlops (Willey, 1905) 6
Cirratulidae Caulleriella glabra Gallardo, 1968 2
Cirratulidae Chaetozone flagellifera Gallardo, 1968 2
Cirratulidae Chaetozone maotienae Gallardo, 1968 2
Cirratulidae Chaetozone setosa Malmgren, 1867 probable 6
misidentification
Cirratulidae Chaetozone sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Cirratulidae Cirratulus annamensis Gallardo, 1968 25
Cirratulidae Cirratulus branchiatus Treadwell, 1936 possibly Cirriformia 6
chefooensis (Grube,
1877) according to
Hartman (1956)
Cirratulidae Cirratulus cirratus* (Müller, 1776) misspelled as Cirratulus 25
cirratulus in Tan &
Chou (1993), Paxton
& Chou (2002), and
Can (2009); probable
misidentification
Cirratulidae Cirratulus zebuensis McIntosh, 1885 6
Cirratulidae Cirriformia chrysodermoides Pillai, 1965 3
Cirratulidae Cirriformia filigera (Delle Chiaje, 1828) 6
Cirratulidae Cirriformia semicincta (Ehlers, 1905) as Audouinia semicincta 2
Ehlers, 1905
Cirratulidae Cirriformia sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Cirratulidae Cirriformia tentaculata (Montagu, 1808) probable 56
misidentification
Cirratulidae Dodecaceria fewkesi Berkeley & 6
Berkeley, 1954
Cirratulidae Dodecaceria fistulicola Ehlers, 1901 probable 2
misidentification
Cirratulidae Dodecaceria sp. Fauvel, 1939 Reported as 2
?Heterocirrus sp. in
Fauvel (1939)
Cirratulidae Monticellina sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Cirratulidae Monticellina sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Cirratulidae Protocirrineris chrysoderma (Claparède, 1868) as Cirratulus 2
chrysoderma
(Claparède, 1868)
185
Presence by
Subregions
Cirratulidae Tharyx filibranchia Day, 1961 probable 6

misidentification
Cirratulidae Tharyx sp. A Gallardo, 26
1968
Cirratulidae Tharyx sp. B Gallardo, 2
1968
Cirratulidae Tharyx sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Cirratulidae Tharyx sp. Nakao et al., 5
1989
Cirratulidae Timarte punctata (Grube, 1859) as Cirriformia punctata 6
(Grube, 1859)
Cossuridae Cossura coasta Kitamori, 1960 6
Cossuridae Cossura dimorpha (Hartman, 1976) 56
Dorvilleidae Dorvillea australiensis (McIntosh, 1885) as Papilliodorvillea 6
australiensis in Wu et
al. (1980) and Wu et al.
(1975)
Dorvilleidae Dorvillea brevipinnis (Grube, 1878) as Staurocephalus 5
brevipinnis Grube, 1855
Dorvilleidae Dorvillea filicornis (Grube, 1878) 5
Dorvilleidae Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) as Staurocephalus 2
rubrovittatus Grube,
1855 in Fauvel
(1939); probable
misidentification
Dorvilleidae Protodorvillea sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Dorvilleidae Schistomeringos incerta (Schmarda, 1861) as Dorvillea 26
incerta in Gallardo
(1968); probable
misidentification
Dorvilleidae Schistomeringos japonica (Annenkova, 1937) 6
Dorvilleidae Schistomeringos rudolphi (Delle Chiaje, 1828) as Staurocephalus 2
rudolphii (Delle Chiaje,
1828) in Fauvel (1939)
Echiuridae Anelassorhynchus inanensis (Ikeda, 1904) 26
Echiuridae Anelassorhynchus sabinus (Lanchester, 1905) 1?6
Echiuridae Anelassorhynchus vegrandis (Lampert, 1883) 3
Echiuridae Listriolobus sorbillans (Lampert, 1883) 3
Echiuridae Ochetostoma erythrogrammon Leuckart & Ruppell, 26
1828
Echiuridae Ochetostoma formosulum (Lampert, 1883) 3
Echiuridae Ochetostoma fuscum Ikeda, 1904 6
Echiuridae Ochetostoma griffini (Wharton, 1913) 3
Echiuridae Ochetostoma indosinense Wesenberg-Lund, 2
1939
186
Presence by
Subregions
Echiuridae Thalassema mortenseni Fischer, 1923 6

Eulepethidae Pareulepis hamifera (Grube, 1875) as Eulepis hamifera in 26
Fauvel (1939)
Eulepethidae Pareulepis malayana (Horst, 1913) 25
Eunicidae Eunice afra Peters, 1854 26
Eunicidae Eunice aphroditois* (Pallas, 1788) 256
Eunicidae Eunice australis Quatrefages, 1865 26
Eunicidae Eunice borneensis (Grube, 1878) 3
Eunicidae Eunice carrerai Wu, Sun, Liu & Xu, 26
2013
Eunicidae Eunice coccinea Grube, 1878 56
Eunicidae Eunice coccinioides* Augener, 1922 5
Eunicidae Eunice collini Augener, 1906 67
Eunicidae Eunice dilatata Grube, 1877 26
Eunicidae Eunice floridana (Pourtalès, 1867) 2
Eunicidae Eunice grubei* Gravier, 1900 25
Eunicidae Eunice hainanensis Wu, Sun, Liu & Xu, 2
2013
Eunicidae Eunice hirschi* Fauchald, 1992 Eunice cf. hirschi in 5
Lee & Glasby (2013)
probably belongs to this
species
Eunicidae Eunice indica Kinberg, 1865 235
Eunicidae Eunice jagori Grube, 1878 3
Eunicidae Eunice levibranchia (Hoagland, 1920) 3
Eunicidae Eunice lucei* (Grube, 1856) probable 5
misidentification
Eunicidae Eunice marenzelleri Gravier, 1900 6
Eunicidae Eunice medicina Moore, 1903 26
Eunicidae Eunice multicylidri Shisko, 1981 26
Eunicidae Eunice nesiotes* (Chamberlin, 1919) 5
Eunicidae Eunice sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Eunicidae Eunice sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Eunicidae Eunice sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Eunicidae Eunice sp. Mak, 1980 6
Eunicidae Eunice tentaculata Kinberg, 1865 25
Eunicidae Eunice uschakovi Wu, Sun & Liu, 26
2013
Eunicidae Eunice vitatta delle Chiaje, 1828 2
Eunicidae Eunice wasinensis Fauchald, 1992 as Eunice (Nicidion) 2
gracilis (Crossland,
1904) in Fauvel (1939)
187
Presence by
Subregions
Eunicidae Euniphysa aculeata* Wesenberg-Lund, synonym Euniphysa 25

1949 unicusa Shen & Wu,
1990 (after Lu &
Fauchald 2000)
Eunicidae Euniphysa falciseta (Shen & Wu, 1990) originally described as 7
Paraeuniphysa falciseta
Shen & Wu, 1990
Eunicidae Euniphysa filibranchia Lu & Fauchald, 7
2000
Eunicidae Euniphysa spinea (Miura, 1977) Euniphysa oculata Wu, 6
Sun & Chen, 1979 after
Lu & Fauchald (2000);
also Paraeuniphysa
spinea Shen & Wu,
1991
Eunicidae Euniphysa taiwanensis (Wu & He, 1988) originally 6
Paraeuniphysa
taiwanensis Wu & He,
1988
Eunicidae Euniphysa tridontesa (Shen & Wu, 1990) originally Heterophysa 2
tridontesa Shen & Wu,
1990
Eunicidae Leodice antennata* (Savigny in as Eunice antennata 2356
Lamarck, 1818) (Savigny in Lamarck,
1818)
Eunicidae Lysidice collaris* Grube, 1870 as Lysidice ninetta 2356
collaris in Sun et al.
(1978) and Wu et
al. (1975); synonym
Lysidice lunae Kinberg,
1865
Eunicidae Lysidice ninetta Audouin & Milne 6
Edwards, 1833
Eunicidae Lysidice unicornis (Grube, 1840) as Nematonereis 26
unicornis (Grube, 1840)
Eunicidae Marphysa adenensis Gravier, 1900 6
Eunicidae Marphysa bellii (Audouin & Milne 126
Edwards, 1833)
Eunicidae Marphysa bifurcata Kott, 1951 2
Eunicidae Marphysa depressa (Schmarda, 1861) 6
Eunicidae Marphysa digitibranchia Hoagland, 1920 6
Eunicidae Marphysa disjuncta* Hartman, 1961 5
Eunicidae Marphysa gravelyi Southern, 1921 3
Eunicidae Marphysa macintoshi* Crossland, 1903 56
Eunicidae Marphysa moribiddi Idris, Hutchings & 5
Arshad, 2014
188
Presence by
Subregions
Eunicidae Marphysa mossambica* (Peters, 1854) synonym Nauphanta 56

mossambica; identities
of specimens of M.
mossambica in the
SCS region should be
checked (Idris et al.
2014)
Eunicidae Marphysa orientalis Treadwell, 1936 as Paramyphysa 26
orientalis (Treadwell,
1936) in Wiley (1905)
Eunicidae Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1815) probable 26
misidentification
Eunicidae Marphysa sinensis Monro, 1934 6
Eunicidae Marphysa sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Eunicidae Marphysa sp. Mak, 1980 as Paramyphysa sp. 6
Mak, 1980
Eunicidae Marphysa stragulum (Grube, 1878) 6
Eunicidae Nicidion cincta (Kinberg, 1865) as Eunice cincta 6
(Kinberg, 1865)
Eunicidae Nicidion megabalanicola Hsueh & Yan-Huei, 6
2014
Eunicidae Palola edentulum (Ehlers, 1901) as Nicidion edentulum 2
Ehlers, 1901; probable
misidentification
Eunicidae Palola siciliensis (Grube, 1840) as Eunice siciliensis 6
Grube, 1840
Euphrosinidae Euphrosine foliosa Audouin & Milne probable 6
Edwards, 1833 misidentification
Euphrosinidae Euphrosine myrtosa Savigny in Lamarck, 26
1818
Euphrosinidae Euphrosine sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Fabriciidae Fabricinuda longilabrum Fitzhugh, 1990 1
Fabriciidae Fabricinuda sp. Fitzhugh, 1
2002b
Fabriciidae Pseudofabriciola filaris Fitzhugh, 2002b 1
Flabelligeridae Brada sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Flabelligeridae Brada villosa (Rathke, 1843) probable 6
misidentification
Flabelligeridae Daylithos parmatus (Grube, 1877) as Stylarioides 26
parmatus by Fauvel
(1936); Pherusa
parmata by Yang &
Sun (1988); Mak (1980,
1982)
Flabelligeridae Diplocirrus erythroporus Gallardo, 1968 25
Flabelligeridae Pherusa curvusetis (Caullery, 1914) 236
Flabelligeridae Pherusa monroi* (Day, 1957) 5
189
Presence by
Subregions
Flabelligeridae Pherusa sp. A Gallardo, 25

1968
Flabelligeridae Pherusa sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Flabelligeridae Piromis congoense (Grube, 1877) 2
Flabelligeridae Piromis indica (Fauvel, 1928) as Pherusa eruca indica 25
(Fauvel, 1928)
Flabelligeridae Piromis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Flabelligeridae Piromis suni Salazar-Vallejo, 2
2011
Flabelligeridae Pycnoderma ferruginea (Gallardo, 1968) as Brada ferruginea 2
Gallardo, 1968 in
Paxton & Chou (2000);
Piromis congoensis
(Grube, 1877) in
Gallardo (1968)
Flabelligeridae Pycnoderma talahsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) Brada talahsapensis 125
Fauvel, 1932
Glyceridae Glycera adspersa Fauvel, 1939 as Glycera alba var. 2
adspersa Fauvel, 1939
Glyceridae Glycera alba (Müller, 1776) 2
Glyceridae Glycera capitata Örsted, 1843 probable 2
misidentification
Glyceridae Glycera cf. lapidum Quatrefages, 1866 2
Glyceridae Glycera chirori Izuka, 1912 6
Glyceridae Glycera cinnamomea Grube, 1874 Glycera manorae 2
Fauvel, 1932
Glyceridae Glycera decipiens Marenzeller, 1879 6
Glyceridae Glycera lancadivae Schmarda, 1861 6
Glyceridae Glycera longipinnis Grube, 1878 2
Glyceridae Glycera macintoshi Grube, 1877 5
Glyceridae Glycera madagascariensis Böggemann & 5
Fiege, 2001
Glyceridae Glycera nicobarica* Grube, 1868 25
Glyceridae Glycera onomichiensis Izuka, 1912 256
Glyceridae Glycera parashadi Fauvel, 1932 Misspelled as Glycera 126
prashadi Fauvel in
Fauvel (1939), Wu et
al. (1975), and Wu et
al. (1997)
Glyceridae Glycera posterobranchia Hoagland, 1920 23
Glyceridae Glycera rouxii* Audouin & Milne probable 256
Glyceridae Glycera sagittariae McIntosh, 1855 6
Glyceridae Glycera sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
190
Presence by
Subregions
Glyceridae Glycera sp. Wu et al., 1975 6

Glyceridae Glycera subanenea Grube, 1878 26
Glyceridae Glycera tesselata Grube, 1840 256
Glyceridae Glycera tridactyla* Schmarda, 1861 synonym Glycera 256
convoluta Keferstein,
1862; Records of G.
alba in Paxton &
Chou (2000) should
probably refer to this
species according to
Böggemann, Fiege &
Sun (1999)
Golfingiidae Golfingia elongata (Keferstein, 1862) 26
(Golfingia)
Golfingiidae Golfingia vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) 256
(Golfingia)
Golfingiidae Nephasoma pellucidum (Keferstein, 1865) 25
(Nephasoma) pellucidum
Golfingiidae Thysanocardia nigra (Ikeda, 1904) 6
Golfingiidae Thysanocardia catharinae (Grube, 1868) 2
Goniadidae Glycinde gurjanovae Uschakov & Wu, 6
1962
Goniadidae Glycinde oligodon Southern, 1921 25
Goniadidae Goniada annulata Moore, 1905 6
Goniadidae Goniada cf. maculata* Örsted, 1843 56
Goniadidae Goniada emerita Audouin & Milne 6
Edwards, 1833
Goniadidae Goniada japonica* Izuka, 1912 56
Goniadidae Goniada maculata Örsted, 1843 2
Goniadidae Goniada multidentata Arwidsson, 1899 probable 26
misidentification
Goniadidae Goniada paucidens Grube, 1878 6
Goniadidae Goniada tridens Gallardo, 1968 2
Goniadidae Goniada uncinigera Ehlers, 1901 2
Hartmaniellidae Hartmaniella fujianensis He & Wu, 1986 6
Hartmaniellidae Hartmaniella sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Hesionidae Bonuania parva Pillai, 1965 3
Hesionidae Gyptis labatus (Hessle, 1925) 6
Hesionidae Gyptis pacificus (Hessle, 1925) 2
Hesionidae Gyptis sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Hesionidae Gyptis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Hesionidae Hesione genetta Grube, 1866 6
191
Presence by
Subregions
Hesionidae Hesione intertexta Grube, 1878 236

Hesionidae Hesione pantherina Risso, 1826 26
Hesionidae Hesione splendida Savigny in Lamarck, 26
1818
Hesionidae Heteropodarke xiamenensis Ding, Wu & 6
Westheide, 1997
Hesionidae Kefersteinia cirrata (Keferstein, 1862) 2
Hesionidae Leocrates chinensis Kinberg, 1866 26
Hesionidae Leocrates claparedii* (Costa in Claparède, Leocrates giardi 256
1868) Gravier 1900
Hesionidae Leocrates diplognathus Monro, 1926 26
Hesionidae Leocrates papillosus Monro, 1926 6
Hesionidae Leocrates wesenberglundae Pettibone, 1970a 5
Hesionidae Micropodarke dubia (Hessle, 1925) Possibly same as 6
Micropodarke sp. A of
Ong Che, Qiu & Wu
(1998)
Hesionidae Neogyptis hongkongensis Pleijel, Rouse, 6
Sundkvist &
Nygren, 2012
Hesionidae Oxydromus agilis (Ehlers, 1864) as Ophiodromus agilis 2
Ehlers, 1864
Hesionidae Oxydromus angustifrons (Grube, 1878) as Ophiodromus 2
angustifrons (Grube,
1878)
Hesionidae Oxydromus angustifrons (Grube, 1878) as Podarke angustifrons 2
(Grube, 1878)
Hesionidae Oxydromus berrisfordi (Day, 1967) as Ophiodromus 2
berrisfordi Day, 1967
Hesionidae Oxydromus cf. obscurus (Verrill, 1837) as Ophiodromus cf. 6
obscura (Verrill,
1873) in Sun & Yang
(2004) and Yang &
Sun (1988). Also as
Podarke cf. obscura;
Hesionidae Oxydromus latifrons* (Grube, 1878) as Podarke latifrons 25
Grube, 1878
Hesionidae Oxydromus pugettensis (Johnson, 1901) as Ophiodromus 6
pugettensis Johnson,
1901
Hesionidae Oxydromus sp. 1 Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Antokhina, 2012
Antokhina, 2012
Antokhina, 2012
192
Presence by
Subregions
Hesionidae Oxydromus sp. Al-Hakim & 5

Glasby, 2004
Hesionidae Parahesione sp. Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Hesionidae Psamathe sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Hesionidae Sinohesione genitaliphora Westheide, Purschke 12
& Mangerich, 1994
Hesionidae Syllidia anchoragnatha Sun & Yang, 2004 6
Hesionidae Syllidia armata Quatrefages, 1866 probable 26
misidentification
Hesionidae Syllidia hongkongensis Ruta & Pleijel, 2006 6
Heterospionidae Heterospio sinica Wu & Chen, 1966 6
Iospilidae Phalacrophorus pictus Greeff, 1879 26
Iospilidae Phalocrophorus uniformis Reibisch, 1895 26
Iphionidae Iphione malifera Piotrowski, 2014 3
Iphionidae Iphione muricata* (Savigny in Lamark, 2356
1818)
Iphionidae Iphione ovata Kinberg, 1856 26
Lacydoniidae Paralacydonia paradoxa Fauvel, 1913 26
Lopadorrhynchidae Lopadorrhynchus brevis Grube, 1855 6
Lopadorrhynchidae Lopadorrhynchus krohni (Claparède, 1870) as L. krohnii 6
(Claparède, 1870) in
Wu et al. (1997)
Lopadorrhynchidae Lopadorrhynchus nationalis Reibisch, 1895 6
Lopadorrhynchidae Lopadorrhynchus tuberculus Shen, 1978 6
Lopadorrhynchidae Lopadorrhynchus uncinatus Fauvel, 1915 26
Lopadorrhynchidae Maupasia coeca Vignier, 1886 26
Lopadorrhynchidae Pedinosoma curtum Reibisch, 1895 6
Lopadorrhynchidae Pelagobia longicirrata Greeff, 1879 267
Lopadorrhynchidae Prolopadorrhynchus nationalis (Reibisch, 1895) 26
Lumbrineridae Abyssoninoe sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Lumbrineridae Augeneria albidentata (Ehlers, 1908) 6
Lumbrineridae Eranno carrerai Cai & Li, 2011 6
Lumbrineridae Gallardoneris shiinoi (Gallardo, 1968) 26
Lumbrineridae Gallardoneris thailandensis Carrera-Parra, 2006 1
Lumbrineridae Helmutneris flabellicola (Fage, 1936) 6
Lumbrineridae Loboneris pterignatha (Gallardo, 1968) 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrinereis debilis Grube, 1878 as Lumbriconeris 2
debilis Grube, 1878
Lumbrineridae Lumbrinerides sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
193
Presence by
Subregions
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris acutiformis Gallardo, 1968 2

Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris amboinensis Grube, 1877 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris bifurcata McIntosh, 1885 6
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris caudaensis Gallardo, 1968 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris cf. cruzensis Hartman, 1944 6
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris hartmani* (Day, 1953) 5
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris heteropoda (Marenzeller, 1879) as Lumbriconeris 26
heteropoda Maranzeller,
1879
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris indica Kinberg, 1865 5
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris inflata Moore, 1911 6
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris japonica (Marenzeller, 1879) 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris latreilli* Audouin & Milne probable 56
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris mando Crossland, 1924 as Ninoe mando 2
(Crossland, 1924)
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris mucronata (Ehlers, 1908) 26
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris notocirrata (Fauvel, 1932) 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris simplex Southern, 1921 6
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) as Lumbriconeris 26
sphaerocephala
Schmarda, 1861
Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) 6
Lumbrineridae Ninoe bruuni Gallardo, 1968 25
Lumbrineridae Scoletoma impatiens (Claparède, 1868) as Lumbrineris 2
impatiens Claparède,
1868
Lumbrineridae Sergioneris nagae (Gallardo, 1968) 26
Magelonidae Magelona cincta Ehlers, 1908 56
Magelonidae Magelona crenulifrons Gallardo, 1968 256
Magelonidae Magelona gemmata Mortimer & Mackie, 5
2003
Magelonidae Magelona japonica Okuda, 1937 26
Magelonidae Magelona koreana Okuda, 1937 2
Magelonidae Magelona lenticulata Gallardo, 1968 2
Magelonidae Magelona methae Nateewathana & 6
Hylleberg, 1991
Magelonidae Magelona rosea Moore, 1907 2
Magelonidae Magelona sp. Wu & Sun, 6
1978
Maldanidae Asychis cf. gangeticus Fauvel, 1932 6
Maldanidae Asychis gotoi (Izuka, 1902) 6
194
Presence by
Subregions
Maldanidae Clymenella cincta (Saint-Joseph, 1894) 6

Maldanidae Euclymene annandalei Southern, 1921 256
Maldanidae Euclymene insecta (Ehlers, 1905) 2
Maldanidae Euclymene lombricoides* (Quatrefages, 1865) 5
Maldanidae Euclymene sp. Nakao et al. 5
1989
Maldanidae Eucylmene lombricoides (Quatrefages, 1865) 56
Maldanidae Maldane sarsi Malmgren, 1865 6
Maldanidae Maldanella sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Maldanidae Petaloproctus cf. terricolus Quatrefages, 1865 6
Maldanidae Praxillella cf. affinis (Sars, 1872) 6
Maldanidae Praxillella gracilis (Sars, 1862) 26
Maldanidae Sabaco maculatus Kinberg, 1867 5
Maldanidae Sabaco steineri Light, 1991 1
Myzostomatidae Contramyzostoma bialatum* Eeckhaut & 5
Jangoux, 1995
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma antennatum Graff, 1884 6
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma brachiatum* Graff, 1877 35
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma capitocutis* Eeckhaut, van den 5
Spiegel & Grygier,
1994
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma echinus Graff, 1884 6
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma elegans* Graff, 1877 35
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma horologium* Graff, 1884 35
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma jagersteni* Eeckhaut, van den 5
Spiegel & Grygier,
1994
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma longicirrum* Graff, 1887 5
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma singaporense* Eeckhaut, van den 5
Spiegel & Grygier,
1994
Myzostomatidae Myzostoma stochoeides* Atkins, 1927 5
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus cf. jeffreysii (McIntosh, 1885) 6
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus cf. vietnamensis sensu Al-Hakim & 25
Glasby (2004)
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus dibranchis* (Grube, 1877) 56
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus dicirroides Fauchald, 26
1967(1968)
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus jeffreysii (McIntosh, 1885) 2
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus lobatus Imajima & Takeda, 6
1985
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus lyratus Kinberg, 1866 5
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus lyrochaeta (Fauvel, 1902) 6
195
Presence by
Subregions
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus munamaorii Gibbs, 1971 6

Nephtyidae Aglaophamus orientalis Fauchald, 2
1967(1968)
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus phuketensis Nateewathana & 2
Hylleberg, 1985
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus sinensis (Fauvel, 1932) 26
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus sp. Shin, 1982a 6
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus tepens Fauchald, 25
1967(1968)
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus toloensis Ohwada, 1992 6
Nephtyidae Aglaophamus vietnamensis Fauchald, 2
1967(1968)
Nephtyidae Inermonephtys cf. gallardi sensu Sun & Yang, 2
2004
Nephtyidae Inermonephtys gallardi Fauchald, 2
1967(1968)
Nephtyidae Inermonephtys inermis (Ehlers, 1887) 26
Nephtyidae Inermonephtys palpata Paxton, 1974 2
Nephtyidae Micronephtys oculifera Mackie, 2000 probably Micronephtys 56
sp. of Al-Hakim &
Glasby (2004)
Nephtyidae Micronephtys sphaerocirrata* (Wesenberg-Lund, Nephtys sphaerocirrata 256
1949) in Chan (2009)
Nephtyidae Nephtys californiensis Hartman, 1938 26
Nephtyidae Nephtys cf. punctata Hartman, 1938 5
Nephtyidae Nephtys hombergi Audouin & Milne 2
Edwards, 1833
Nephtyidae Nephtys oligobranchia Southern, 1921 256
Nephtyidae Nephtys polybranchia Southern, 1921 26
Nephtyidae Nephtys sp. Fauvel, 1936 2
Nephtyidae Nephtys sp. Fauvel, 1939 2
Nereididae Alitta oxypoda (Marenzeller, 1879) synonym Nereis 2
oxypoda (Marenzeller,
1879)
Nereididae Ceratocephale sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Nereididae Ceratonereis dorsolineata (Horst, 1924) 25
Nereididae Ceratonereis imperfecta (Gravier & Dantan, 2
1934)
Nereididae Ceratonereis incisa Gravier & Dantan, 2
1934
Nereididae Ceratonereis japonica Imajima, 1972 6
196
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Ceratonereis marmorata Horst, 1924 as Nereis (Ceratonereis) 26

marmorata in Fauvel
(1939)
Nereididae Ceratonereis mirabilis* Kinberg, 1866 as Nereis 256
(Ceratonereis) mirabilis
in Fauvel (1939)
Nereididae Ceratonereis sp. B Gravier & as Nereis (Ceratonereis) 2
Dantan, 1931 sp. B Gravier &
Dantan, 1931
Nereididae Ceratonereis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Nereididae Ceratonereis tripartita Horst, 1918 6
Nereididae Composetia coracina (Grube, 1878) 5
Nereididae Composetia costae (Grube, 1840) as Nereis (Ceratonereis) 26
costae in Fauvel (1939)
Nereididae Composetia hastifera (Fauvel, 1937) as Ceratonereis 12
hastifera Fauvel, 1937
Nereididae Composetia hircinicola* (Eisig, 1870) as Ceratonereis 56
hircinicola Eisig, 1870
Nereididae Dendronereides heteropoda* Southern, 1921 5
Nereididae Dendronereides zululandica* Day, 1951 5
Nereididae Dendronereis arborifera* (Peters, 1855) 5
Nereididae Dendronereis pinnaticirris Grube, 1878 236
Nereididae Gymnonereis cf. fauveli sensu Hylleberg & 1
Nateewathana, 1988
Nereididae Gymnonereis cf. fauveli sensu Ong Che, Qiu 156
& Wu (1998);
Nereididae Gymnonereis fauveli* (Pillai, 1961) as Tambalagamia 1256
fauveli Pillai, 1961
Nereididae Gymnonereis phuketensis Hylleberg & 5
Nateewathana, 1998
Nereididae Gymnonereis sibogae (Horst, 1918) 2
Nereididae Gymnonereis sinica Shen & Wu, 1993 as Tambalagamia sinica 7
Shen & Wu, 1993
Nereididae Hediste diversicolor (Müller, 1776) as Neanthes 3
diversicolor (Müller,
1776); probably a
misidentification
Nereididae Leonnates decipiens* Fauvel, 1929 Leonnates decipiens 2356
var. manilensis Pillai,
1965
Nereididae Leonnates indicus Kinberg, 1866 synonymous with 256
Leonnates jousseaumei
Gravier, 1899 (Qiu &
Qian 2000)
Nereididae Leonnates insolitus Gravier & Dantan, questionable 2
1934 record based on
metamorphosed
sexually mature
specimen.
197
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Leonnates jousseaumei* Gravier, 1911 256

Nereididae Leonnates nipponicus Imajima, 1972 6
Nereididae Leonnates persicus Wesenberg-Lund, as Leonnates persica 256
1949 Wesenberg-Lund, 1949
in Shin (1982a) and Wu
et al. (1985)
Nereididae Leonnates sp. Mak, 1980 6
Nereididae Leonnates stephensoni* Rullier, 1965 25
Nereididae Namalycastis abiuma species (Grube, 1872) 256
group*
Nereididae Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, Namalycastis 1
1981 tachinensis Rosendfeldt,
1984
Nereididae Namalycastis indica (Southern, 1921) 1
Nereididae Namalycastis rhodochorde Glasby, Miura, Nishi 245
& Junardi, 2007
Nereididae Namalycastis rigida Pillai, 1965 member of the 3
Namalycastis abiuma
species group
Nereididae Namalycastis terrestris (Pflugfelder, 1933) member of the 2
Namalycastis abiuma
species group
Nereididae Neanthes arenaceodentata (Moore, 1903) 2
Nereididae Neanthes bongcoi Pillai, 1965 3
Nereididae Neanthes caudata (delle Chiaje, 1927) as Neanthes 267
arenaceodentata
(Moore, 1903) (Paxton
& Chou (2000); this
species has since been
synonymised with
Neanthes caudata (delle
Chiaje, 1927) (see Muir
& Bamber (2008))
Nereididae Neanthes cricognatha (Ehlers, 1905) Reported as 5
Nectoneanthes sp.
Nereididae Neanthes dawydovi (Fauvel, 1937) 12
Nereididae Neanthes glandicincta* Southern, 1921 synonym Ceratonereis 256
burmensis as in Chan
(2009) and C. cf.
burmensis as in Sun et
al. (1978); as Nereis
glandicincta in Fauvel
(1939)
Nereididae Neanthes maculata Wu, Sun & Yang, 6
1981
Nereididae Neanthes manatensis Pillai, 1965 3
Nereididae Neanthes nanhaiensis Wu, Sun & Yang, 26
1981
198
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Neanthes pachychaeta (Fauvel, 1918) as Ceratonereis 26

anchylochaeta (Horst,
1924) and Nereis
(Lycoris) ancylochaeta
in Glasby, Wilson
& Bakken (2011);
as Ceratonereis
pachychaeta Fauvel,
1918 in Sun et al.
(1978)
Nereididae Neanthes sp. Mak, 1980 6
Nereididae Neanthes unifasciata (Willey, 1905) 26
Nereididae Neanthes wilsonchani* Lee & Glasby, 2015 reported as 5
Ceratonereis burmensis
in Chan (2009)
Nereididae Nectoneanthes oxypoda (Marenzeller, 1879) Nectoneanthes 26
donghaiensis He,
1987; Nectoneanthes
ijimai (Izuka, 1912);
Nectoneanthes
latipoda Paik, 1973;
Nectoneanthes
multignatha Wu,
Sun, Yang, 1981;
Nectoneanthes legeri
(Gravier & Danton,
1934); probably also
includes also N. cf.
oxypoda of Shin (1982)
Nereididae Nereis amoyensis (Treadwell, 1936) 6
Nereididae Nereis augeneri Gravier & Dantan, 2
1934
Nereididae Nereis coutieri Gravier, 1899 26
Nereididae Nereis dayana Shen & Sun in Sun, 6
Wu & Shen (1978)
Nereididae Nereis denhamensis Augener, 1913 6
Nereididae Nereis ezoensis Izuka, 1912 2
Nereididae Nereis falcaria (Willey, 1905) as Nereis kauderni 26
Fauvel, 1921 in Fauvel
(1936)
Nereididae Nereis fauveli Gravier & Dantan, 2
1934
Nereididae Nereis guangdongensis Wu, Sun & Yang, 6
1981
Nereididae Nereis hainanica Khlebovich, 1963 26
Nereididae Nereis heteromorpha Horst, 1924 6
Nereididae Nereis indica Kinberg, 1866 5
Nereididae Nereis jacksoni Kinberg, 1866 267
Nereididae Nereis multignatha Imajima & Hartman, 6
1964
Nereididae Nereis nichollsi Kott, 1951 26
199
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Nereis nigripes Ehlers, 1868 2

Nereididae Nereis obscura Gravier & Danton, 2
1934
Nereididae Nereis pelagica Linnaeus, 1758 probably a 6
misidentifcation
Nereididae Nereis persica Fauvel, 1911 as Nereis zonata- 267
persica Fauvel, 1911 in
Fauvel (1936, 1939)
Nereididae Nereis rava Ehlers, 1864 2
Nereididae Nereis semperiana (Grube, 1878) 23
Nereididae Nereis sinensis Wu et al, 1985 6
Nereididae Nereis sp. A Bamber & 6
Muir, 2008
Nereididae Nereis sp. B Bamber & 6
Muir, 2008
Nereididae Nereis surugaense Shen & Sun in Sun, 6
nanhaiensis Wu & Shen (1978)
Nereididae Nereis talehsapensis Fauvel, 1932 1
Nereididae Nereis torta Fauvel, 1934 2
Nereididae Nereis trifasciata Grube, 1878 26
Nereididae Nereis unifasciata Willey, 1905 26
Nereididae Nereis zhongshaensis Shen & Sun in Sun, 6
Wu & Shen (1978)
Nereididae Nereis zonata Malmgren, 1867 6
Nereididae Nicon japonicus Imajima, 1972 as N. japonicus 6
Imajima, 1972 in Wu et
al. (1985)
Nereididae Nicon maculata Kinberg, 1866 26
Nereididae Nicon sinica Wu & Sun, 1979 26
Nereididae Paraleonnates uschakovi* Khlebovitch & Wu, Periserrula 12456
1967 leucophryna Paik,
1977; Paraleonnates sp.
Chan, 2009
Nereididae Perinereis aibuhitensis* Grube, 1878 some records of P. 256
aibuhitensis may be
referrable to P. linea
(Arias et al., 2013)
Nereididae Perinereis barbara* Monro, 1926 5
Nereididae Perinereis brevicirris* (Grube, 1878) also known as 56
Perinereis nuntia var.
brevicirris
Nereididae Perinereis calmani Monro, 1926 6
Nereididae Perinereis camiguinoides Augener, 1922 6
Nereididae Perinereis cavifrons Ehlers, 1920 6
Nereididae Perinereis cultrifera (Grube, 1840) probable 26
misidentification
200
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Perinereis floridana Ehlers, 1868 also known as 26

Perinereis cultrifera
floridana
Nereididae Perinereis helleri Grube, 1878 also known as 2
helleri; Perinereis
camiguina Grube, 1878
Nereididae Perinereis linea (Treadwell, 1936) possibly Perinereis 6
orientalis (Treadwell,
1936)
Nereididae Perinereis majungaensis Fauvel, 1918 also known as 26
majungaensis
Nereididae Perinereis mictodonta (Marenzeller, 1879) as Perinereis sp. 1 26
Chen et al. 2002;
as Perinereis nuntia
brevicirris in Paxton
& Chou (2000);
synonymised with P.
mictodonta by Glasby
& Hsieh (2006)
Nereididae Perinereis nigropunctata (Horst, 1889) Perinereis striolata 1
sensu Hylleberg et al.,
1986
Nereididae Perinereis nuntia (Savigny, 1818) as Perinereis nuntia 256
typica (Savigny, 1818)
in Wu et al. (1985)
Nereididae Perinereis obfuscata Grube, 1878 also known as 2
obfuscata
Nereididae Perinereis perspicillata* Grube, 1878 also known as 256
perspicillata
Nereididae Perinereis quatrefagesi (Grube, 1878) perhaps synonym of P. 1
nuntia
Nereididae Perinereis rhombodonta* Wu, Sun & Yang, 56
1981
Nereididae Perinereis singaporiensis* (Grube, 1878) 5
Nereididae Perinereis sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Nereididae Perinereis striolata* Grube, 1878 Perinereis cultrifera 256
striolata
Nereididae Perinereis suluana Horst, 1924 26
Nereididae Perinereis tenuisetis Fauvel 2
Nereididae Perinereis vallata (Grube, 1857) also known as 26
vallata
Nereididae Perinereis vancaurica* (Ehlers, 1868) Perinereis sp. Shin, 256
1982a
Nereididae Perinereis viridis* Glasby & Hsieh, Perineris sp. 2 Wilson 5
2006 & Glasby, 1993
201
Presence by
Subregions
Nereididae Perinereis weijhouensis Wu, Sun & Yang, possibly a synonym of 6

1981 Perinereis nuntia or P.
quatrefagesi
Nereididae Perinereis wilsoni Glasby & Hsieh, as Perinereis nuntia 26
2006 vallata in Paxton &
Chou (2000) and Wu et
al., 1985
Nereididae Platynereis abnormis (Horst, 1924) as Nereis abnormis 26
(Horst , 1924)
Nereididae Platynereis bicanaliculata (Baird, 1863) 26
Nereididae Platynereis dumerilli (Audouin & Edward, probable 26
1833) misidentification
Nereididae Platynereis polyscalma Chamberlin, 1919 27
Nereididae Platynereis pulchella Gravier, 1902 2
Nereididae Platynereis sinica Shen & Sun in Sun, 6
Wu & Shen (1978)
Nereididae Platynereis sp. A Gravier & 2
Dantan
Nereididae Pseudonereis anomala Gravier, 1902 26
Nereididae Pseudonereis gallapagensis Kinberg, 1866 26
Nereididae Pseudonereis variegata (Grube, 1857) 26
Nereididae Rullierinereis gallardoi Pettibone, 1971 2
Nereididae Rullierinereis misakiensis (Imajima & Hayashi, 6
1972)
Nereididae Simplisetia erythraeensis (Fauvel, 1918) as Ceratonereis 26
erythraeensis Fauvel,
1918
Nereididae Sinonereis heteropoda Wu & Sun, 1979 6
Nereididae Tylonereis bogoyawlenskyi* Fauvel, 1911 256
Nereididae Tylonereis heterochaeta* Tan & Chou, 1994 5
Nereididae Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus (Quatrefages, 1866) Chinonereis edestus 26
Chamberlin, 1924;
Leptonereis distorta
(Treadwell, 1936);
Tylorrhynchus chinensis
Grube, 1866
Nerillidae Leptonerilla diplocirrata Westheide & 6
Purschke, 1996
Oenonidae Arabella iricolor* (Montague, 1804) 25
Oenonidae Arabella mutans (Chamberlin, 1919) 6
Oenonidae Arabella novecrinita Crossland, 1924 possible synonym 2
of Arabella mutans
(Chamberlin, 1924)
Oenonidae Arabella sp. Al-Hakim & as Arabella (Notopsilus) 5
Glasby, 2004 sp. Al-Hakim &
Glasby, 2004
Oenonidae Drilonereis ?paucidentata Treadwell, 1922 2
202
Presence by
Subregions
Oenonidae Drilonereis filum Claparède, 1868 2

Oenonidae Drilonereis logani Crossland, 1924 26
Oenonidae Drilonereis planiceps (Grube, 1878) as Drilonereis 6
paucidentata Treadwell,
1922
Oenonidae Drilonereis sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Oenonidae Halla okudai Imajima , 1967 5
Oenonidae Notocirrus biaciculus Gallardo, 1968 26
Oenonidae Notocirrus japonicus (Okuda, 1939) 2
Oenonidae Oenone fulgida* (Savigny in as Aglaurides fulgida 256
Lamarck, 1818) (Savigny, 1818) in
Fauvel (1939)
Onuphidae Diopatra amboinensis Audouin & Milne 1
Edwards, 1833
Onuphidae Diopatra claparedii* Grube, 1878 Diopatra bulohensis 135
Tan & Chou, 1996
Onuphidae Diopatra neapolitana* Delle Chiaje, 1841 5
Onuphidae Diopatra semperi Grube, 1878 Diopatra luzonensis 35
Grube, 1878; type
locality uncertain
(Paxton 2002)
Onuphidae Diopatra sp. Fauvel, 1939 2
Onuphidae Diopatra sugokai Izuka, 1907 as Diopatra chiliensis 6
in Yang & Sun (1988);
as Diopatra bilobata in
Hsieh & Chang (1991)
Onuphidae Diopatra variabilis Southern, 1921 26
Onuphidae Hyalinoecia tubicola (Müller, 1776) probable 6
misidentification
Onuphidae Kinbergonuphis pseudodibranchiata (Gallardo, 1968) as Onuphis 256
pseudodibranchiata
(Gallardo, 1968) in
Onuphidae Kinbergonuphis sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Onuphidae Kinbergonuphis sp. 3 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Onuphidae Nothria cf. atlantica (Hartman, 1965) 2
Onuphidae Nothria conchylega (Sars, 1835) probable 2
misidentification
Onuphidae Nothria holobranchiata (Marenzeller, 1879) 2
Onuphidae Nothria sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Onuphidae Onuphis eremita Audouin & Milne 26
Edwards, 1833
Onuphidae Onuphis punggolensis* Tan & Chou, 1998 5
Onuphidae Onuphis sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Onuphidae Onuphis variolata Shen, 1987 6
203
Presence by
Subregions
Onuphidae Protodiopatra willemoesii (McIntosh, 1885) as Paradiopatra 6

willemoesii (McIntosh,
1885)
Onuphidae Rhamphobrachium pacifica Hoagland, 1920 3
Opheliidae Armandia bipapillata Hartmann-Schrôder, 56
1974
Opheliidae Armandia exigua Kükenthal, 1887 6
Opheliidae Armandia intermedia Fauvel, 1902 26
Opheliidae Armandia lanceolata Willey, 1905 2
Opheliidae Armandia leptocirris Grube, 1878 2
Opheliidae Armandia leptocirris (Grube, 1878) 236
Opheliidae Armandia longicaudata (Caullery, 1944) 2
Opheliidae Ophelia limacina (Rathke, 1843) probable 2
misidentification
Opheliidae Ophelina ?dubia (Caullery, 1944) 2
Opheliidae Ophelina ?ehlersi (Horst, 1919) 2
Opheliidae Ophelina ?fauveli (Caullery, 1944) 2
Opheliidae Ophelina acuminata* Örsted, 1843 Ammotrypane 56
aulogaster Rathke,
1843
Opheliidae Ophelina aulogaster Rathke, 1843 probable 6
misidentification
Opheliidae Ophelina filobranchiata (Gallardo, 1968) 2
Opheliidae Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961) 25
Opheliidae Ophelina sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Opheliidae Ophelina? sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Opheliidae Polyophthalmus pictus (Dujardin, 1839) 236
Opheliidae Polyophthalmus striatus Kükenthal, 1887 6
Orbiniidae Leitoscoloplos cf. fragilis (Verrill, 1873) as Haloscolplos cf. 2
fragilis (Verrill, 1873)
Orbiniidae Leitoscoloplos cf. kerguelensis (McIntosh, 1885) 6
Orbiniidae Leitoscoloplos sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Orbiniidae Leodamas dubia (Tebble, 1955) as Scoloplos 2
(Leodamas) dubia
Orbiniidae Leodamas gracilis (Pillai, 1961) as Scoloplos 25
(Leodamas) gracilis
Orbiniidae Leodamas rubra (Webster, 1879) as Scoloplos 6
(Leodamas) rubra
Orbiniidae Leodamas rubra orientalis (Gallardo, 1968) as Scoloplos 25
(Leodamas) rubra
orientalis
Orbiniidae Naineris hainanensis Wu & Wu, 1987 6
204
Presence by
Subregions
Orbiniidae Naineris laevigata (Grube, 1855) 2

Orbiniidae Orbinia vietnamensis Gallardo, 1968 26
Orbiniidae Phylo kupfferi (Ehlers, 1875) 6
Orbiniidae Phylo ornatus (Verrill, 1873) 6
Orbiniidae Scoloplos cf. armiger (Müller, 1776) 6
Orbiniidae Scoloplos elongatus (Johnson, 1901) as Haloscolplos 26
elongatus (Johnson,
1901); possibly
synonym of Scoloplos
armiger (Müller, 1776)
Orbiniidae Scoloplos marsupialis Southern, 1921 Scoloplos (Scoloplos) 26
marsupialis Southern,
1921
Orbiniidae Scoloplos sp. Gallardo, 1968 as Haloscolplos sp. 2
Gallardo, 1968
Orbiniidae Scoloplos spinigerus Gallardo, 1968 Scoloplos (Scoloplos) 2
spiniferus Gallardo,
1968
Orbiniidae Scoloplos tumidus Mackie, 1991 as Scoloplos 26
marsupialis in Gallardo
(1968)
Oweniidae Myriochele picta Southern, 1921 25
Oweniidae Owenia fusiformis* Delle Chiaje, 1841 256
Paralacydoniidae Paralacydonia paradoxa Fauvel, 1913 placed under 256
Lacydoniidae in Paxton
& Chou (2000)
Paraonidae Cirrophorus branchiatus Ehlers, 1908 6
Paraonidae Cirrophorus sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Paraonidae Levinsenia sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Paraonidae Paradoneis lyra (Southern, 1914) 26
Paraonidae Paradoneis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Paraonidae Paraonides sp. A Ong Che, as Paraonella sp. A 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998 Ong Che, Qiu & Wu,
1998
Paraonidae Paraonis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Pectinariidae Amphictene alata Zhang, Zhang & 6
Qiu, 1015
Pectinariidae Amphictene japonica (Nilsson, 1928) 6
Pectinariidae Lagis bocki (Hessle, 2917) 6
Pectinariidae Lagis crenulatus Sun & Qiu, 2012 6
Pectinariidae Lagis koreni Malmgren, 1866 6
Pectinariidae Pectinaria antipoda Schmarda, 1861 6
205
Presence by
Subregions
Pectinariidae Pectinaria capensis (Pallas, 1766) as Pectinaria 6

(Amphictene) capensis
in Wu et al. (1980)
Pectinariidae Pectinaria conchilega Grube, 1878 6
Pectinariidae Pectinaria leioscapha Caullery, 1944 2
Pectinariidae Pectinaria papillosa Caullery, 1944 6
Pectinariidae Pectinaria spp. Gallardo, 2
1968
Pectinariidae Pectinaria? sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Phascolionidae Phascolion moskalevi Murina, 1964 considered as species 26
inquirendum by Cutler
& Cutler (1985).
Phascolionidae Phascolion (Isomya) convestitum* Sluiter, 1902 only species of 5
this family ever
recorded from SCS is
Phascolion moskalevi
Murina, 1964, which
is considered as
species inquirendum
by Cutler & Cutler
(1985). Therefore,
the findings of this
species and Phascolion
(Phascolion) hibridum
are considered the first
record for SCS as well
as Singapore at family,
genus and species
levels.
Phascolionidae Phascolion hibridum* Murina, 1981 see Remarks above 5
(Phascolion)
Phascolosomatidae Antillesoma antillarum* (Grube, 1858) 256
Phascolosomatidae Apionsoma misakianum (Ikeda, 1904) 26
(Apionsoma)
Phascolosomatidae Apionsoma trichocephalus* Sluiter, 1902 256
(Apionsoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma agassizii agassizii Keferstein, 1866 Li (1989) listed this 6
(Phascolosoma) species on the basis
of works by Sato
(1939), who described
this species (formerly
known as Phascosoma
japonicum) based on
one speciemen from
Daihanratu, southern
Taiwan and two
specimens from Seisin,
Korea.
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma albolineatum (Baird, 1868) 26
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma arcuatum* (Gray, 1828) 256
(Phascolosoma)
206
Presence by
Subregions
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter, 1902) 6

(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma meteori (Hérubel, 1904) 2
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma nigrescens* (Keferstein, 1865) 256
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma pacificum Keferstein, 1866 26
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma parvum Chen, 1963 2
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma perlucens Baird, 1868 26
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma scolops* (Selenka & de Man, 256
(Phascolosoma) 1883)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma sinense Chen, 1963 26
(Phascolosoma)
Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma stephensoni (Stephen, 1942) 2
(Phascolosoma)
Pholoidae Pholoë minuta (Fabricius, 1780) probable 6
misidentification
Phyllodocidae Clavadoce nigrimaculata (Moore, 1909) 6
Phyllodocidae Eteone maculata Treadwell, 1920 as Eteone (Mysta) 26
maculata
Phyllodocidae Eteone ornata (Grube, 1878) as Eteone (Mysta) 26
ornata
Phyllodocidae Eteone siphodonta* (Delle Chiaje, 1822) as Eteone (Mysta) 56
siphodonta
Phyllodocidae Eteone tchangsii Uschakov & Wu, as Eteone (Mysta) 6
1962 tchangsii
Phyllodocidae Eulalia albo-picta Marenzeller 2
Phyllodocidae Eulalia magalhaensis* Kinberg (1866) 25
Phyllodocidae Eulalia viridis (Linnaeus, 1767) 6
Phyllodocidae Eumida sanguinea (Oersted, 1943) reported as Eulalia 26
(Eumida) sanguinea
(Oersted, 1943) in
Fauvel (1939)
Phyllodocidae Genetyllis castanea (Marenzeller, 1879) 36
Phyllodocidae Genetyllis sp. in Mak (1982, 1980); 6
Natividad & Palpal-
Latoc (1986); Yang &
Sun (1988)
Phyllodocidae Mysta ornata (Grube, 1878) 26
Phyllodocidae Nereiphylla castanea (Marenzeller, 1879) 26
Phyllodocidae Notophyllum splendens (Schmarda, 1861) 6
Phyllodocidae Paranaitis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Phyllodocidae Paranaitis zeylanica (Willey, 1905) 2
207
Presence by
Subregions
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce dissotyla Willey, 1905 as Phyllodoce 2

(Anaitides) dissotyla
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce fristedti Bergström, 1914 6
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce laminosa Savigny in Lamarck, 26
1818
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce madeirensis* Langerhans, 1880 as Phyllodoce 256
(Anaitides) madeirensis
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce malmgreni Gravier, 1900 26
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce papillosa Uschakov & Wu, as Phyllodoce 6
1959 (Anaitides) papillosa
Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce tenuissima (Grube, 1878) as Anaitides tenuissima 23
(Grube, 1878)
Phyllodocidae Pterocirrus macroceros (Grube, 1860) 6
Phyllodocidae Sige notoensis Imajima, 1967 as Pterocirrus notoensis 6
(Imajima, 1967)
Pilargidae Ancistrosyllis brevicirris Rangarajan, 1964 6
Pilargidae Ancistrosyllis rigida Fauvel, 1919 2
Pilargidae Hermundura annandalei (Fauvel, 1932) as Talehsapia 12
annandalei Fauvel,
1932 in Fauvel (1936)
and Paxton & Chou
(2000); retransferred to
Hermundura by Glasby
& Hocknull (2010)
Pilargidae Litocorsa annamita (Gallardo, 1968) 2456
Pilargidae Loandalia indica Thomas, 1963 as Parandalia indica 2
(Thomas, 1963) in Sun
& Yang (2004)
Pilargidae Otopsis? sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Pilargidae Pilargis mohri Gallardo, 1968 26
Pilargidae Pilargis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Pilargidae Pilargis verrucosa pacific Uschakov, 1955 6
Pilargidae Sigambra bassi Hartman, 1947 6
Pilargidae Sigambra constricta (Southern, 1921) previously reported 6
from Hong Kong by
Shin & Thompson
(1982) but not reported
in Paxton & Chou
(2000). Likely to be
the same species as
Sigambra sp. 3 reported
by Al-Hakim & Glasby
(2004)
Pilargidae Sigambra hanaokai (Kitamori, 1960) 256
Pilargidae Sigambra papagayu Bamber in Muir & 6
Bamber, 2008
208
Presence by
Subregions
Pilargidae Sigambra phuketensis Licher & Westheide, questionably same 56

1997 as Sigambra bassi of
Al-Hakim & Glasby
(2004)
Pilargidae Sigambra pettiboneae* Hartmann-Schröder, 5
1979
Pilargidae Sigambra tentaculata (Treadwell, 1941) 6
Pilargidae Synelmis albini (Langerhans, 1881) probably a 26
misidentification
Pilargidae Synelmis rigida (Fauvel, 1919) record of S. albini 256
(Langerhans) from the
SCS (Paxton & Chou,
2000) is likely to be
attributable to S. rigida.
Pilargidae Synelmis sergi Glasby & Marks, 5
2013
Pisionidae Pisione oerstedi Grube, 1857 2
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus gallardoi Pilato & Cantone, as Poecilochaetus sp. A 2
1976 in Gallardo (1968)
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus hystricosus Mackie, 1990 6
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus paratropicus Gallardo, 1968 2
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus serpens* Allen, 1904 Poecilochaetus cf. 256
serpens in Lee &
Glasby (2013) probably
belongs to this species
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus sp. 1 Gallardo, 2
1968
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus sp. 2 Gallardo, 2
1968
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus spinulosus Mackie, 1990 6
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus tricirratus Mackie, 1990 6
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus tropicus Okuda, 1937 6
Poecilochaetidae Poecilochaetus vietnamita Gallardo, 1968 2
Polycirridae Amaena apheles (Hutchings, 1974) 5
Polycirridae Amaena cf. yirrarn Hutchings, 1997 5
Polycirridae Amaena nr. antipoda (Augener, 1926) 2
Polycirridae Amaena trilobata (Sars, 1863) probable 6
misidentification
Polycirridae Lysilla loveni Malmgren, 1866 probable 6
misidentification
Polycirridae Lysilla pacifica Hessle, 1917 6
Polycirridae Polycirrus coccineus Grube, 1870 2
Polycirridae Polycirrus dodeka Hutchings, 1990 6
209
Presence by
Subregions
Polycirridae Polycirrus medusa Grube, 1850 6
Polycirridae Polycirrus multus Hutchings, 1990 6

Polycirridae Polycirrus nr. nervosus Marenzeller, 1884 2
Polycirridae Polycirrus quadratus Hutchings, 1990 6
Polycirridae Polycirrus trilobatus Sars, 1863 probable 6
misidentification
Polynoidae Adyte assimilis (McIntosh, 1900) as Scalisetosus assimilis 2
(McIntosh, 1900)
Polynoidae Arctonoella sinagawaensis (Izuka, 1912) 2
Polynoidae Asterophilia culcitae Britayev & 2
Fauchald, 2005
Polynoidae Australaugeneria michaelseni Pettibone, 1969 2
Polynoidae Australaugeneria rutilans (Grube, 1878) 2
Polynoidae Australonoe willani Hanley, 1993 26
Polynoidae Drieschia pelagica Michaelsen, 1892 2
Polynoidae Eulagisca sp. Mak, 1980 6
Polynoidae Gastrolepidia clavigera Schmarda, 1861 26
Polynoidae Gaudichaudius cimex* (de Quatrefages, Iphione cimex de 25
1866) Quatrefages, 1866
Polynoidae Halosydna brevisetosa Schmarda, 1861 6
Polynoidae Halosydna sp. Mak, 1980 6
Polynoidae Halosydnopsis pilosa (Horst, 1917) 2
Polynoidae Harmothoe ?dictyophora (Grube, 1878) 2
Polynoidae Harmothoe ampullifera (Grube, 1878) 23
Polynoidae Harmothoe dictyophora (Grube, 1878) 26
Polynoidae Harmothoe extenuata (Grube, 1840) 3
Polynoidae Harmothoe imbricata (Linnaeus, 1767) probable 6
misidentification
Polynoidae Harmothoe liaoi Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Harmothoe longisetis (Grube, 1863) 2
Polynoidae Harmothoe minuta (Potts, 1910) 6
Polynoidae Harmothoe nigricans Horst, 1855 6
Polynoidae Harmothoe sinensis Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Harmothoe sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Polynoidae Harmothoe turbinata Hanley & Burke, 2
1991
Polynoidae Harmothoe waahli Kinberg, 1856 3
Polynoidae Hermenia acantholepis (Grube, 1876) 26
Polynoidae Heteralentia ptycholepis (Grube, 1878) 26
Polynoidae Hololapidella commensalis Willey, 1905 6
210
Presence by
Subregions
Polynoidae Hololepidella laingensis Britayev, Doignon & 2

Eeckhaut, 1999
Polynoidae Hololepidella millari Britayev, Doignon & 2
Eeckhaut, 1999
Polynoidae Hololepidella nigropunctata (Horst, 1915) 2
Polynoidae Hololepidella sp. Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Polynoidae Hyperhalosydna striata (Kinberg, 1856) 2
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia izukai Imajima & Hartman, 26
1964
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia longicirrata Berkeley, 1923 26
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia maculata Potts, 1910 2
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia microlepis Potts, 1910 26
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia ocellata Treadwell, 1936 perhaps Lepidasthenia 6
interrupta (Marenzeller,
1902)
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia ohshimai Okuda, 1936 6
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia strelkovi Averincev & 2
Uschakov 1977
Polynoidae Lepidasthenia vietnamica Averincev & 2
Uschakov 1977
Polynoidae Lepidonopsus collinifer Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Lepidonotus carinulatus (Grube, 1870) 2367
Polynoidae Lepidonotus collinifer Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Lepidonotus cristatus (Grube, 1876) 6
Polynoidae Lepidonotus hainanicus Uschakov, 1982 as L. dentatus 2
hainanicus Uschakov,
1982 in Wu et al.
(1997)
Polynoidae Lepidonotus hedleyi Benham, 1915 23
Polynoidae Lepidonotus helotypus (Grube, 1877) 6
Polynoidae Lepidonotus jacksoni Kinberg, 1855 3
Polynoidae Lepidonotus minutus Treadwell, 1936 perhaps Lepidonotis 6
caelorus Moore, 1903
Polynoidae Lepidonotus sagamiana (Izuka, 1912) 2
Polynoidae Lepidonotus sp. Mak, 1980 6
Polynoidae Lepidonotus squamatus* (Linnaeus, 1767) Lepidonotus cf. 56
squamatus in Lee &
Glasby (2013) probably
belongs to this species
Polynoidae Lepidonotus tenuisetosus (Gravier, 1902) 26
Polynoidae Lucopia magnicirra Pillai, 1965 3
Polynoidae Nonparahalosydna pleiolepis (Marenzeller, 1879) Parahalosydna 6
chinensis Monro, 1928
211
Presence by
Subregions
Polynoidae Ophthalmonoe pettiboneae Britayev & Martin, 25

2006
Polynoidae Ophthalmonoe tonkinica (Uschakov, 1982) originally described as 2
Paralentia tonkinica
Uschakov, 1982
Polynoidae Paradyte crinoidicola (Potts, 1910) 2
Polynoidae Paradyte levis (Marenzeller, 1902) 2
Polynoidae Parahalosydnopsis hartmanae Pettibone, 1977 26
Polynoidae Paralentia annamita (Fauvel, 1934) as Halosydna (Alentia) 2
annaminta in Fauvel
(1934 & 1939)
Polynoidae Paralepidonotus ampulliferus* (Grube, 1878) as Paralepidonotus 25
ampullifera in Lee &
Glasby (2013)
Polynoidae Paralepidonotus indicus (Kinberg, 1856) Lepidontus indicus 25
Kinberg, 1856; as
Harmothoe boholensis
(Grube) in Fauvel
(1939)
Polynoidae Pararctonoella aphthalma Gallardo, 1968 Intoshella aphthalma 2
Gallardo, 1968
Polynoidae Pararctonoella holothuricola (Izuka, 1912) 2
Polynoidae Pottsiscalisetosus praelongus (Marenzeller, 1902) 2
Polynoidae Russellhanleya striata Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Scalisetosus fragilis (Claparède, 1868) possible synonym of 6
Subadyte pellicida
(Ehlers, 1864)
Polynoidae Scalisetosus longicirrus (Schmarda, 1861) 6
Polynoidae Subadyte micropapillata Barnich, Fiege & 2
Sun, 2004
Polynoidae Subadyte pellucida (Ehlers, 1864) as Scalisetosus 2
pellucidus (Ehlers,
1864)
Polynoidae Thormora jukesii Baird, 1865 236
Polynoidae Uncopolynoe corallicola Hartmann-Schrôder, 2
1960
Polynoidae Verrucapelma conifera Barnich, Fiege & as Lepidonotus 2
Sun, 2004 (Thormora) jukesii in
Fauvel (1936)
Pontodoridae Pontodora pelagica Greeff, 1879 6
Sabellariidae Idanthyrsus pennatus (Peters, 1854) 26
Sabellariidae Lygdamis indicus Kinberg, 1867 56
Sabellariidae Lygdamis nesiotes (Chamberlin, 1919) 6
Sabellariidae Neosabellaria cementarium (Moore, 1906) as Sabellaria 6
cementarium Moore,
1906
212
Presence by
Subregions
Sabellariidae Phragmatopoma sp. Huang et al., 2

2009
Sabellariidae Sabellaria alcocki Gravier, 1907 6
Sabellariidae Sabellaria spinulosa (Leuckart, 1849) 2
Sabellariidae Tetreres porrectus (Ehlers, 1908) as Lygdamis porrectus 6
(Ehlers, 1908)
Sabellidae Amphiglena mediterranea (Leydig, 1851) 2
Sabellidae Bispira tricyclia (Schmarda, 1861) 56
Sabellidae Branchiomma cingulata (Grube, 1870) 236
Sabellidae Branchiomma serratibranchis (Grube, 1878) as Dasychone 2
serratibranchis Grube,
1878
Sabellidae Chone infundibuliformis Krøyer, 1856 2
Sabellidae Chone sp. 4 Fitzhugh, 5
2002
Sabellidae Chone trilobata Gallardo, 1968 2
Sabellidae Euchone sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Sabellidae Hypsicomus phaeotaenia* (Schmarda, 1861) 256
Sabellidae Jasmineira caducibranchiata Willey, 1905 2
Sabellidae Laonome albicingillum Hsieh, 1995 6
Sabellidae Laonome andamanensis Fitzhugh, 2002 5
Sabellidae Megalomma cinctum Fitzhugh, 2003 probably same as 6
Megalomma sp. in
Sabellidae Megalomma pacificum (Johansson, 1927) 2
Sabellidae Megalomma vesiculosa (Montagu, 1815) 6
Sabellidae Myxicola infundibulum (Montagu, 1808) 6
Sabellidae Parasabella oculea Pillai, 1965 Potamilla oculea Pillai, 3
1965; Demonax oculea
(Pillai, 1965)
Sabellidae Parasabella rufovittata Grube in Peters Demonax rufovittata 5
(1881) (Grube in Peters, 1881)
Sabellidae Perkinsiana sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Sabellidae Potamilla ceylonica Augener, 1926 2
Sabellidae Potamilla ehlersi Gravier, 1908 2
Sabellidae Potamilla leptochaeta* Southern, 1921 5
Sabellidae Potamilla oligophthalma Grube, 1878 5
Sabellidae Potamilla torelli Malmgren, 1866 6
Sabellidae Pseudobranchiomma orientalis McIntosh, 1885 as Dasychone orientalis 6
McIntosh, 1885 and
Branchoimma orientalis
(McIntosh, 1885)
Sabellidae Pseudopotamilla reniformis* Bruguière, 1789 56
213
Presence by
Subregions
Sabellidae Pseudopotamilla sp. Al-Hakim & 5

Glasby, 2004
Sabellidae Sabella nudicollis Krøyer, 1856 2
Sabellidae Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 16
Sabellidae Sabella penicillus Linnaeus, 1767 6
Sabellidae Sabella sp. Mak, 1982 6
Sabellidae Sabella spallanzanii (Gmelin, 1791) as Spirographis 2
spallanzanii (Viviani,
1805) in Fauvel (1939)
Sabellidae Sabella sp. Mak, 1980 6
Sabellidae Sabellastarte japonica (Marenzeller, 1885) possible synonym of 26
Branchiomma cingulata
(Grube, 1870)
Sabellidae Sabellastarte santijosephi (Gravier, 1906) 6
Sabellidae Sabellastarte spectabilis* (Grube, 1878) synonym Sabellastarte 256
indica (Savigny, 1818)
as in Fauvel (1939);
Gallardo (1968); Hsieh
in Paxton & Chou
(2000); Tan & Chou
(1993); Wu et al.
(1975); Yang & Sun
(1988)
Sabellidae Stylomma palmatum (Quatrefages, 1866) synoynm Magalomma 3
intermedium (Beddard,
1889) as in Pillai
(1965)
Scalibregmatidae Scalibregma inflatum Rathke, 1843 probable 26
misidentification
Serpulidae Apomatus enosimae Marenzeller, 1884 6
Serpulidae Circeis spirillum (Linnaeus, 1758) probable 6
misidentification
Serpulidae Crucigera tricornis (Gravier, 1906) 2
Serpulidae Ficopomatus shenzhensis Li, Wang & Li, 6
2012
Serpulidae Ficopomatus telehsapensis Pillai, 2008 Ficopomatus 1
macrodon: ten Hove &
Weerdenburg (1978)
not Southern, 1921
Serpulidae Ficopomatus uschakovi (Pillai, 1960) as Neopomatus 3
ushakovi var.
lingayanensis Pillai,
1965
Serpulidae Hydroides albiceps Grube, 1870 6
Serpulidae Hydroides ancorispinus/ 2
malleolaspinus
complex
Serpulidae Hydroides centrospina Wu & Chen, 1981 6
Serpulidae Hydroides cf. rectus Straughan, 1967 2
Serpulidae Hydroides diramphus Morch, 1863 6
214
Presence by
Subregions
Serpulidae Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) 6

Serpulidae Hydroides exaltatus (Marenzeller, 1885) 6
Serpulidae Hydroides fusca Imajima, 1976 6
Serpulidae Hydroides grubei Pillai, 1965 3
Serpulidae Hydroides longispinosus Imajima, 1976 Senior synonym of 2
Hydroides centrospina
Wu & Chen, 1981
(Fiege & Sun 1999) as
reported in Paxton &
Chou (2000).
Serpulidae Hydroides longistylaris Chen & Wu, 1980 record of Hydroides 6
fusicola Morch, 1863
from Hong Kong by
Mak (1980, 1982) was
referred to this species
by Sun, ten Hove &
Qiu (2012)
Serpulidae Hydroides minax (Grube, 1878) 2
Serpulidae Hydroides nanhaiensis Wu & Chen, 1980 6
Serpulidae Hydroides norvegica Gunnereus, 1768 3
Serpulidae Hydroides operculatus (Treadwell, 1929) records of Hydroides 6
inornata from Hong
Kong by Mak (1982)
referrable to this
species (Sun, ten Hove
& Qiu 2012)
Serpulidae Hydroides rhombobulus Chen & Wu, 1980 6
Serpulidae Hydroides sanctaecrucis Kroyer in Morch, 6
1863
Serpulidae Hydroides tambalagamensis Pillai, 1961 6
Serpulidae Hydroides trilobulus Wu & Chen, 1980 6
Serpulidae Hydroides tuberculatus Imajima, 1976 2
Serpulidae Hydroides xishaensis Chen & Wu, 1978 6
Serpulidae Metavermilia acanthophora (Augener, 1914) 6
Serpulidae Metavermilia annobonensis Zibrowius, 1973 6
Serpulidae Metavermilia cf. inflata Imajima, 1977 6
Serpulidae Metavermilia cf. taenia Zibrowius, 1973 6
Serpulidae Neodexiospira foraminosus (Bush, 1904) as Spirorbis 2
foraminosus Bush, 1904
Serpulidae Neodexiospira treadwelli (Pillai, 1965) as Spirobis (Dexiospira) 3
treadwelli Pillai, 1965
Serpulidae Pomatoceros caeruleus Schmarda, 1861 species inquirendum 2
Serpulidae Pomatostegus actinoceras Morch, 1863 Mak (1982) 26
misidentified
this species as
Pomatostegus stellatus
Serpulidae Protula bispiralis (Savigny, 1822) a species complex 6
Serpulidae Protula palliata (Willey, 1905) 2
215
Presence by
Subregions
Serpulidae Protula sp. Fauvel, 1939 2

Serpulidae Protula sp. Fiege & Sun, 2
1999
Serpulidae Protula tubularia (Montagu, 1803) 6
Serpulidae Pseudovermilia xishaensis Sun & Yang, 2001 6
Serpulidae Salmacina amphidentata Jones, 1962 2
Serpulidae Salmacina cf. dysteri (Hyxley, 1955) 6
Serpulidae Salmacina incrustans Claparède, 1870 2
Serpulidae Semivermillia parapomatostega Wu & Chen, 1981 6
Serpulidae Serpula cf. granulosa Maranzeller, 1885 26
Serpulidae Serpula cf. vasifera Haswell, 1884 2
Serpulidae Serpula kaempferi (Kinberg, 1867) Zopyrus kaempferi 5
Kinberg, 1867
Serpulidae Serpula nanhaiensis (Sun & Yang, 2001) Semiserpula 6
nanhaiensis Sun &
Yang, 2001
Serpulidae Serpula sinica Wu & Chen in Wu Serpula (Paraserpula) 6
et al., 1979 sinica Wu & Chen in
Wu et al., 1979
Serpulidae Serpula sp. Mak, 1980 6
Serpulidae Serpula watsoni Willey, 1905 6
Serpulidae Spirobranchus cf. polytrema sensu Imajima, 1977 6
Serpulidae Spirobranchus corniculatus Pomatoceros luzonica 36
complex Grube, 1881 in Peters,
1881
Serpulidae Spirobranchus corrugatus Straughan, 1967 2
Serpulidae Spirobranchus decoratus Imajima, 1982 2
Serpulidae Spirobranchus gardineri Pixell, 1913 2
Serpulidae Spirobranchus gaymardi (Quatrefages, 1866) belongs to the S. 2
corniculatus complex
s.s. along with S.
corniculatus s.s. and
S. crucigerus (Grube,
1862), all of which
occur in the Indo-west
Pacific (Fiege & ten
Hove 1999). Previous
records of S. giganteus
and S. giganteus
corniculatus from the
SCS (Paxton & Chou
1997) are likely to
belong rather to the S.
corniculatus complex.
Serpulidae Spirobranchus giganteus (Pallas, 1766) 26
Serpulidae Spirobranchus jousseaumei (Gravier, 1908) 6
Serpulidae Spirobranchus kraussii (Baird, 1865) 126
Serpulidae Spirobranchus latiscapus (Marenzeller, 1884) 6
216
Presence by
Subregions
Serpulidae Spirobranchus maldivensis Pixell, 1913 6

Serpulidae Spirobranchus manilensis (Pillai, 1965) as Spirobranchus 3
kraussii manilensis
(Pillai, 1965)
Serpulidae Spirobranchus semperi (Philippi, 1844) 26
Serpulidae Spirobranchus sinensis Wu & Chen, 1981 possibly Spirobranchus 6
maldivensis Pixel, 1913
Serpulidae Spirobranchus tetraceros complex Pomatoceros tricornis 236
Grube, 1881 in Peters,
1881
Serpulidae Vermiliopsis glandigerus Gravier, 1906 6
Serpulidae Vermiliopsis infundibulum (Philippi, 1844) 6
Serpulidae Vermiliopsis pygidialis (Willey, 1905) 6
Serpulidae Vermillia umbilicata (Morch, 1863) Placostegus 3
(Omphalopoma)
umbilicatus Morch,
1863
Serpulidae Vinearia koehleri (Caullery & Mesnil, as Pileospira koehleri 6
1897) (Caullery & Mesnil,
1897)
Sigalionidae Ehlersileanira incisa (Grube, 1877) 6
Sigalionidae Euthalenessa digitata (McIntosh, 1885) 26
Sigalionidae Euthalenessa oculata (Peters, 1854) as Thalenessa oculata 6
(Peters, 1854)
Sigalionidae Euthalenessa tropica Hartman, 1954 as Thalenessa tropica 2
Hartman, 1954
Sigalionidae Fimbriosthenelais hirsuta (Potts, 1910) 27
Sigalionidae Horstileanira vanderspoeli Pettibone, 1970b 5
Sigalionidae Labioleanira yhleni (Malmgren, 1867) as Sthenolepis yhleni 6
(Mamgren, 1867)
Sigalionidae Pottsipelogenia gallardoi Pettibone, 1997 2
Sigalionidae Psammolyce antipoda Schmarda 2
Sigalionidae Psammolyce fijiensis McIntosh, 1885 2
Sigalionidae Psammolyce malayana Horst, 1913 3
Sigalionidae Sigalion asiaticus (Uschakov & Wu, 2
1965)
Sigalionidae Sigalion spinosus (Hartman, 1939) 6
Sigalionidae Sthenelais boa (Johnston, 1839) 26
Sigalionidae Sthenelais fusca Johnson, 1897 as Sthenelais sp. 2 in 25
Al-Hakim & Glasby
(2004)
Sigalionidae Sthenelais luxuriosa Grube, 1878 6
Sigalionidae Sthenelais mitsuii (Okuda, 1938) 2
Sigalionidae Sthenelais nami Gallardo, 1968; 2
Augener, 1927
Sigalionidae Sthenelais ralumensis Augener, 1927 2
217
Presence by
Subregions
Sigalionidae Sthenelais sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5

Glasby, 2004
Sigalionidae Sthenelais zeylanicia Willey, 1905 2
Sigalionidae Sthenelanella ehlersi (Horst, 1916) as Euleanira ehlersi 2
Horst, 1916
Sigalionidae Sthenolepis izuensis (Takahashi, 1938) 6
Sigalionidae Sthenolepis japonica (McIntosh, 1885) as Leanira japonica 26
McIntosh, 1885 in
Fauvel (1936, 1939);
listed under Sthenelais
by Paxton & Chou
(1990)
Sigalionidae Sthenolepis tentaculata (Horst, 1917) 6
Sigalionidae Thalenessa asiatica Uschakov & Wu, as Thalenessa spinosa 6
1959 asiatica Uschakov &
Wu, 1959
Sigalionidae Thalenessa stylolepis Willey, 1905 2
Sigalionidae Willeysthenelais cf. horsti Pettibone, 1971 5
Sigalionidae Willeysthenelais diplocirrus (Grube, 1875) 7
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) 26
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma boholense (Selenka, de Man & 4
Bülow, 1883)
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma cumanense* (Keferstein, 1867) 256
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley, 1898) 6
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma nanhaiensis Li, 1985 accepted as S. 26
rotumanum (Shipley,
1898) (Saiz-Salinas,
2015).
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma rotumanum (Shipley, 1898) 6
Sipunculidae Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka & Bülow, 6
1883)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus indicus Peters, 1850 26
(Austrosiphon)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 6
(Austrosiphon) 1883
Sipunculidae Sipunculus angasoides Chen, 1963 2
(Sipunculus)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus norvegicus Danielssen, 1868 2
(Sipunculus)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus nudus* Linnaeus, 1766 25
(Sipunculus)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus phalloides Pallas, 1774 2
(Sipunculus)
Sipunculidae Sipunculus robustus* Keferstein, 1865 256
(Sipunculus)
Sphaerodoridae Clavodorum sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Sphaerodoridae Ephesiella gallardi Fauchald, 1974 2
218
Presence by
Subregions
Sphaerodoridae Sphaerodorum sp. A Gallardo, 2

1967
Sphaerodoridae Sphaerodorum sp. B Gallardo, 2
1967
Sphaerodoridae Sphaerodorum vietnamense Fauchald, 1974 2
Spionidae Aonides sp. 6
Spionidae Dipolydora armata (Langerhans, 1880) 236
Spionidae Dipolydora cf. pilikia Ward, 1981 as Polydora cf. pilikia 6
Ward, 1981
Spionidae Dipolydora cf. tentaculata Blake & Kudenov, as Polydora cf. 6
1978 tentaculata Blake &
Kudenov, 1978
Spionidae Dipolydora socialis (Schmarda, 1861) ?Polydora cf. socialis 36
in Shin, 1982a
Spionidae Dispio latilamella Williams, 2007 3
Spionidae Laonice cirrata (Sars, 1851) as Laonice cf. cirrata 256
in Al-Hakim & Glasby
(2004)
Spionidae Malacoceros indicus* (Fauvel, 1928) Malacoceros cf. indicus 56
in Lee & Glasby (2013)
probably belongs to this
species
Spionidae Microspio sp. 6
Spionidae Minuspio cirrifera (Wiren, 1883) 6
Spionidae Nerine faughni Gallardo, 1968 2
Spionidae Nerinides sp. Gallardo, 1968 2
Spionidae Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901) probable 26
misidentification; as
Prionospio pinnata;
synonym Prionospio
africana Augener, 1918
Spionidae Paraprionospio sp. A Ong Che, 6
Qiu & Wu, 1998
Spionidae Paraprionospio sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Spionidae Polydora cavitensis Pillai, 1965 3
Spionidae Polydora cf. agassizi Claparède, 1869 6
Spionidae Polydora ciliata (Johnston) 2
Spionidae Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802 probably the same 6
species referred to
as Polydora ligni in
Spionidae Polydora fusca Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Polydora glycymerica Radashevsky, 1993 2
Spionidae Polydora robi Williams, 2000 3
Spionidae Polydora sp. Fauvel, 1936 2
219
Presence by
Subregions
Spionidae Polydora umangivora Williams, 2001 3

Spionidae Polydora villosa Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Polydora vulgaris Mohammad, 1972 2
Spionidae Polydorella dawydoffi Radashevsky, 1996 the only other species 123
in this genus reported
from the SCS is
P. novaegeorgiae
Gibbs, 1971 from
Hong Kong by Shin
(1982a); according
to Radashevsky
(1996) this record
belongs to the genus
Pseudopolydora.
Spionidae Polydorella kamakamai Williams, 2004 3
Spionidae Polydorella novaegeorgiae Gibbs, 1971 6
Spionidae Prionospio ?delta Hartman, 1965 as Prionospio 56
(Minuspio) ?delta
Hartman, 1965
Spionidae Prionospio ehlersi Fauvel, 1928 256
Spionidae Prionospio komaeti* Hylleberg & 5
Nateewathana, 1991
Spionidae Prionospio malayensis* Hylleberg & 25
Nateewathana, 1991
Spionidae Prionospio malmgreni* Claparède, 1870 56
Spionidae Prionospio multibranchiata Berkeley, 1927 as Prionospio 56
(Minuspio)
multibranchiata
Berkeley, 1927
Spionidae Prionospio rugosa Sagvaldadóttir, 1997 6
Spionidae Prionospio saccifera Mackie & Hartley, 6
1990
Spionidae Prionospio sishaensis Wu & Chen, 1964 6
Spionidae Prionospio steenstrupi Malmgren, 1867 probable 2
misidentification
Spionidae Pseudopolydora achaeta Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Pseudopolydora antennata Claparède, 1870 6
Spionidae Pseudopolydora cf. kempi japonica Imajima & Hartman, probably the same 6
1964 species referred to as
Pseudopolydora cf.
kempi in Paxton &
Chou (1997)
Spionidae Pseudopolydora corniculata Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Pseudopolydora gigeriosa Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata (Okuda, 1937) 6
220
Presence by
Subregions
Spionidae Pseudopolydora reticulata Radashevsky & 6

Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Pseudopolydora vexillosa Radashevsky & 6
Hsieh, 2000
Spionidae Pygospio elegans Claparède, 1863 6
Spionidae Rhynchospio asiatica (Clebovitsch, 1959) as Malacoceros 6
(Rhynchospio) arenina
asiatica Chlebovitsch,
1959 in Wu & Sun
(1978) and Paxton &
Chou (2000)
Spionidae Rhynchospio nhatrangi Radashevsky, 2007 2
Spionidae Scolelepis ?indica Fauvel, 1928 2
Spionidae Scolelepis alisonae Williams, 2007 3
Spionidae Spio cf. pettiboneae Foster, 1971 5
Spionidae Spio sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Spionidae Spiophanes berkeyorum Pettibone, 1962 6
Spionidae Spiophanes bombyx (Claparède, 1870) 6
Spionidae Spiophanes kroyeri Grube, 1860 5
Spionidae Spiophanes malayensis Caullery, 1915 6
Spionidae Spiophanes sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Spionidae Spiophanes sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Sternaspidae Caulleryaspis laevis Caullery, 1944 as Sternaspis laevis 5
minor Caullery, 1944
Sternaspidae Sternaspis scutata (Renier, 1807) 26
Sternaspidae Sternaspis sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Syllidae ?Autolytus sp. Fauvel, 1939 2
Syllidae Alcyonosyllis gorgoniacolo (Sun & Yang, 2004) Haplosyllis 6
gorgoniacola Sun &
Yang, 2004
Syllidae Alcyonosyllis phili Glasby & Watson, 2
2001
Syllidae Amblyosyllis sp. Fauvel, 1936 as Pterosyllis sp. 2
Fauvel, 1939
Syllidae Autolytus orientalis Willey, 1905 2
Syllidae Autolytus robustisetus Wu & Sun, 1978 6
Syllidae Autolytus sp. Fauvel, 1936 2
Syllidae Autolytus triangulifer Grube, 1878 25
Syllidae Branchiosyllis exilis (Gravier, 1900) as Syllis exilis Gravier, 27
1900 in Fauvel (1936);
synonym Branchiosyllis
abranchiata Hartmann-
Schröder, 1965
221
Presence by
Subregions
Syllidae Brania diaphana Ding & Westheide, 2

2008
Syllidae Dentatisyllis hongkongensis Ding, Licher & 6
Westheide, 1998
Syllidae Dentatisyllis mortoni Ding, Licher & 6
Westheide, 1998
Syllidae Ehlersia cf. rosea Imajima, 1966 6
Syllidae Ehlersia ferrugina Langerhans, 1881 6
Syllidae Ehlersia heterochaeta (Moore, 1909) 7
Syllidae Ehlersia japonica (Imajima, 1966) 2
Syllidae Ehlersia rosea (Imajima, 1966) 7
Syllidae Erinaceusyllis nana Ding & Westheide, 2
2008
Syllidae Eurysyllis nanshaensis Sun & Yang, 2004 7
Syllidae Eusyllis cf. irregulata Imajima, 1966 6
Syllidae Eusyllis edenticulata Pillai, 1965 3
Syllidae Exogone dispar (Webster, 1879) 7
Syllidae Exogone gemmifera (Pagenstecher, 1862) 2
Syllidae Exogone verugera (Claparède, 1868) 267
Syllidae Haplosyllides aberrans (Fauvel, 1939) Syllis (Haplosyllis) 27
aberrans Fauvel, 1939
Syllidae Haplosyllis sp. 1 Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Syllidae Haplosyllis sp. 2 Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Syllidae Haplosyllis spongicola* (Grube, 1855) as Syllis spongicola 2567
Grube, 1855 in Fauvel
(1936)
Syllidae Haplosyllis spongicola (Marion, 1879) 6
tentaculata
Syllidae Haplosyllis uncinigera (Grube, 1878) Haplosyllis hainanensis 27
Sun, 1996
Syllidae Inermosyllis sp. Britayev & 2
Antokhina, 2012
Syllidae Lapithas steenstrupi Kinberg, 1866 5
Syllidae Myrianida pachycera (Augener, 1913) also as Myrianida cf. 6
pachycera
Syllidae Myrianida sp. Fauvel, 1939 reported as Sacconereis 26
sp. in Fauvel (1939)
Syllidae Odontosyllis gibba Claparède, 1863 probable 6
misidentification
Syllidae Odontosyllis gravelyi Fauvel, 1930 2
Syllidae Odontosyllis hyalina Grube, 1878 35
Syllidae Odontosyllis polycera (Schmarda, 1861) 2
Syllidae Odontosyllis rubrofasciata Grube, 1878 26
222
Presence by
Subregions
Syllidae Opisthosyllis australis Augener, 1913 2

Syllidae Opisthosyllis brunnea Langerhans, 1879 6
Syllidae Parapionosyllis sp. Fauvel, 1939 2
Syllidae Parasphaerosyllis ezoensis Imajima & Hartman, 27
1964
Syllidae Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 2
Syllidae Parasphaerosyllis setoensis Imajima, 1966 7
Syllidae Parautolytus luzonensis Pillai, 1965 3
Syllidae Parexogone lineata Ding & Westheide, 6
2008
Syllidae Perkinsyllis homocirrata (Hartmann-Schröder, as Pionosyllis 2
1958) homocirrata
(Hartmann-Schröder,
1958)
Syllidae Petitia amphophthalma Siewing, 1956 2
Syllidae Pionosyllis ehlersiaeformis Augener 2
Syllidae Pionosyllis sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Syllidae Proceraea setoensis (Imajima, 1966) as Autolytus setoensis 6
Imajima, 1966
Syllidae Proceraea sp. Fauvel, 1939 as Polybostrichus sp. 2
Fauvel, 1939
Syllidae Prosphaerosyllis fujianensis Ding & Westheide, 6
2008
Syllidae Prosphaerosyllis hongkongensis Ding & Westheide, 6
2008
Syllidae Psammosyllis wui Ding & Westheide, 2
1997
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis glandulata Perkins, 1981 7
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis hystrix Claparède, 1863 26
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis jungei Ding & Westheide, 2
2008
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis longicauda Webster & Benedict, 7
1887
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis qiquani Ding & Westheide, 6
2008
Syllidae Sphaerosyllis tenuis Ding & Westheide, 6
2008
Syllidae Streptosyllis baolingi Ding & Westheide, 2
1994
Syllidae Streptosyllis hainanensis Ding & Westheide, 2
1994
Syllidae Syllides sanyaensis Ding & Westheide, 2
1997
Syllidae Syllidia hongkongensis Ruta & Pleijel, 2006 6
Syllidae Syllis amica Quatrefages, 1865 26
223
Presence by
Subregions
Syllidae Syllis cornuta Rathke, 1843 as Langerhansia 267

cornuta (Rathke, 1843);
as Ehlersia cornuta
(Rathke, 1843) in Yang
& Sun (1988), Shin
(1982a), and Sun &
Yang (200)
Syllidae Syllis gracilis* Grube, 1840 2567
Syllidae Syllis solida* Grube, 1878 nomen dubium 5
Syllidae Syllis sp. Gallardo, 1967 as Langerhansia sp. 2
Gallardo, 1967
Syllidae Syllis variegata Grube, 1860 as Syllis (Typosyllis) 26
variegata in Wu et al.
(1975)
Syllidae Syllis armillaris (Müller, 1776) as Typosyllis armillaris 26
(Müller, 1771) in Wu
et al. (1980) and Sun
& Yang (2004); as
Syllis closterobranchia
Schmarda, 1861in
Fauvel (1936); as
Syllis (Typosyllis)
closterobranchia
Schmarda, 1861 in
Fauvel (1939)
Syllidae Trypanosyllis gigantea (McIntosh, 1885) 2
Syllidae Trypanosyllis taeniaformis (Haswell, 1886) as Trypanosyllis 267
(Trypanedenta)
taeniaformis (Haswell,
1886) in Mak (1980)
and Sun & Yang (2004)
Syllidae Trypanosyllis zebra (Grube, 1860) 26
Syllidae Typosyllis aciculata orientalis Imajima & Hartman, 267
1964
Syllidae Typosyllis alternata (Moore, 1908) 26
Syllidae Typosyllis benguellana Day, 1963 6
Syllidae Typosyllis exilis Gravier, 1900 as Syllis (Typosyllis) 23
exilis in Fauvel (1936)
Syllidae Typosyllis exilis var. Augener as Syllis (Typosyllis) 2
fuscosuturata exilis var. fuscosuturata
in Fauvel (1936)
Syllidae Typosyllis fasciata Malmgren as Syllis (Typosyllis) 2
fasciata in Fauvel
(1936)
Syllidae Typosyllis glandulosa (Augener, 1913) 7
Syllidae Typosyllis hyaliyna (Grube, 1863) 27
Syllidae Typosyllis inflata Marenzeller as Syllis (Typosyllis) 2
inflata in Fauvel (1936)
Syllidae Typosyllis krohnii Ehlers, 1864 as Syllis (Typosyllis) 2
krohnii in Fauvel
(1936)
224
Presence by
Subregions
Syllidae Typosyllis maculata Imajima, 1966 267

Syllidae Typosyllis magnipectinis (Storch, 1967) 2
Syllidae Typosyllis monilata Imajima, 1966 6
Syllidae Typosyllis okadai (Fauvel, 1934) as Syllis (Typosyllis) 2
okadai in Fauvel (1936)
Syllidae Typosyllis pectinans Haswell, 1920 6
Syllidae Typosyllis prolifera (Krohn, 1852) 27
Syllidae Typosyllis regulata Imajima, 1966 267
Syllidae Typosyllis silkeae Licher, 1999 6
Syllidae Typosyllis sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Syllidae Typosyllis sp. 2 Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Syllidae Typosyllis sp. Gallardo, 1967 2
Syllidae Typosyllis taiwanensis Licher, 1999 6
Syllidae Typosyllis variegata (Grube, 1860) as Syllis (Typosyllis) 267
variegata in Fauvel
(1936)
Syllidae Westheidesyllis corallicola (Ding & Westheide, Pionosyllis corallicola 2
1997) Ding & Westheide,
1997
Telothelepodidae Rhinothelepus lobatus Hutchings, 1974 6
Telothelepodidae Rhinothelepus occabus Hutchings, 1990 6
Terebellidae Amphitrite cirrata Müller, 1771 6
Terebellidae Amphitrite nesidensis Delle Chiaje, 1828 6
Terebellidae Amphitrite oculata Hessle, 1917 6
Terebellidae Euploymnia umbonis Hutchings, 1990 6
Terebellidae Eupolymnia marenzelleri (Caullery, 1944) 6
Terebellidae Eupolymnia nebulosa (Montagu, 1818) 26
Terebellidae Eupolymnia sp. Mak, 1980 6
Terebellidae Lanice auricula Hutchings, 1990 6
Terebellidae Lanice conchilega (Pallas, 1766) as Nereis conchilega 6
Pallas, 1766 in
Hutchings (1986)
Terebellidae Loimia bandera Hutchings, 1990 6
Terebellida Loimia cf. medusa* (Savigny, 1818) as Loimia medusa 5
sensu Lee & Glasby in Tan & Chou
(2013) (1993). Probable
misidentification
Terebellidae Loimia ingens (Grube, 1878) 6
Terebellidae Loimia medusa (Savigny, 1818) as Terebella medusa 126
Savigny, 1818
Terebellidae Longicarpus glandulus Hutchings & 6
Murray, 1984
225
Presence by
Subregions
Terebellidae Longicarpus nodus Hutchings, 1990 6

Terebellidae Neoleprea amoyensis Monro, 1934 6
Terebellidae Nicolea gracilibranchis* (Grube, 1878) 235
Terebellidae Pista christata (Müller, 1776) 6
Terebellidae Pista fasciata (Grube, 1869) 16
Terebellidae Pista typha (Grube, 1878) 236
Terebellidae Pista violacea (Hartmann-Schröder, 6
1984)
Terebellidae Proclea sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Terebellidae Terebella copia Hutchings, 1990 6
Terebellidae Terebella ehrenbergi Grube, 1870 236
Terebellidae Terebella lapidaria Linnaeus, 1767 6
Terebellidae Terebella pterochaeta McIntosh, 1885 2
Thelepodidae Streblosoma bairdi (Malmgren, 1866) 6
Thelepodidae Streblosoma cespitosa (Willey, 1905) 2
Thelepodidae Streblosoma duplicata Hutchings, 1990 6
Thelepodidae Streblosoma prora Hutchings & Glasby, 6
1987
Thelepodidae Thelepus binakayanensis Pillai, 1965 3
Thelepodidae Thelepus gracilis* (Kinberg, 1855) 5
Thelepodidae Thelepus opimus Hutchings, 1990 6
Thelepodidae Thelepus plagiostoma (Schmarda, 1861) 2
Thelepodidae Thelepus pulvinus Hutchings, 1990 6
Thelepodidae Thelepus setosus* (Quatrefages, 1865) probable 25
misidentification
Themistidae Themiste cymodoceae (Edmonds, 1956) 2
(Lagenopsis)
Themistidae Themiste lageniformis (Baird, 1868) 26
(Lagenopsis)
Themistidae Themiste spinulum Chen, 1963 2
(Lagenopsis)
Tomopteridae Tomopteris apsteini Rosa, 1908 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris cavalii Rosa, 1908 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris duccii Rosa, 1908 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris dunckeri Rosa, 1908 as Tomopterus 26
(Johnstonella) dunkeri
Rosa, 1908 in Fauvel
(1939)
Tomopteridae Tomopteris elegans Chun, 1888 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris helgolandica Greeff, 1879 7
Tomopteridae Tomopteris krampi Wesenberg-Lund, 67
1936
226
Presence by
Subregions
Tomopteridae Tomopteris ligulata Rosa, 1908 6

Tomopteridae Tomopteris mariana Greef, 1885 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris nationalis Apstein, 1900 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris pacifica Izuka, 1914 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris planktonis Apstein, 1900 6
Tomopteridae Tomopteris rolasi Greef, 1885 as Tomopterus 26
(Johnstonella) rolasi
Greef, 1882 in Fauvel
(1939)
Tomopteridae Tomopteris septentrionalis Steenstrup, 1849 6
Trichobranchidae Artacamella sp. Al-Hakim & 5
Glasby, 2004
Trichobranchidae Filibranchus cf. roseus Malm, 1874 as Filibranchis sp. from 6
Taiwan reported in
Trichobranchidae Terebellides narribri Hutchings & Peart, 5
2000
Trichobranchidae Terebellides sieboldi Kinberg, 1867 5
Trichobranchidae Terebellides stroemi* Sars, 1835 1256
Trichobranchidae Trichobranchus roseus Malm, 1874 2
Trochochaetidae Trochochaeta cf. orissae (Fauvel, 1932) 6
Trochochaetidae Trochochaeta diverapoda (Hoagland, 1920) 6
Typhoscolecidae Sagitella kowalevskii Wagner, 1872 6
Typhoscolecidae Travisiopsis cornuta Ehlers, 1913 as Sagitella cornuta 2
Ehlers, 1913
Typhoscolecidae Travisiopsis dubia Stop-Bowitz, 1948 6
Typhoscolecidae Travisiopsis levinseni Southern, 1910 6
Typhoscolecidae Travisiopsis lobifera Levinsen, 1885 6
Typhoscolecidae Typhloscolex muelleri Busch, 1851 26
Typhoscolecidae Typhloscolex phyllodes Reibisch, 1895 6
RESULTS
a score does not mean the taxon does not occur there (more The SCS Annelida is represented by 1257 species comprising
likely is it reflects lack of knowledge). 73 families (Table 1). Of these species, at least 289 were
originally described from the region and the remainder
Old records with a generalised location, for example (968) were originally described from outside the region. Of
‘Philippines’ (e.g., in Mörch, 1863; Grube, 1878) or ‘China’ the 968 species described outside the region, about 41 are
were not included in the checklist because of the high probable misidentifications, given that their type localities
likelihood that these records would fall outside the limits are in boreal, arctic or subantarctic waters; the remainder are
of the SCS as defined here. likely to represent a mixture of misidentifications, species
complexes, and truly widespread species, and therefore
Similarly, species reported from rivers and streams far from should be targets for future systematic studies.
the sea in countries bordering the SCS, e.g., the frabriciid
Caobangia, were not included. The majority of species (72%) reported from the SCS occur
in a single subregion, 20% occur in two subregions and 8%
occur in three or more subregions. The poor representation
227
of some subregions in the data (subregions 1,4,7) is likely to in part because the concept of Annelida has changed over
be the result of sampling bias, so it is not possible at present recent years. Comparisons of the better-known families are
to make general conclusions on endemism at the subregional more informative. For example, comparing the top six most
or regional (SCS) levels. Lane et al. (2000) also note the diverse families in the SCS (2 LMEs) with figures from
lack of echinoderm data from subregion 7, which includes Australia (7 LMEs, data from Hutchings et al. (2000)), we
the Nansha (= Spratly) island reefal system. find the following: Nereididae (134 SCS/86 AUS species),
Syllidae (100/77+), Polynoidae (76/~87), Serpulidae (71/88),
Families showing the highest diversity in the SCS include Spionidae (60/81) and Eunicidae (59/~40). Diversity levels
Nereididae (134/574/23% species), Syllidae (100/569/18%), are similar between the SCS and Australia for four families
Polynoidae (76/578/13%), Serpulidae (71/629/11%), (Polynoidae, Serpulidae, Spionidae, Eunicidae), but for
Spionidae (60/622/10%), and Eunicidae (59/535/11%); Nereididae and Syllidae, their relative dominance in the
numbers in order represent SCS species, total number species SCS is again apparent. In the case of Nereididae taxonomic
in the World (WoRMS ‘show all child taxa’), and SCS effort is likely to be similar between regions, so the high
species as a percentage of World species. The Nereididae diversity of the group in the SCS appears to be real. Reasons
and to a lesser extent Syllidae appear to be disproportionally for this could be many, but the ability of many members of
well represented in the SCS region. At the other end of the the Nereididae to tolerate low salinities could give this group
scale, Scalibregmatidae with a single species among 216 selective advantage over other annelid groups in a region
worldwide (0.5%) is very poorly represented. At the generic such as the SCS that experiences high freshwater input (river
level, Euniphysa (Eunicidae) has six species within the SCS flow and precipitation), particularly at certain times of the
out of nine worldwide and is very well represented in the year (Fang et al., 2009). Reasons for both the high diversity
region; other members occur in the wider Indo-Pacific and of Syllidae and the low diversity of Scalibregmatidae are
Mediterranean. Euniphysa is a rare example of narrowly more likely related to taxonomic effort.
distributed annelid genus. As noted by Lu & Fauchald (2000)
the group likely has a Tethyan origin. The waters surrounding Singapore, Bangka Straits, and Straits
of Malacca (located in subregion 5) appear to have both Indian
A total of 121 annelid species belonging to 37 families Ocean species and tropical Australian species, suggesting
are listed in the waters surrounding Singapore, Bangka possible biogeographic overlaps, where a continuous habitat
Straits, and Straits of Malacca, within subregion 5 (Table and temperature range suitable for these species occur. The
1). Nereididae again is the most diverse family (24 species), number of species reported from the Singapore region is low
followed by Eunicidae (14 species). The 121 species include compared to the SCS region as a whole or when compared
33 that thus far have only been reported from Singapore. to the entire subregion 5, which has about 268 species
belonging to 54 families. This is almost certainly due to a
The SCS region is home to 19 species that are utilised gap in taxonomic knowledge as a result of the intermittent
directly by humans. Twelve species are used as baitworms by taxonomic efforts within this part of the SCS over the years
fishers (Antillesoma antillarum (Grube, 1858); Namalycastis and the lack of studies of pelagic species compared to areas
abiuma species group (Grube, 1872); N. rhodochorde nearer the Chinese coast (subregions 2 and 6). Taxonomic
Glasby, Miura, Nishi & Junardi, 2007; Marphysa moribiddi efforts in Singapore and its encompassing islands have also
Idris, Hutchings & Arshad, 2014; Paraleonnates uschakovi been largely focussed on the intertidal and benthic species
Khlebovitch & Wu, 1962; Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube, (e.g., Monro, 1931; Chan, 2009; Tan & Chou, 1993, 1994,
1878; Perinereis brevicirris (Grube, 1878); Perinereis 1996, 1998; Lee & Glasby, 2015a, b).
mictodonta (Marenzeller, 1879); Perinereis nuntia (Savigny
in Lamarck, 1818); Perinereis quatrefagesi (Grube, 1878); ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Halla okudai Imajima, 1967; and Diopatra claparedii Grube,
1878. In addition, Perinereis brevicirris and Perinereis The National University of Singapore and the Singapore
quatrefagesi (Grube, 1878) are also cultured for feed for Ministry of Foreign Affairs are gratefully acknowledged
the prawn (shrimp) industry. One species, the nereidid for the invitation and funding to attend the ‘Workshop on
Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus (Quatrefages, 1866), is caught Marine Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Cooperative Project
during spawning (swarming) period and consumed by the under the ASEAN-China Declaration on the Conduct of
people of southern China and Indo-China. Three species the Parties in the South China Sea’, held at the National
of sipunculans and one species of echiuran are considered University of Singapore, 31 July–4 August 2012. The
a delicacy by the people of southern China: Sipunculus Singapore Strait marine biodiversity workshop was held
(Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766, Siphonosoma australe on St. John’s Island, Singapore from 20 May to 7 June
australe (Keferstein, 1865), Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) 2013, and was organised by the National Parks Board and
arcuatum (Gray, 1828), and Urechis unicinctus (von Drasche, National University of Singapore. The workshop, as part of
1881). They form the basis of a variety of dishes eaten there. the Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey (CMBS)
benefited greatly from generous contributions provided by
DISCUSSION Asia Pacific Breweries Singapore, Care-for-Nature Trust
Fund, Keppel Care Foundation, Shell Companies in Singapore
Comparison of total annelid biodiversity between LMEs in and The Air Liquide Group. CJG would like to thank Tan
the world is difficult because data are scarce or non-existent, Koh Siang, Tropical Marine Science Institute, Singapore,
228
for facilitating this collaborative project. LY-L would like Chan WMF (2009) New Nereidid records (Annelida: Polychaeta)
to thank the Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey from mangroves and sediment flats of Singapore. Raffles
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(Polychaeta, Serpulida). Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,
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11(3): 247–250.
Chen Y (1963) A preliminary report on the gephyrean fauna of
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Marine Annelida (Excluding Clitellates and Siboglinids) From The South China Sea

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Article · January 2016

Christopher J. Glasby Yen-ling Lee

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RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY Supplement No. 34: 178–234

Marine Annelida (excluding clitellates and siboglinids) from the South

Key words. Polychaeta, Sipuncula, Echiura, Myzostomida, checklist, distribution, diversity

INTRODUCTION relevant experts. This will enable a more complete analysis

Chou (2000) and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014) reflected the

Aberantidae Aberranta sulcata Mackie, Pleijel & as Aberranta sp. 6

Acoetidae Acoetes melanonota (Grube, 1876) as Polyodontes 236

Alciopidae Rhynchonereella gracilis Costa, 1864 6

Amphinomidae Amphinome rostrata (Kinberg, 1867) Amphinome luzoniae 236

Aphroditidae Aphrodita japonica Marenzeller, 1879 6

Capitellidae Mastobranchus sp. Gallardo, 1968 2

Chaetopteridae Mesochaetopterus formosana Nishi & Hsieh, 2009 6

Cirratulidae Aphelochaeta filiformis Keferstein, 1862 as Ciratulus filliformis 6

Cirratulidae Tharyx filibranchia Day, 1961 probable 6

Echiuridae Thalassema mortenseni Fischer, 1923 6

Eunicidae Euniphysa aculeata* Wesenberg-Lund, synonym Euniphysa 25

Eunicidae Marphysa mossambica* (Peters, 1854) synonym Nauphanta 56

Flabelligeridae Pherusa sp. A Gallardo, 25

Glyceridae Glycera sp. Wu et al., 1975 6

Hesionidae Hesione intertexta Grube, 1878 236

Hesionidae Oxydromus sp. Al-Hakim & 5

Lumbrineridae Lumbrineris acutiformis Gallardo, 1968 2

Maldanidae Clymenella cincta (Saint-Joseph, 1894) 6

Nephtyidae Aglaophamus munamaorii Gibbs, 1971 6

Nereididae Ceratonereis marmorata Horst, 1924 as Nereis (Ceratonereis) 26

Nereididae Leonnates jousseaumei* Gravier, 1911 256

Nereididae Neanthes pachychaeta (Fauvel, 1918) as Ceratonereis 26

Nereididae Nereis nigripes Ehlers, 1868 2

Nereididae Perinereis floridana Ehlers, 1868 also known as 26

Nereididae Perinereis weijhouensis Wu, Sun & Yang, possibly a synonym of 6

Oenonidae Drilonereis filum Claparède, 1868 2

Onuphidae Protodiopatra willemoesii (McIntosh, 1885) as Paradiopatra 6

Orbiniidae Naineris laevigata (Grube, 1855) 2

Pectinariidae Pectinaria capensis (Pallas, 1766) as Pectinaria 6

Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter, 1902) 6

Phyllodocidae Phyllodoce dissotyla Willey, 1905 as Phyllodoce 2

Pilargidae Sigambra phuketensis Licher & Westheide, questionably same 56

Polycirridae Polycirrus multus Hutchings, 1990 6

Polynoidae Hololepidella laingensis Britayev, Doignon & 2

Polynoidae Ophthalmonoe pettiboneae Britayev & Martin, 25

Sabellariidae Phragmatopoma sp. Huang et al., 2

Sabellidae Pseudopotamilla sp. Al-Hakim & 5

Serpulidae Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) 6

Serpulidae Protula sp. Fauvel, 1939 2

Serpulidae Spirobranchus maldivensis Pixell, 1913 6

Sigalionidae Sthenelais sp. 1 Al-Hakim & 5

Sphaerodoridae Sphaerodorum sp. A Gallardo, 2

Spionidae Polydora umangivora Williams, 2001 3

Spionidae Pseudopolydora reticulata Radashevsky & 6

Syllidae Brania diaphana Ding & Westheide, 2

Syllidae Opisthosyllis australis Augener, 1913 2

Syllidae Syllis cornuta Rathke, 1843 as Langerhansia 267

Syllidae Typosyllis maculata Imajima, 1966 267

Terebellidae Longicarpus nodus Hutchings, 1990 6

Tomopteridae Tomopteris ligulata Rosa, 1908 6

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