BONE GROWTH
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pedagogy on Epiphysis and apophysis
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BONE GROWTH
- 1. EPIPHYSIS AND APOPHYSIS DR.HRUSHIKESH JUNIOR RESIDENT DEPT OF ORTHOPAEDICS SDUMC, KOLAR
- 2. • A Typical long bone consists of Diaphysis Metaphysis Epiphysis
- 3. Epiphysis Two cartilaginous ends of a growing bone are known as epiphysis Consists of spongy bone with thin outer wall of compact bone
- 4. Types of Epiphysis • PRESSURE EPIPHYSIS –Develops in line of weight transmission at articular ends of long bones. Eg:- Head of humerus & lower end of radius • This protect the epiphyseal cartilage from stress and strain during growth period. • TRACTION EPIPHYSIS –Develops at the sites of attachment of certain muscles which exert a pulling action. Eg:-Greater trochanter of femur& tubercles of Humerus
- 5. • ATAVESTIC EPIPHYSIS –Phylogenitically they are separate bones but in human they lose their independent identity and are fused with other bones. Eg:- Corocoid process of scapula • ABERRANT EPIPHYSIS –Metacarpal bones possess only one epiphysis at their distal end except the 1st which has its epiphysis at its proximal end only. When an epiphysis develops at the other end it is known an aberrant epiphysis. 2nd and/or 5th metacarpal bone may develop an epiphysis at its proximal end which is called an aberrant epiphysis
- 6. Development • Epiphysis develop from secondary centres of ossification. • They develop by process of enchondral ossification.
- 7. • Injuries involving epiphyseal growth plate are classified by Salter-Harris classification Classified into 5 types based on fracture line
- 8. Apophysis • An apophysis is a normal developmental outgrowth of a bone which arises from a separate ossification centre and fuses to the bone later in development. • Occasionally an apophysis can persist into adult life and if injured may become symptomatic. • The many apophyses in the body have variable appearances and are often mistaken for fractures.
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