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Idiosyncrasy
- 1. According to the syllabus based on “PHARMACY COUNCIL OF INDIA”
- 2. Idiosyncrasy Everyone has their idiosyncrasies. It turns OUT; they may also have idiosyncrasies involving medications! This lesson explains what an idiosyncrasy is in the pharmaceutical world and point out some examples as well. What Is Idiosyncrasy? When your doctor prescribes a medication, neither you or the doctor expect it to be a life-threatening drug, but sometimes it is just that. In pharmacology, Idiosyncrasy refers to an idiosyncratic reaction, which is an adverse effect to an agent, such as a drug, which does not occur in most patients who've used the same agent. That shouldn't be too surprising. In lay terms, when we say someone has a certain idiosyncrasy, we refer to a habit or mannerism that's peculiar to that person. Well, an idiosyncratic reaction is an abnormal event, stemming from the use of a compound, which is peculiar (specific) to an individual. This lesson expounds upon this topic a bit more and gives you some examples of it. Causes: To be clear, an idiosyncratic reaction is abnormal in nature and is therefore not possible to predict who may develop one, when, or what specific form it will take ahead of time. While the good news is that idiosyncratic reactions aren't all that common, the bad news is that when they do occur, many tend to be life-threatening in nature.
- 3. Why do idiosyncratic reactions occur? There is no single answer here. But it involves any combination of important factors like the person's genetic make-up, their immune system's response to the drug, and the chemical structure and other characteristics of the drug itself. Examples: Virtually any organ of your body can be affected by an idiosyncratic reaction. However, it's the skin, liver, and blood cells that are most commonly affected. Some of the idiosyncratic reactions will target a specific organ while others can affect many organs at the same time. Again, how one plays out is difficult, if not impossible, to predict ahead of time. If doctors knew you'd have one ahead of time, they wouldn't give you the drug in the first place! The most common form of idiosyncratic reaction is a skin rash. This might be the case because the skin has a lot of immune system cells and molecules that can play a part in the development of an idiosyncratic reaction. Or it may be the case because even mild skin rashes are easily noticed and reported while mild idiosyncratic reactions affecting internal organs may go unnoticed. The type of skin rash could be something like hives, or it could even be a life-threatening 'rash' where the skin peels off the person. What does drug idiosyncrasy mean? “Drug idiosyncrasy" refers to untoward reactions to drugs that occur in a small fraction of patients and have no obvious relationship to dose or duration of therapy. The liver is a frequent target for toxicity”. THANK YOU!