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Reptiles
- 3. Photo Album OF SOME REPTILES
- 11. General Characters of Reptiles Dry body covered with scales. Reptile scales develop as surface cells filled with keratin, the same protein that forms your fingernails and hair. Toes have claws They have limbs with five toes for movement (except most of those in the order Squamata) Their jaw structures are built for crushing prey Most reptiles lay hard-shelled amniotic eggs.
- 12. Subclass-1: Anapsida Skull roof solid No opening behind eye.
- 13. Subclass-1: Anapsida Order-1: Cotylosauria Order-2: Mesosauria Order-3: Chelonia
- 14. Order-1: Cotylosauria •Having complete cranial roof •Jaw teeth are poorly developed. •Limbs are feebly and project laterally Example: Captorhinus
- 15. Order-2: Mesosauria •Body is slender in shape, which is measured not more than a meter. •Hind leg more powerful than for leg . •Tail laterally compressed. Example: Mesosaurus
- 16. Order-3: Chelonia •Body broad, encased in a firm “shell” of rounded dorsal carapace and flat ventral plastron •Body covered by leathery skin •No teeth, jaws with horny sheaths Example: Chelonia mydas
- 17. Subclass 2: Synapsida Primitive skull roof with lower opening behind eye Which is bounded above by postorbital and squamosal.
- 18. Subclass 2; Synapsida Order-4: Pelycosauria Order-5: Therapsida
- 19. Order-4: Pelycosauria •It has a large skull with a temporal holes at the back of each eye on the side, a unique trait of synapsid skull •Limbs are short •Had two types of teeth in it's mouth, like a mammal, shearing teeth and sharp canine teeth Example: Dimetrodon
- 20. Order-5: Therapsida •The temporal opening of the skull was big. •The teeth are distinctly differentiated into the incisors, canines and molars • Permian into triassic • Few jurassic Example: Moschops
- 21. Subclass-3: Euryapsida Skull roof with Upper opening behind eye Which is bounded below by postorbital and squamosal.
- 22. Subclass-3: Euryapsida Order-6: Araeoscelidia Order-7: Sauropterygia
- 23. Order-6: Araeoscelidia •Looked like any other small, lizard-like proto- reptile • Some euryapsid (upper temporal fenestra only), but jugal still bifurcated • Long necks Example: Araeoscelis
- 24. Order-7: Sauropterygia •It was distinguished by its small head, • Long and slender neck, •Broad turtle-like body, • A short tail, and two pairs of large, elongated paddles Example: Plesiosaurus
- 25. Subclass-4: Ichthyopterygia Skull roof with Upper opening behind eye Which is bounded below by postfrontal and supratemporal.
- 26. Subclass-4: Ichthyopterygia Order-8: Ichthyosauria
- 27. Order-8: Ichthyosauria •length measuring about 10-15 meter •Head was large with a elongated snout •Limbs were paddle like Example: Ichthyosaurus
- 28. Subclass-5: Lepidosauria Skull roof with 2 openings behind eye Which is separated by a bar formed by postorbital and squamosal No anteorbital opening
- 29. Subclass-5: Lepidosauria Order-9: Eosuchia Order-10: Rhynchocephalia Order-11: Squamata
- 30. Order-9: Eosuchia •The skull was much wider posteriorly. •The maxilla was convex ventrally and much deeper. •The lower temporal bar was complete. •Several rows of teeth lined the jaws and palate Example: Youngina
- 31. Order-10: Rhynchocephalia •Skull with two pairs of arches •MaleTuataras lack a penis or other copulatory organ •Have teeth that are set squarely on the jawbone Example: Sphenodon
- 32. Order-11: Squamata •Lizards and snakes •Skin with horny epidermal scales •Quadrate bone moveable Example: Naja naja
- 33. Subclass-6: Archosauria Many of which tended toward bipedal locomotion Usually an anteorbital space in skull
- 34. Subclass-6: Archosauria Order-12: Thecodontia Order-13: Crocodilia Order-14: Saurischia Order-15: Ornithischia Order-16: Pterosauria
- 35. Order-12: Thecodontia •Sharp teeth present on the jaw edges •Long hind legs and tail • Narrow skull Example: Saltoposuchus
- 36. Order-13: Crocodilia •With four short, splayed legs •long, powerful tail •The snout is elongated and includes a strong pair of jaws •The nostrils, eyes, and ears are situated on the top of its head Example: Crocodylus acutus
- 37. Order-14: Saurischia •Neck and tail is the longest •4- footed •They are bipedal •Teeth are born from the premaxilla Example: Brontosaurus
- 38. Order-15: Ornithischia •Duck- billed dinosaurs •Two 0r four footed •Horned and armored Example: Triceratops
- 39. Order-16: Pterosauria •They are flying reptiles •Forelimb with wing membrane •Some time no tail or long tail Example: Pteranodon
- 40. Group-C Members Roll No=117476, 107411, 107413, 107414, 107417, 107419, 107425, 107426, 107430, 107436, 107438, 107441, 107448, 107451, 107462, 107463, 107464, 107471, 093480
- 41. Reference Storer et.al(1983), general zoology, 6th edition, TATA MCGRAW HILL PUBLISHING CO.LTD, New Delhi.
- 42. Thanks to All of You