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Editorial 

Annual General Meeting, 1990 

Hon. Secretary's Report 

Hon. Treasurer's Report 

Elections 

Exhibits and Slides 

Committee for Wales, 1990-91 

Statement of. accounts 1990 

CONTENTS 

29th Welsh Annual General Meeting and 

9th Exhibition Meeting 

Whorled Caraway, Carum verticillatum (L.) Koch, in Lleyn 

The Clubmosses in N.E. Carmarthenshire 

Training Plants in Glamorgan 

Welsh Plant Records, 1988 

EDITORIAL 

Bulletin No. 50 was very well received. It prompted several 

favourable comments expressing approval of the contributions from 

each Welsh recorder outlining the present level of botanical 

knowledge in each vice-county. It also served very well to 

contrast the ways by which each individual deals with the many 

problems encountered, often dictated by the size and degree of 

remoteness of each area. There is certainly a need to encourage 

a greater number of competent botanists to turn their attentions 

to Wales - especially the more inaccessible parts. My own 

experience shows it to be impossible to comprehensively record a 

large county to tetrad level in a reasonable time without a 

substantial measure of help of a small number of reliable 

surveyors. I am sure that there is a source of local talent just 

waiting to be tapped, in the guise of the "sleeping" Welsh 

B.S.B.I. members, a few of whom are present in most parts of 

Wales. 

There seems to be no shortage of material for inclusion in the 

Welsh Bulletin at present. Several topical papers are presented 

in this issue together with the 1988 plant records - continuing 

the series intended to bring the back-log up to date. Having 

said that the continuing supply of articles depends on you, the 

readership, please do not hesitate to send me copy on any aspect 

of the Welsh flora which may be of interest to fellow botanists. 

The programme of 1991 Welsh field meetings is included below, 

together with the agenda and arrangements for the A.G.M. and 

Exhibition Meeting to be held at Trelleck near Monmouth in early 

July. The standard of accommodation is very high and I can 

strongly recommend it, so please make every effort to attend, not 

forgetting to bring exhibits and slides. Trevor Evans will lead 

local field excursions in conjunction with the A.G.M. which will 

give a brief insight into the Gwent flora. 

I, and the other Wales committee IT.embers, look forward to seeing 

you there and at other venues through the season. 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

11 

24 

32 

Richard Pryce, 17th April 1991 

All back issues of the BSB! Welsh Bulletin are still available 

on-request (originals or photocopies). Please send cheque 

made payable to BSBI Committee for \,ales at £1 per issue, ,,,hi ch 

includes p & p, to G. Hutchinson, Department of Botany, 

National Museurr of \,ales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, eFl 3NP, 

specifying the issue number or year "'hich ",ould have to include 

the season or month. Large runs - price negotiable.

Mr Evans then took the Chair and paid tribute to all the hard work 

Jean Green had put in on behalf of the Society in Wales during her 

term of office, a sentiment that was warmly applauded by all present. 

Vice-Chairman 

Mr Paul Day was nominated by the Committee for the post of 

vice-chairman and in the absence of any further nominations was 

approved unanimously. 

Officers 

The Hon. Secretary, R.G. Ellis and Hon. Treasurer, R.D. Pryce, were 

both nominated for re-election to their respective posts and, in the 

absence of any other nominations from the floor, were duly elected. 

Committee Members 

S.B. Evans, G. Hutchinson, Q.O.N. Kay and G. Wynne were due to retire 

under rule 5 of the constitution and were eligible for immediate 

re-election. All four members had indicated their willingness to stand 

again, and, in the absence of any any other nominations from the 

floor, were duly re-elected to serve on the Committee for Wales for a 

period of two years. Mrs J.A. Green was nominated by the Committee for 

Wales to fill the vacancy caused by T.G. Evans' election as Chairman 

and in the absence of any any other nominations from the floor, was 

duly elected, to serve on the Committee for Wales for a period of one 

year. 

Under Any Other Business a motion to co-opt Mrs EIsa Wood, Secretary 

of the BSBI's Conservation Committee, to the Committee for Wales, was 

proposed by Nigel Brown seconded by David Humphreys and passed 

unanimously. 

Mrs M. Wainwright, commenting on the proposition that Welsh Plant 

Records would in future give four-figure map references, thought that 

this could sometimes be undesirable. R.G. Ellis (editor), stressed 

that the four-figure map reference would only be included if the 

recorder agreed. 

In the absence of any other business, the chairman declared the 

Annual General Meeting closed and invited Nigel Brown to deliver his 

talk on the 'Flora of Caernarfonshire Recording Project'. Following 

this, a very enjoyable time was spent looking around the glasshouses 

and gardens. Members reassembled after dinner at Bangor Normal College 

for the exhibition, slides and videos. 

Nigel Brown 

Ann Conolly 

Gwynn Ellis 

Trevor Evans 

Jean Green 

Exhibits 

Interesting native plants at Treborth 

West Lleyn Flora 

Aconitum x cammarum in West Lleyn 

Index to British Vascular Plants 

Recent additions to the Library of the National Museum 

of Wales 

Aspects of the Monmouthshire flora 19S5-S9 

stachys aJpina in Denbighshire 

Carex x gaudiniana in Denbighshire 

5

George Hutchinson Distribution of Dryopteris filix-mas agg. in Wales 

Distribution of Polypodium in Wales 

Distribution of Asplenium trichomanes in Wales. 

Slides 

Ann Conolly : Plants of the Lleyn Peninsula 

: Welsh AGM Ferryside, 1989 

Geoffrey Battershall : Arctic/alpine plants of Snowdonia 

COMMITTEE FOR WALES, 1990-1991 

Following the election of officers and members at the Quadrennial and 

Annual General Meeting, the composition of the Committee for Wales is 

as follows: 

Officers Chairman 

Vice-chairman 

Secretary 

Treasurer 

Mr T.G. Evans 

Mr P. Day 

Mr R. G. Ell i s 

Mr R.D. Pryce 

Committee members 

Mr N. Brown* Mr S.B. Evans 

Mrs J.A. Green* Dr G. Hutchinson 

Dr D.R. Humphreys* Dr Q.O.N. Kay 

Mr R.G. Woods* Dr G. Wynne 

Co-opted Mrs E. Wood 

*Members due to retire in 1991 

Receipts 

statement of Accounts from 1 Jan. 1990 to 31 Dec. 1990 

BSBI Welsh Bulletin Subs. 

Wales AGH Accommodation 

Ferryside Heeting 

Accommodation 

£ 

92.50 

777 .50 

353.97 

Payments 

Bulletin 49 production & envelopes 

AGM Accommodation 

Ferryside Heeting Accommodation 

£ 

69.98 

706.38 

303.32 

Total £1223.97 Total £1079.68 

Carried forward from 1989 (General & Special Accounts) 

Excess receipts over payments 1990 

Current Account Balance 

Deposit Account Balance 

6 

£ 

162.26 

144.29 

Total £306.55 

117.40 

189.15 

Total £306.55

Programme 

29th WELSH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 

AND 

9th EXHIBITION MEETING, 1991 

Friday 5th July to Monday 8th July 1991 

CAER LLAN CONFERENCE CENTRE, LYDART, nr MONMOUTH, GWENT 

Friday: 6.30pm Dinner 

7.30pm Visit to some local orchid sites 

Saturday: 10.00am Meet at Caer Llan for Field Meeting. The 

morning and early afternoon will be spent 

looking at several rich habitats in the 

area 

Sunday: 

3.45pm Tea and meeting of Committee for Wales 

4.30pm Annual General Meeting 

5.00pm The Flora of Gwent, an illustrated talk by 

Trevor Evans 

6.30pm Dinner 

7.30pm Exhibition Meeting and slide show 

10.00am Meet at Ca er Llan for field meeting several 

sites further afield 

6.30pm Dinner 

Monday:. Disband after breakfast with opportunity to record in 

tetrads on the way home. 

Accommodation (twin rooms with single supplement) will be 

available at Caer Llan at approx £20 per day, but the meeting is 

also open to non-residents. 

Please apply for accommodation booking forms and maps of meeting 

places, or send bookings for the field meetings to Mr R.G. Ellis, 

Department of Botany, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, 

Cardiff, South Glamorgan, CF1 3NP. 

7

WHORLED CARAWAY, CARUM VERTICILLATUM (L.) Koch, IN LLEYN 

The Lleyn peninsula occupies a central position -in the 

distribution of Carum verticillatum in western Britain. This 

atlantic species was recorded in Lleyn from a single locality in 

the last century (Griffith, c.1895), and has subsequently been 

found in a number of places in the east of the peninsula (Ellis, 

1983). Following a survey of semi-natural habitats in the west 

of the district over the period 1920-2, Rees (1928) listed C. 

verticillatum as an infrequent component of damp heath (rhoST and 

rush pasture, and he recorded it from a group of ten sites to the 

north of Pwllheli. Further localised records have accumulated 

from the 1950's onwards, mostly compiled by Mr Arthur Vaughan 

Jones, but the eastern half of the peninsula has never been 

thoroughly worked floristically, unlike west Lleyn where the 

flora has been systematically recorded by Miss Ann Conolly. 

Recently, we have had the opportunity to make floristic records 

from mires, heaths and grasslands during a preliminary survey of 

habitats over the whole of the peninsula, carried out during 

1987-8 by the Nature Conservancy Council (Howe et al., 1990). A 

number of new localities for C. verticillatum were discovered, 

and these are combined here with earlier records to provide a 

brief synopsis of the available information about its 

distribution in Lleyn. 

All records have been included in the 1 km square distribution 

map of C. verticillatum shown in Fig. 1. (Detail in the locality 

given for the early record by Griffith (c.1895) is misleading as 

it is not near Abersoch as implied (A.P. Conolly, in litt., 

1988)). 

Survey results have confirmed that C. verticillatum is local and 

scarce in Lleyn. Most of the records are clustered in a central 

area of the peninsula, where it occurs in damp pastures 

associated with headwater streams of the Afon Erch, Afon Ddwyryd 

and Afon Rhyd-hir; elsewhere it is known from a handful of 

scattered eastern localities in the catchments of other southflowing 

rivers. All localities are low-lying, ascending from a 

little above sea level to 150m. C. verticillatum has been 

recorded most frequently in Lleyn in wet Juncus acutiflorus and 

J. effusus pastures, but it also occurs in Molinia vegetat,ion and 

occasionally in drier acidic and neutral grasslands. In other 

parts of Wales, C. verticillatum is notably catholic in its 

associations, occurring in a wide range of acidic-neutral 

grassland, marsh and flush communities, as in Carmarthenshire 

(v.c. 44), for instance, where it is locally very frequent 

(Pryce, 1987). 

The underlying causes responsible for the restricted distribution 

of C. verticillatum in Lleyn are not all readily apparent. 

Juncus, Molinia and other wet grasslands are still relatively 

abundant in the east of the peninsula (Fig. 2), but many 

apparently suitable sites are unoccupied. Altitudinal and 

climatic factors, agricultural activities, and also perhaps 

limited means of dispersal, may all be involved. However, 

changes in land drainage and pasture management have undoubtedly 

influenced its local frequency; over half of the sites where it 

was recorded by Rees (1928) are now improved grassland. 

8

Acknowledgements 

We are. very grateful to Ann Conolly and Gwynn Ellis for providing 

details of early records. 

References 

Ellis, R.G. (1983). Flowering plants of Wales. National Museum 

of Wales, Carditt. 

Griffith, J.E. (c.1895). The Flora of Anglesey and 

Caernarvonshire. Bangor. 

Howe, E.A., Rimes, C.A. & Blackstock, T.H. (1990). A habitat 

survey of the Lleyn peninsula. Nature Conservancy 

Council report, Bangor. 

Pryce, R.D. (1987). Carmarthenshire Flora project progress in 

1986. BSBI Welsh Bull. 45, 15-22. 

Rees, J. (1928). A preliminary surve h of the rough pastures of 

Llyn feninsula. Unpublis ed MSc thesis, University 

of Wa es. 

T.H. Blackstock, E.A. Howe & C.A. Rimes, Nature Conservancy 

Council, Penrhos Road, Bangor, G\o/ynedd, LL57 2LQ. 

10

district. After we had come to know Mrs Vaughan she told us 

about it, and I think it must have been the place she had 

principally in mind in her reference to "Mynydd Mallaen" quoted 

in May's list. 

There followed a long period during which, regrettably, we 

did little further monitoring. Perhaps the most important 

indirectly relevant event here was the initiation of the Commons 

Registration scheme, which was certainly under way before 1972, 

the year in which we settled at Eithin for good. As a result of 

this scheme the Mallaen was officially registered as a common 

managed by a Grazier's Association of the surrounding farms. It 

was long before I fully appreciated that the very similar country 

(as it then was) to the Nand E was privately owned and was 

therefore open to the improvement and afforestation which has 

since largely supervened. We recently came to hear of one 

population, no. (xvii), which had already disappeared in this way 

about 1960, and others may well have followed in the Nant-yr-Ast 

- Penrhiwiar sector, where there have been considerable changes. 

1982 saw the inception of the Carmarthenshire Flora Survey, 

and we had a new reason to return to the Mallaen, and to cover it 

more systematically. In 1985 we encountered Huperzia for the 

first time, first near the headwaters of the Merchon, nos. (v) 

and (vi), and later above Bwlch-y-Rhiw, (ix); on the W side of 

the Gwenlais, (xii); and along the upper Nant-y-Clun and on 

Craig Diferion, (xiv) and (xv). The Lycopodium populations (vii) 

and (viii) opposite the HUEerzia on the upper Merchon, and (x) 

and (xi) on the hillside a ove the Gwenlais also came to light 

during this period. In 1990 we learned of the extinct composite 

population near Blaen-Twrch, (xvii), which greatly extended the 

potential range, and by the courtesy of Mr Pickup, the Warden of 

the Gwenffrwd reserve, who devoted a long morning to showing it 

to me, I was able to see the widespread composite population 

(xviii) beside the upper Nant Gelynen. 

However this picture of an unsuspected wealth of resources 

is sadly illusory and simply reflects a more thorough search. In 

fact in recent years there has undoubtedly been a decline, and 

some populations have vanished almost as soon as found. Already 

in 1987 the Lycopodium populations (vii) and (viii) on the upper 

Merchon were much reduced, and although another dead LWcopodium 

fragment, (xiii), seen about this time further to the , led me 

to hope that there might be another colony in the area, nothing 

has appeared so far. In 1989, when we took Richard Pryce to see 

the plants at the head of the Merchon, all the Lyco¥odium had 

completely disappeared and all that could be seen 0 the Huperzia 

were a few depauperate plants on one wet rocky outcrop more or 

less in the centre of the previous array. At about the same time 

the Gwenlais Lycopodium populations (x) and (xi) seemed to have 

disappeared. In fact this year (1991) one plant of population 

(x) was re-discovered, and careful search might reveal a remnant 

of (xi), but of their drastic reduction there can be no doubt. 

12

I am certain that the cause is grazing pressure. Evidence 

for this lies not only in the detached strands and fragments of 

Lycopodium but in the fact that practically the only active 

plants ot this species now to be found lie hidden within some 

shrubby growth. As for Huperzia, it is the situations which are 

telling: in colonies (ix) and (xxi) the plants are confined to 

crevices between boulders; (xii) is deep within a large heather; 

and the plants in (xiv) are hidden in deep shade under stream 

banks. I was surprised to hear from Hr Pickup that his 

predecessor had recommended grazing as a course of management for 

the Gwenffrwd population, and I think he was rather surprised to 

find the colony by no means as robust as he had visualised. A 

grazing regime would be a counsel of perfection, to ensure light 

and control competitors, if the total population were perhaps 

50-fold the size, but what is there at present simply needs to 

survive, and clearly, though the plants might not welcome shade, 

they tolerate it. It is worth noting that the problem seems 

especially urgent in the case of the lycopods. In general, what 

might be thought the "standard" complement of moorland species 

seems to cope. 

The three species differ in their response. No reason can 

be seen for the fact that Diphasiastrum seems now to be more 

restricted in its distribution than the others, but at four of 

its localities it flourishes, and at the Gwenffrwd site it is the 

only one of the three species of which this could be said. It is 

the only species which in Hay's time was said to be "plentiful". 

It appears to be rhizomatous, and thus able to produce fresh 

aerial shoots indefinitely. Lycopodium, on the other hand, is 

definitely stoloniferous. I have not dared to disinter a plant 

to find out how it originates, but certainly the greater part 

consists of long trailing runners, woven in the turf and with 

only occasional adventitious roots, which are easily pulled out. 

The miniature fruticose habit of Huperzia would go in a single 

mouthful. Neither of these species seems able to regenerate, 

either from the base like a rosette plant, or from fresh shoots 

like heather. 

The common status of the Mallaen is ambivalent: though 

free of the threat of ploughing and re-seeding it is never 

without sheep, and in certain seasons is heavily stocked. A 

contributory factor here is the increasing bracken cover, which 

squeezes the grazing into smaller and smaller areas. (Even this 

though is two-edged: Lycopodium will hide under light bracken 

cover!) And in this regard there is a further cause for concern. 

Though one attempt in the neighbourhood of Craig Rhosan a good 

many years ago seems not to have been very successful, the 

temptation to tackle the bracken by spraying must always be at 

the back of people's minds, and I wonder whether anyone at 

present knows how specific to Pteridium such sprays might be. It 

should, I feel, be a matter of BSBI concern to sound out the 

manufacturers on this point. Quite apart from the lycopods, 

there are colonies of Phegopteris, possibly Gymnocarpium 

dryopteris, and certainly one, and reputedly two sites·tor 

14

Hymenophyllum wilsonii on the Mallaen to consider. In any case 

spray can drift far off course. Would the SSSI designation 

protect the site effectively in such an instance? 

It seems that the possibility of applying for ESA status 

has been considered in the case of the Mallaen. This would 

involve an all-round reduction in stock which would probably 

require a unanimous decision from the graziers. So far nothing 

seems to have transpired. The only other possible answer would 

seem to be selective enclosure; and from first principles this 

is taboo on a common. Whether a reasoned application to the 

landlords (who are, I believe, the Crown Commissioners) and the 

graziers would be heard sympathetically is an open question. The 

Mallaen has the weight of SSSI status, but clearly such an 

unusual appeal would have to be well reasoned, and here I, for 

one, feel helplessly ill-informed on all matters of ecology and 

regeneration. Many questions arise. What kind of area would be 

meaningful? Could there be any basis for advancing even a 

provisional estimate of range of spore dispersal? How long do 

plants take to develop? What are the substrate requirements? 

Both Hyde, Wade & Harrison (1978) and Clapham, Tutin & Warburg 

(1962) speak of micorrhizal symbiosis in the prothallus. Does 

the adult plant also depend on a fungal associate? If so, is 

this specific, or might it be one which could be borrowed from 

other symbionts such as heather? It seems we desperately need to 

know more. 

It has been suggested that aspect is of some significance. 

I have rather come to doubt this. The aspects of the first 21 

sites or observations listed in the.Summary below are as follows: 

(i) - unknown; (ii) - mainly S; (iii) - origin unknown; (iv) 

W; (v) - NE; (vi) - open; (vii) - SW; (viii) - S; (ix) - N; 

(x) - S; (xi) - SW; (xii) - E; (xiii) - origin unknown; (xiv) 

- mostly so shaded as to be immaterial, but, in the case of 2 

plants, E; (xv) - N; (xvi) - N; (xvii) - open; (xviii) - NW: 

(xix) - origin unknown; (xx) - SW: (xxi) - NE. This does not 

seem to be very conclusive. 

There remains the question of propagation with a view to 

the ultimate possibility of effecting re-introductions. All the 

species disperse spores and have a life-cycle with a prothallus 

stage similar to that of ferns. However Huperzia, in addition to 

this, is said to propagate itself mainly or "only" (Clapham, 

Tutin & Warburg, l.c.) vegetatively, by means of small propagules 

called "gemmae" in the literature. It would be of enormous 

advantage to have the results of controlled experiment on optimum 

conditions for germination and growth, whether of spores or 

propagules. -It might even be possible to by-pass any germination 

difficulties through tissue culture. Also, as already indicated, 

it would seem of particular importance to determine whether the 

sporophyte plant depends on a fungal symbiont, and, if so, what 

the identity and range of specificity of this might be. 

15

However all this would require high-powered techniques and 

it is to be feared that the question will not lie very high on 

the list of priorities. Short of such an investigation little 

can be done except to rescue and attempt to revive fragments and 

seek to rear Huperzia propagules. As regards the first, Huperzia 

fragments can sometimes be persuaded into growth if they already 

have some roots; in the case of Lycopodium it is not clear 

whether the occasional adventitious roots will become 

sufficiently functional to support growth or whether they can 

only act as (very inefficient!) anchors. I'm currently awaiting 

the outcome of my attempt to grow on a dislodged, but apparently 

viable, fragment of Lycopodium found on the moor following 

uprooting by sheep. Diphasiastrum I have no experience of. As 

regards detached Huperzia propagules, the season of detachment 

may be relevant. In August 1989 we found some detached Huperzia 

fragments on Cader Idris, and I stripped these of propagules 

immediately. Only three propagules have survived out of about a 

dozen, and only one has made any growth, to about 8 mm. One of 

the surviving parent fragments developed fresh propagules this 

year. I left these until December, by which time they would fall 

off at a touch. Again I await the result of setting this second 

batch to root. 

The Huperzia propagules or gemmae look like additional 

rather bright green leaves in the axils of the normal leaves 

towards the apex of the shoot, and in the mass give a bushy, 

rather brilliant appearance to the plant. Each is in fact 

composite. I have not come across an illustration in the 

literature and so include a sketch of one gemma (fig.2). It 

consists of three slightly fleshy proto-leaves fused into an 

undifferentiated base which bears two small stipule-like 

processes. 

Fig. 2. 

Gemm.a of HUperZlQ 

Adu.xla.L face 

Might I end on a query which is only topographically 

related? The Mallaen inclines very slightly to a summit at the N 

which bears two tumuli; beyond this, on the brink of the N 

slope, lies a line of outcrops or crags. The summit tumuli are 

called Crugiau Merched, and the line of outcrops the translation, 

Creigiau Ladies: it would seem that at some point, since there 

are two features, the supposed original name and its translation 

were irrationally distributed between them. I have heard (though 

unfortunately I cannot remember how or when) that the basis of 

the name is Craig Gwladys, and that Gwladys was the wife of (?) 

Caractacus. The monumental tumuli lend a little plausibility to 

the suggestion. If this is so, it is the English which is a 

garbled version of the original and the Welsh is merely a 

superfluous translation of the misunderstanding. Can anyone 

confirm this or add anything to it?

Lycopodium are concerned it probably indicates (iv) below. 

(xviii) below is again fairly accessible and will 

undoubtedly have been much more abundant at the time. 

(iii) 74M. In the late 1960's various detached fragments of 

Lycopodium were found on the Mallaen. This one was on the 

E sector of the moor, so far as I can remember, at 

approximately the position shown. 

(iv) 74G. Extensive colony of intermixed Lycopodium and 

Diphasiastrum on the steep E hillside above the Gwenlais, 

running in a broad belt for some hundreds of yards from 

the sharp corner at 729426 northwards to a scree. Known 

since late 1960's. 

(v) 

(vi) 

(vii) 

Re-visited regularly, the last time in late 1990 when it 

seemed stable and was fruiting. 

The main associates are Calluna, Vaccinium myrtillus and 

Empetrum. Blechnum is common, and so are various mosses 

which I wish I knew better; one, a. tantalising lycopodmimic, 

I take to be Dicranum scoparium. There is a 

scattering of Potentilla and Jasione and very sporadic 

Deschampsia flexuosa, but in general not a great deal to 

attract sheep. A possible danger is that the hillside 

might be fired, but as it is difficult of access and would 

probably be unproductive anyway this seems unlikely. 

Mrs Vaughan knew this site, and it is probably one of 

those intended in the reference "Mynydd Mallaen" in May's 

list. 

74A. Isolated Hu¥erZia on bare red earth in a little 

hillside recess 0 the kind made (?) or at any rate used 

by sheep as snugs, beside track sloping NW-wards from the 

footpath which skirts Rhiw Cilgwyn down to the upper Afon 

Merchon, c. 717417, April 1985. Subsequently vanished, at 

least by 1989. 

74A. Close to above: extended scattered colony of 

Huperzia c.717418 along a mostly flat strip of ground 

bordering the Merchon to the S, in a variety of microhabitats, 

wet and dry, May 1985. Difficult to monitor: 

re-visited once before 1989; in 1989 found to be reduced 

to a few depauperate plants on an isolated wet outcrop. 

74A. Colony of Lycopodium, amongst Calluna, extending 

over a few yards ot steep rocky shoulder in NE angle 

between the Merchon and its last tributary to the N, c. 

715419, roughly opposite the W part of (vi) above, May 

1985. Monitoring as for (vi); found to be shrinking, and 

entirely vanished by 1989. 

18

possibility of bird-carriage from a distance at some 

stage. We walked the length of the Nant Bai and back by 

the promising-looking open ridge to the N but found no 

sign of a source. It might at least be thought that such 

a fragment could hardly be very ancient, for presumably it 

would be likely to disintegrate over a winter season. It 

might be worth searching the open hillsides in the 

direction of Ystradffin. 

(xx) 74G. 1 Lycopodium in Calluna in NE angle between Afon 

Gwenlais and unnamed N tributary, 734423, beside the 

footpath mentioned under (x) before this crosses the 

tributary and starts to climb. 

First seen in September 1990. We cannot be sure that it 

is new, but the path is the regular route to the moor via 

the upper reaches of the Gwenlais and we must have passed 

the spot scores of times. It is natural to link the 

plant with colony (x). The altitude is strikingly low: 

the site can hardly be more than 500' A.O.D. As it is a 

natural point of passage both for people and for sheep we 

constructed a guard of pegged branches. At the time of 

writing (January 1991) both this and the plant are 

intact. 

(xxi) 64Q. Huperzia "in recesses of rocks" of Carn Fawr, 

669503, A.P. Fowles, August 1987, reported in BSBI Welsh 

Bulletin, No. 50, Winter 1990. 

(xxii) 74L. Composite population W of Craig y Rhaeadr comprising 

(a) 1 Lycopodium beside small outcrop, 756434; 

(b) 5 Huperzia, S face of large dry gulley, the height of 

a large tree down from the skyline, in heather-brush on 

slanting strata, with small colony of Diphasiastrum a 

little higher and further S on sloping turf, 755437; 

(c) A little to 

on a level with 

small Huperzia; 

small flat area 

N, at edge of steep descent to waterfall 

upper branches of ivy-covered Sorbus, 10 

plus 3 more below tree, in heather, near 

beside river. Again 755437. 

(xxiii)74L. Extended colony of Diphasiastrum E of and parallel 

with unnamed N tributary of Nant y Rhaeadr, among 

Vaccinium, Empetrum and Calluna above and below wellmarked 

sheep track, 755439. 

(xxiv) 74L. Scattered population of HUEerzia and Diphasiastrum 

along S bank of Nant y Rhaeadr a ove waterfall, comprising 

(a) scattered Huperzia (1 very large, in deep shade at 

eye-level under heather on large ivy-covered outcrop) E 

and W of sheepfold on W side of small unnamed S tributary, 

with small Diphasiastrum colony W of sheepfold, 753438; 

21

(b) 1 large Huperzia at edge of Nant y Rhaeadr, 752439; 

(c) small Huperzia colony near lone Betula at junction of 

2nd unnamed S tributary, including 1 large plant under 

heather on outcrop just above tree, and c. 8 more, rather 

depauperate, in exposed flush at slightly higher level, 

751439. 

I am most grateful to Mr David Davies for sparing the 

time to show me the plants at (xxiii) and (xxiv), which I 

had not known before. 

(xxv) 74L. A few small Huperzia in exposed flush amid very 

scanty Nardus and E. tetralix on slope above S bank of 

Nant Rhosan and in cleft just below, with 4 more just to E 

in moss humus on steep damp rocks exactly opposite unnamed 

N tributary, 750429. 

(xxvi) 741. Small colony of intermixed Lycopodium and 

Diphasiastrum, with 2 isolated Huperzia, in cropped 

Vaccinium - F. ovina turf at edge of steep descent, Craig 

Llys-fedw, 739462. (E of Craig Diferion.) 

(xxvii)74P. Small colony of Huperzia on NW side of unnamed S 

tributary of Afon Pysgotwr just beyond boundary fence of 

wooded area, including 1 large plant in recess under N end 

of horizontal slab colonised by Rhacomitrium and 

Polytrichum spp. on NW side of gnarled Hawthorn beside 

waterfall, with 5 smaller plants in turf or moss humus 

scattered a few paces below, 759485. 

(xxviii) 74P. Cribyn du, SW bank of Afon Pysgotwr. As 

approached from the SE, the first part of the slope below 

the Cribyn du crags is bracken-covered and unpromising, 

and this is followed by extensive bare scree. There was 

not time to examine the crags above, which are 

unexpectedly well wooded, or to proceed further than 

753489. The fruitful area was mostly found to be beyond 

the scree, perhaps 200' up from the Pysgotwr, around the 

unnamed S tributary at 755487. This tributary is double, 

running in two parallel channels. A composite population 

was seen, comprising 

(a) a fairly extensive colony of Diphasiastrum, mixed 

with some Huperzia, in short Vaccinium - F. ovina turf on 

open hillside some 20 paces W of W channel; 

(b) some 15 Lycopodium at same level, in disjunct 

patches, a few plants just to W of W channel, the 

remainder between the channels on poor mixed substrate, 

plus a few additional patches of Lycopodium between the 

channels at a somewhat higher level (the indication of 

22

this population on the map is mesleading: by comparison 

with others it is now considered that the symbol should be 

large); 

(c) many scattered Huperzia in short turf between two 

very large slanting exposures of strata E of E channel; 

(d) 3 outlying Huperzia to NW: 2 plants below crag 

beside Pysgotwr opposite hugh Ilex at 753489; 1 plant on 

large isolated outcrop diagonarry-up hillside to the S. 

The following promising localities were searched without finding 

specimens: 

74M. Craig Beynon, edge of steep descent, 752450. 

74M. Craig Troed-y-rhiw-fer, edge of steep descent, 

759450. 

The following localities of former records near to the present 

(xxii) and (xxiii) (R.G. Woods, 1980) were searched without 

finding any specimens: 

74L. Huperzia, 754436. The site is a gentle turf slope 

with occasional bracken amid frequent outcrops, heavily 

grazed. 

74L. Lycopodium and Diphasiastrum, 753433. The site is a 

long gentle slope now heavily encroached upon by bracken. 

Lastly it has unfortunately not been possible to monitor the 

following old record: 

Lycopodium clavatum, Carmarthenshire, Caeo, Pigyn Sion 

Nicholas, 22/66-35-, 1848, William Davies, in I.K. Morgan 

in BSBI Welsh Bulletin No. 47: 18-19 (Spring 1989). 

References 

Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F.(1952), Flora of 

the British Isles, 2nd. ed. (1962). 

Hyde, H.A. and Wade, A.E. (1940), Welsh Ferns, Clubmosses, 

Quillworts & Horsetails, 6th. ed. revised S.G. Harrison (1978). 

May, R.F. (1967). A List of the Flowering Plants & Ferns of 

Carmarthenshire. 

J. ILIFF, EITHIN TEWION, CILYCWM, LLANDOVERY, DYFED SA20 OTF 

23

TRAINING PLANTS IN GLAt-l0RGAN 

The Victorian slaves built the railways west of Cardiff reaching 

the Swansea area by the early 1850's. Since then this network 

has offered an area rich in wild flowers which is in a continuous 

state of flux mainly due to the actions of man. 

With a proportional increase in the number of motorised field 

botanists, both amateur and professional, particularly during the 

1980's, large tracts of these lines and adjoining land are being 

neglected by many recorders throughout the British Isles because 

they remain undetected from cars or are in inaccessible areas. 

Introduction 

A survey of rural and semi-rural habitats on the existing British 

rail network took place between 1977 and 1981 (Sargent). The 

Rutland rail network was surveyed on a tetrad basis (Messenger) 

and pteridophytes were recorded in a railway closed for 

maintenance near Chepstow (Dyce). There has been much interest 

in recording plants along disused railways (Jones; Somerville). 

However, all these surveys were on foot. Records obtained while 

in moving cars and a jumbo jet have recently been briefly 

reported (Badmin; Leach; Scott; Ellis ed.), also indicative of 

the decline in rail travelling recorders. 

However records made from a moving train are rarely reported. 

Field outings certainly used to start and end on the train as was 

often mentioned in the field meeting reports of the Swansea 

Scientific Society (eg. Jackett, 1894) and to some extent this 

kind of meeting was re-enacted in 1986 on the BSBI 

sesquicentenary excursion (Burt). The Rev. H.J. Riddelsdell must 

have travelled on the rail network from Aberdare, gUiding ... 'a 

botanical excursion to Port Talbot docks and Britonferry' in 1905 

- 'Railway Fare - 2nd Class Return [from Swansea] 2/6' (Pontifex 

& Lewis). On a train from Swansea to a field meeting in the Llyn 

Fach area 'Epilobium angustifolium and Linaria reKens were seen 

at intervals along the Vale ot Nedd [Neath] branc ot the G.W.R. 

line' (Anon. 1914). What can be seen in the Rheidol valley by 

passengers on a narrow gauge railway (Young ed.) is the best 

example in Wales of observing nature from the train. 

Throughout the 1980's it was possible for me to record plants and 

locate potentially interesting sites from a moving train for the 

'Flora of Glamorgan' survey, which used a 5-km recording unit. 

But how does one record from a high speed Intercity 125 train 

travelling at over 70 m.p.h. and overtaking speeders on the 

adjoining M4 motorway? The techniques used are explained here, 

essentially in the order required. 

24

lue along wooded streams at the base of small railway 

embankments are stands of Aconitum anglicum, a plant widespread 

along the Ely valley, ST07, at its Welsh stronghold and now an 

SSSI. 

The small industrial towns in the Vale of Glamorgan are worthy of 

further exploration. A brief revisit to the Tyle-garw levelcrossing 

area, ST 08, gave Pisum sativum. Disused coal sidings 

at Bryncae, Llanharan, SS98, can be yellow with Hieracium but 

access is restricted. 

The large industrial estate, SS 97, dominates the approach to 

Bridgend. Here unused areas have reverted to nature. Stands of 

Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. ericetorum with Primula veris, and 

Lathyrus nissolia, in one tall grassy area were some of the 

surprLses. Cardaria draba, Hippophae rhamnoides, Hirschfeldia 

incana, Lactuca serriola, Papaver lecoqii, Leycesteria formosa 

occurred on dLsturbed ground. Close to the station, Lias 

limestone cuttings have fine stands of Primula veris around the 

unusual two-storey hexagonal pillbox, with Ribes sangineum, 

Clematis vitalba and Rheum rhaponticum (Rhubarb) seen in full 

flower on the vertical faces. 

Taxus baccata is a feature of a small wooded slope NW of 

Bridgend, 5588, seen while approaching Court Colman, a 19th 

century mansion house now a floodlit hotel. I found it odd that 

the local endemic Hieracium radyrense, referring to Radyr nr 

Cardiff, could have been determined from the Bridgend area as 

well. (Perring & Sell eds.). The material collected was from 

Court Colman and while Jim Bevan examined the specimens at CGE, I 

was able to relocate it growing on old walls. It was clearly 

different from H. radyrense, one feature being that it flowers in 

early June whereas the Radyr endemic flowers in mid July. The 

plants maybe related to the Hieracium exotericum agg. An 

embankment of the bridge over the railway to the west has 

Fallopia sachalinensis fuelled by the farm dung heap. 

Stable grassy dunes around the stump of Kenfig Castle have 

yielded little but as the train passes the unseen largest area of 

open water in Glamorgan (Eglwys Nunnydd reservoir), Port Talbot 

steelworks is approached, SS 78. The spread of Hirschfeldia 

incana through Glamorgan in the 1980's is apparent here with 

yellow flanks of this crucifer along the verges. Its long 

racemes are easily detected in areas of disturbed soil and waste 

ground. Further recording is required to monitor its spread and 

all records are welcome. The dark arboreal screen of the steel 

works containing planted Populus and Cotoneaster is lit up for 

many months of the year by the large bright yellolV flowers of 

Spartium junceum (Spanish Broom). 

Dykes between Port Talbot and Neath (Baglan Moors, 5579) are rich 

with Iris pseudacorus. The small artificial Baglan Pool, which 

turns green with algae in high summer, can produce high Mute Swan 

counts, sixty have been recorded. Delightful wooded slopes of 

28

Messenger, K.G. (1968). A railway flora of Rutland. Proc. bot. 

Soc. Br. Isl., 7, 325-344. 

Oakley, M. (n.d.). 

Wales and Borders. 

Diesel Enthusiast's Pocket Guide No. 6: 

Bradford Barton, Truro. 

Perring, F.H. & Sell, P.D. eds (1968). Critical Supplement to 

the Atlas of the British Flora. BSBI, London. 

Pontifex, E.L. & Lewis, E. (1905). [Swansea Scientific Society - 

field meeting card insert]. Royal Institution of South Wales 

Reports. 

Sargent, C. (1984). Britain's railway vegetation. Institute of 

Terrestial Ecology, Abbots Ripton, Runtingdon. 

Scott, N. (1990). [Puccinellia distans ] BSBI News, 56, 12. 

Somerville, C. (1982). Walking West Country Railways. David and 

Charles, Newton Abbot. 

Young, N.R. ed. (1971). What you will see in the Vale of Rheidol 

- Britain's first railway nature trail. West Wales Naturalists' 

Trust, Haverfordwest. 

31 

G. Hutchinson

Monmouth 

+!212/7. Potentilla recta L. (Sulphur Cinquefoil). Several plants on 

landscaped coal tip at edge of River Rhymney, distant from habitation, 

Cymsyfiog, S01502, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988. Second record. 

*!220/12. Alchemilla mollls (Buser) Rothm. (Robust Lady's-mantle) 

Roadside in rough grass, Tredegar, S01309, T.G.Evans & J.Killick, 

1988. First record. 

+!227/2. Cotoneaster slmonsii Baker (a cotoneaster). Growing with 

Cotoneaster frigidus, see below. 

+!227/3. Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne (Wall Cotoneaster). Growing 

with Cotoneaster frigidus, see below. 

*!227/5. Cotoneaster frlgidus Wall. ex Lindl. (a cotoneaster). In a 

rough grassy area containing Dactylorhiza praetermissa and the above 

two species of Cotoneaster, Cwmtillery, S02204, R.Fraser, 1988. First 

record. 

*!319/16. Euphorbia cyparissias L. (Cypress Spurge). Small patch 

spreading on bank of River Sirhowy, Beaufort, S01610, R.Fraser, 1988. 

!325/9. Rumex cristatus DC. (Greek Dock). Rough river meadows and 

wasteland where it is abundant and hybridizing with R. obtusifolius L. 

(R. x lousleyi D.H.Kent) in Rumney area of Cardiff near the Rivers 

8evern and Rhymney, 8T2177, 2178 & 2179, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988. 

*325/18. Rumex maritimus L. (Golden Dock). Disturbed ground with 

artificial pond and reens close by, Duffryn near Newport, ST2984, 

G.Hutchinson, 1988. First record. 

+!331/1. Ficus carica L. (Fig). Base of wall over stream, 

Garndiffaith, S02604, R.Fraser, 1988. Second record. 

*!336/2. Alnus incana (L.) Moench (Grey Alder). One plant growing in 

hedgerow along B4596 8 of Llanbadoc, ST3798, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988. 

First record. Now planted widely to hide landscaped coal tips. 

*!336/cor. Alnus cordata (Loisel) Loisel (an alder). One plant growing 

with the above in hedgerow along B4596 8 of Llanbadoc, ST3798, T.G.& 

U.T.Evans, 1988. First Welsh record. Also planted in Newport in D.I.Y 

store car park. 

342/4. Populus nigra var. betulifolia (Pursh) Torrey (Black Poplar). 

Nine trees discovered in six sites with possibly two more young trees 

but leaves out of reach and trunks too young to show bosses; two trees 

with missing branches near railway line, Penpergwm, S03210, T.G.Evans, 

1986; one tree in field near 'Moor road', st Brides Wentlooge, ST3083, 

T.G.Evans & Recorder group, 1988; one tree at corner of road just SW 

of Llanwenarth Church, 802714; one tree badly pollarded on roadside 

(A40T) opposite Pysgodlyn, S02615; one tree near River Usk, SE of 

Mardy Farm, S021615; and three trees just W of Tyrewen, 802515, all 

R.Fraser, 1988. Few of the trees are in perfect condition due to storm 

damage or the attention of man. 

*356/1. Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull var. hirsuta S.F.Gray (Heather). 

Scattered plants NW of Blaenavon, S02409, R.Fraser, 1988. First record 

of this variety. 

34

Monmouth 

*!Pha/tan. Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. (Tansy-leaf Phacelia). Bank 

of earth against building, Horsington Square, Abergavenny, S021X, 

R.Fraser, 1988, det. A.J.Akeroyd. First Welsh record. 

!425/3. Nimulus moschatus Dougl. ex Lindl. (Musk). Many plants by rail 

track and wet ditch near abandoned coal pit, Llan-dafal, S01803 & 

1804, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988; many plants in wet ditch, Cwm Celyn, 

S02008, R.Fraser, 1987. 

*!425/cupx1x2. Nimulus (cupreus x M. luteus) x M. quttatus (a hybrid 

monkey-flower) Many plants in River Rhymney in both V.c. 35 & V.c. 41, 

S01008, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988, det. A.J.Silverside. First record. 

435/1/17. Euphrasia arctica subsp. borealis (Towns.) Yeo (Arctic 

Eyebright). Robust, glabrous form, grassy area S of Brynmawr, SOllV, 

T.G.Evans, 1987, det. A.J.Silverside., 

459/3. Stachys arvensis (L.) L. (Field Woundwort). During the six 

years of the v.c. 35 Mapping Scheme, it has been recorded in 36 

tetrads in 15 10km squares, usually in small numbers, but a large 

population was recorded near Llantilio Crossenny, S03814, R.Fraser, 

1988. 

+487/1. Sambucus ebulus L. (Dwarf Elder). Line of plants on the E bank 

of River Usk near George street Bridge, Newport, ST3287, T.G.& 

U.T.Evans, 1988. First 10km square record since 1930 of this 

diminishing species. 

*!509/3. Petasites japonicus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim (Giant Butterbur). 

A square metre of the plant on the bank of Berthin Brook, a short 

distance NW of .its confluence with the River Usk, Usk College of 

Agriculture, S03701, C.Titcombe, 1988. First record. 

*!Tag/min. Taqetes minuta L. (Dwarf Marigold). Two plants, 15 & 23cm 

high, on hardcore, at back of derelict workshop, Cri ndau , Newport, 

ST38E, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988. First Welsh record. 

+558/1/158. Hieracium diaphanum Fries (a hawkweed). Open woodland 

path, Cilfeigan Park, S03500, T.G.& U.T.Evans, det. J.Bevan. 

558/1/151. Hieracium subamplifolium (Zahn) Roffey (a hawkweed). 

+Dockside, Newport, ST38C; +also hedgebank near Bettws Newydd, S030S; 

+and near scrapyard heath, Blackwood, ST1696, all T.G.Evans, 1988, 

det. J.Bevan. 

*558/1/152. Hieracium lepidulum (Stenstrom) Omang (a hawkweed). Grassy 

roadside bank, SW Bettws near Newport, ST29Q, T.G.Evans, 1985, det. 

J.Bevan. Third Welsh record. 

558/1/199. Hieracium scabrisetum (Zahn) Roffey (a hawkweed). +Roadside 

bank, Little Oak, Parc Seymour, ST49B, 1982; +heathy bank, Cwm, S010W; 

+roadside wall near Rogerstone Golf Course, ST28U; +stone rail-bridge, 

below Markham, SOlOQ; +heathery bank, Tredegar, S010J, all T.G.Evans, 

1988, det. J.Bevan. First post 1930 v.c. records. 

563/2. Alisma lanceolatum With. (Narrow-leaved Water-plantain). In 

Monmouth - Brecon canal, Rogerstone, ST28U; +and Risca, ST29K, both 

T.G.& U.T.Evans; +Llanfoist, ST21R, C.Titcombe & R.Fraser; +Goetre, 

35

Monmouth / Glamorgan 

abundant, S030C, R.Fraser; Llanover, S030E, J.Jones & R.Fraser, all 

1988. Other sites occur in reens near the River Severn. 

+638/1. Platanthera chlorantha (Cust.) Reichb. (Greater 

Butterfly-orchid). 30-40 plants on hilly meadow, Parva Springs, 

Tintern, S05200, R.Woolfson & E.Wood, 1988. 

+667/1alt. Nolinia caerulea subsp. a1tissima (Link) Domin (Purple 

Moor-grass). Wet heath, Llandegfedd Reservoir, ST39J, T.G.Evans, 1987. 

Second record. 

*670/6x672/3. Festuca rubra L. s.l. x Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmelin (a 

hybrid fescue). Waste ground, bank of River Usk, Newport, ST3287, 

T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988, det. C.A.Stace. First v.c. and second Welsh 

record. 

+!683/4. Bromus inermis Leyss. (Hungarian Brome). Waste ground in 

Industrial Estate, Trethomas, ST18, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988. 

708/4. A10pecurus aequa1is Sobol. (Orange Foxtail). Pond margin, 

Moorcroft, S05109, J.Harper; and also in quantity at 'bay' at N end of 

Llandegfedd Reservoir, S03300, R.Fraser, both 1988. A new 10km square 

and new site for this uncommon grass. 

GLAMORGAN, v.c. 41 (comm. Q.O.N.Kay & J.P.Curtis) 

*15/5tri. Asplenium trichomanes L. subsp. trichomanes (Delicate 

Maidenhair Spleenwort). Bare rock at base of cliff, Graig-fawr, 

Rhondda, S89296, G.Hutchinson & P.Jones, 1985. First record for subsp. 

+21/2aff. Dryopteris affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenkins subsp. affinis 

(Scaly male-fern). Hedgebank in lane on edge of wood, 1.2km S of 

Ystrad Mynach, 8T1492, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+21/2bor. Dryopteris affinis subsp. borreri (Newman) Fraser-Jenkins (a 

scaly male-fern). Hedgebank along lane on edge of wood, E side of Coed 

Llanbradach, ST1492, G.Hutchinson, 1988 

*21/2cam. Dryopteris affinis subsp. cambrensis Fraser-Jenkins (a scaly 

male-fern). Stream gully, Bwlch y Clawdd, SS99, C.R.Fraser-Jenkins, 

1988. First record. 

+22/2x1. Dryopteris x complexa Fraser-Jenkins (D. affinis x D. 

fi1ix-mas) Ca hybrid male-fern). Deciduous wood on hillside, Forest 

Ganol near Tongwyniais, ST1483, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+!58/6. Papaver somniferum L. (Opium Poppy). Waste ground, Mountain 

Ash, ST09; J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+72/1. Diplotaxis mura1is (L.) DC. (Annual Wall-rocket). Base of wall, 

Trehafod, ST09, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+!131/3. Gerastium tomentosum L. (Snow-in-Summer). Roadside, Ynysybwl, 

ST09, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+169/3. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Her. (Common Stalk's-bill). Slag 

heap, Mynydd y Cymmer, ST09, J.P.Curtis et al., 1988. 

36

Glamorgan 

+!170/6. Oxalis articulata L. (Pink-sorrel). Waste ground on old 

railway track, Penrhos Junction, ST1385, A.D.Tipper, 1988. 

+192/19. Trifolium fragiferum L. (Strawberry Clover). Saltmarsh, 

Aberthaw, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+!226/7. Prunus laurocerasus L. (Cherry Laurel). Wood near Moulton, 


+!320/20. Reynoutria sachalinensis (Friedrich Schmidt Petrop.) Nakai 

(Giant Knotweed). Waste ground, Howardian School grounds, Cardiff, 

with Reynoutria japonica and Rubus idaeus, ST2078, G.Hutchinson, 1988 

*!351/1. Gaultheria shallon Pursh (Shallon). In ground cleared of 

Rhododendron ponticum, Gnoll House, Neath, ST7697, J.C.Watkins, 1988. 

First record. 

+367/3. Primula x tommasinii Gren. & Godron (P. verisx P. vulgaris) 

(False Oxlip). Disused railway near Llancadle, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+!378/2. Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. (Garden Privet). Scrub, 

Aberthaw, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+382/1. Centaurium pulchellum (Swartz) Druce (Lesser Centaury). Near 

shingle beach, Gileston, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+!418/1. Antirrhinum majus L. (Snapdragon). Waste ground, Porthkerry, 


*!425/cupx1x2. Nimulus (cupreus x N. luteus) x N. guttatus (a hybrid 

monkey-flower) Many plants in River Rhymney in both V.c. 35 & V.c. 41, 

SOlO, T.G.& U.T.Evans, 1988, det. A.J.Silverside. First record. 

435/15. Euphrasia confusa x E. tetraquetra. Dunes, Merthyr Mawr, SS87, 

T.G.Evans, 1985, det. A.J.Silverside. 

*[450/1. Satureja montana L. (Mountain Savory). One small plant on 

Roman ruins, Barry, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. First Welsh record. 

*!501/hir. Rudbeckia hirta L. (Black-eyed-Susan). Coal dump, Cardiff 

Docks, ST1974, G.Hutchinson, 1988. First record. 

+514/5. Filago minima (Srn.) Pers. (Dwarf Cudweed). Fly Ash, Aberthaw, 


+!519/6. Aster novi-belgii L. (Michaelmas Daisy). Waste ground, 

Llanbethery, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+526/2. Anthemis cotula (Stinking Mayweed). Reclaimed land, Mountain 

Ash, ST09, BSBI Meeting, 1987. 

+558/1/240a. Hieracium umbellatum L. subsp. umbellatum (a hawkweed). 

Stony bank, Llanishen reservoir, Cardiff, ST1881, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

574/1. Triglochin palustris L. (Marsh Arrowgrass). Marsh, River Thaw 

valley, Llanbethery, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

577/19. Potamogeton crispus L. (Curled Pondweed). River Thaw, 

Llanbethery, ST06, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

37

Glamorgan / Brecon 

+!600/2. Hyacinthoides hispanica (Miller) Rothm. (8panish Bluebell). 

Cemetery, Porth, 8T09, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

+606/9. Luzula multiflora (Retz.) Lej. (Heath Wood-rush). Meadow, 

Llanmihangel near Cowbridge, 889871, G.Ellis & G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+615/1. Sisymbrium montanum E.L.Greene (Blue-eyed-grass). Field near 

Forest Lock, Whitchurch, Cardiff, 8T18, M.Wiley, 1988. 

+640/1. Ophrys apifera Hudson (Bee Orchid). Base of embankment, 

Whitchurch, Cardiff, 8T18, M.Wiley, 1988. 

+656/5. Eleocharis palustris subsp. vulgaris WaIters (Common 

8pike-rush). Marsh near River Thaw, Llanbethery, 8T06, J.P.Curtis, 

1988. 

+663/12. Carex sylvatica Hudson (Wood-sedge). Old meadow with 

Wahlenbergia hederacea on 8W bank of Nant Clydach, Ynysybwl, 8T0596, 

J .Davies, 1988. 

+663/24. Carex pallescens L. (Pale 8edge). Old meadow with 

Wahlenbergia hederacea on 8W bank of Nant Clydach, Ynysybwl, 8T0596, 

J.Davies, 1988. 

+663/60. Carex disticha Hudson (Brown 8edge). Drainage zone below 

hockey field, Pendarren, Merthyr Tydfil, 800507, J.Davies, 1988. 

+691/1. Trisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv. (Yellow Oat-grass). Roadside, 

Williamstown, 8T09, J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

701/2. Agrostis canina L. (Brown Bent). Roadside, Eglwys Brewis, 8T06, 

J.P.Curtis, 1988. 

BRECON, V.c. 42 (comm. M.Porter) 

*!234Hol/dis. Holodiscus discolor (Pursh.) Maxim (Ocean-spray). 8mall 

cliffs along River Wye, Llangoed, 801240, M.Porter, 1978, det. 

C.Whiteford. First record. 

*!557/3. Cicerbita macrophylla subsp. uralensis (Rouy) P.D.8ell 

(Common Blue-saw-thistle). Roadside verge, Cwm Clydach, 802012, 

M.Porter, 1988. First record. 

*!571/1. Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss (Curly Waterweed). New pond, 

Glyntawe, 8N8516, M.Porter, 1981, det. D.8impson. First record. 

*683/15. Bromus commutatus 8chrad. (Meadow Brome). Roadside verge, 

Ta I garth , 801635, M.Porter, 1981, det. T.A.Cope. First localised 

record. 

*!8ec/cer. Secale cereale L.· (Rye). Garden weed, Llangynidr, 801519, 

M.Porter, 1980, det. T.A.Cope. First record. 

"!701/cas. Agrostis castellana Boiss. & Reuter (Castillian Bent). 

Garden weed, Llangynidr, 801519, M.Porter, 1981, det. T.A.Cope. First 

Welsh record. 

38

Radnor 

RADNOR, V.c. 43 (comm. Miss A.C.Powell & D.R.Humphreys) 

+1/5. Diphasiastrum alpinum J.Holub (Alpine-clubmoss). Large colony in 

acidic grassland NW of Glanhirin, Elan Valley, SN8470, D.R.& H. 

Drewett, 1988. Seen recently from only two other localities, both in 

the Elan Valley. 

9/1. Cryptogramma crispa (L.) Hooker (Parsley Fern). +A single plant 

growing on top of a heap of shale quarry waste on N side of stream in 

valley S of Glogfawr near Carreg ddu Reservoir, SN9166, C.Parry & 

D.Gray, 1988; +also one plant on rock outcrop at Gilfach, Rhayader, 

SN9571, I.D.Soane & D.Hargreaves, 1988. First positive records since 

an unconfirmed one of 1953 from Stanner Rocks. 

+21/3. Dryopteris oreades Fomin (Mountain Male-fern). A few plants on 

cliff to W of Tyfaenor Park, Abbeycwmhir, S00671, R.G.Woods & 

D.Hargreaves, 1988. Now lost due to track widening, but one plant 

taken into cultivation. 

24/3. Phegopteris connectilis (Michx) watt (Beech Fern). Damp dingle 

woodland below Fron Rocks, Beguildy, S01976, NCC Woodland Survey, 

1988. A rare fern with few records from E Radnor. 

+24/4. Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman (Oak Fern). On N facing 

rock outcrop, N of Llanbadarn Fynydd, S008, J.Port, 1988. 

25/1vul. Polypodium vulgare L. S.s. (Polypody). S wall of small park 

area near museum, Llandrindod Wells, S00661, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+25/1int. Polypodium interjectum Shivas (Intermediate Polypody). S 

wall of small park area near museum, 1landrindod Wells, S00661, 

G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

28/1. Botrychium lunaria (L.) Swartz (Moonwort). +Meadow, 

Troedrhiwdraen, Elan Valley, SN8967; +also meadow at Llanbister, 

S01073, NCC Meadow Survey, 1988. Now known from 8 sites in the county. 

+29/1a. Ophioglossum vulgatum L. (Adder's-tongue). Meadow, Pantydwr, 

SN9777, NCC Meadow Survey, 1988. Now known from 9 sites in the County. 

37/1. Trollius europaeus L. (Globeflower). A small colony on a wooded 

stream bank near the River Ithon, Llanbister, S01075, NCC Meadow 

Survey, 1988; +four plants by stream margin, Llanbadarn Fynydd, S008, 

J.Port, 1988. 

*!39/1. Eranthis hyemalis (L.) Salisb. (Winter Aconite). A fine 

naturalized population on a wooded bank on the edge of Wyecliff 

garden, Clyro, S02242, R.G.Woods, 1988. This population has obviously 

been in existence for many years but remained unrecorded until noted 

by Mrs M.Westwood. 

+!106/1. Cheiranthus cheiri L. (Wallflower). Naturalized population on 

cliff ledge in old limestone quarry, Burlingjobb, S02458, R.G.Woods, 

1988. 

+162/2. Tilia cordata Miller (Small-leaved Lime). Rare in woodland, 

Bryn Person, Llananno, S00872, NCC Woodland Survey, 1988. 

39

Radnor 

+168/9. Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. fil. (Hedgerow Crane's-bill). In 

rough grassland on site of former railway station, Llanelwedd, 800451, 

B8BI Meeting, 1988. This rare denizen has not been recently recorded 

elsewhere in the County. 

+168/10. Geranium columbinum L. (Long-stalked Crane's-bill). On waste 

ground behind the foundry, Presteigne, 803164, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

+!171/4. Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Indian Balsam). By forestry 

track near Cold Oak, Presteigne; and by the River Lugg below 

Presteigne, both 802863, R.G.Woods, 1988. This widespread alien of 

river banks appears to be a recent colonist of the River Lugg. 

!191/3. Nelilotus alba Medic. (White Melilot). By roadside fence, 

Llanelwedd, 8005, B8BI Field Meeting, 1988. Not then in flower but 

confirmed later by R.G.Woods. 

192/24. Trifolium micranthum Vivo (8lender Trefoil). Abundant on 

roadside verge of the A491 near Llanelwedd Quarries, 800551, B8BI 

Field meeting, 1988. First recent record. 

+202/1. Ornithopus perpusillus L. (Bird's-foot). Forestry Track, Caen 

Wood, Presteigne, 802962, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

206/2. Vicia tetrasperma (L.) 8chreb. (8mooth Tare). On soil of layby, 

roadside, 8 of Penylan Wood, Clyro, 8024, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

+223/1. Sanguisorba minor 8cop. subsp. minor. (8alad Burnet). A few 

plants on side of rarely used forestry track, Caen Wood, Presteigne, 

803063, R.G.Woods, 1988. A calcicole, it may have been introduced with 

road stone. This may be the only extant site in Radnor. 

+$251/2. Daphne laureola L. (8purge Laurel). A single plant in a 

roadside hedge near Penmaenau, Llanelwedd, 800352, P.& C.Port & 

R.G.Woods, 1988; +and in an overgrown shrubbery at Womaston near 

Walton, 802660, D.Humphreys & R.G.Woods, 1988. This species is 

doubtfully native. in the County. 

$263/1. Viscum album L. (Mistletoe). Possibly planted on apple in 

garden, Howey, 800558, C.Parry, 1988. A very rare plant north of 

Aberedw. 

+301/1. Aethusa cynapium L. (Fool's Parsley). 8ilt by River Teme, E of 

Presteigne, 803264, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

*!336/2. Alnus incana (L.) Moench (Grey Alder). Becoming naturalized 

beside forestry tracks in Radnor Forest, 801966, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

First record. 

+382/4. Centaurium erythraea Rafn. (Common Centaury). On and besides 

forestry tracks in Caen Wood, Presteigne, 802962 & 803063, R.G.Woods, 

1988. 

+!399/2. Pulmonaria officinalis L. (Lungwort). One plant naturalized 

on old wall near church, Presteigne, 803164, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

+!406/3. Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.) (Large Bindweed). Waste 

ground, Presteigne, 803164, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

40

Radnor 

+420/3. Linaria repens (L.) Miller (Pale Toadflax). On gravel on 

railway embankment S of Llangunllo Station, S02172, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

421/1. Chaenorhinum minus (L.) Lange (Small Toadflax). On waste ground 

behind foundry, Presteigne, S03164, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

*$422/1. Kickxia spuria (L.) Dumort. (Round-leaved Fluellen). A small 

clump growing on disturbed soil in a layby, adjacent to forestry, S of 

Penylan Wood, NW of Clyro, S02044, R.G.Woods, 1988. First record of 

this normally SE cornfield weed. 

*426/1. Limosella aquatica L. (Mudwort). A few plants in a very small 

ephemeral pool in grass track by tarred road on common N of 

Pen-y-graig Farm, Llandeilo Graban, S01045, R.G.Woods, 1988. First 

record. 

+430/4. Veronica scutellata L. (Marsh Speedwell). Marshy ground, 

Litton Hill, Cascob, S02566, J.& C.Port, 1988 

+$445/5x7. Mentha x villosa (M. spicata x M. suaveolens) (Apple Mint). 

Bank of River Lugg below Presteigne, S03264, R.G.Woods, 1988. Another 

vigorous escapee from the garden. 

+!461/arg. Lamiastrum argentatum Smejkal (Variegated Yellow 

Archangel). Road verge of lane NE of Llynheilyn, S01658, R.G.Woods, 

1988. Second record. A vigorous, even overwhelming garden plant likely 

to become widely naturalized. 

+485/10. Galium uliginosum L. (Fen Bedstraw). Wet grassland near 

Esgairdraenllwyn, Llanbadarn Fynydd, S00882, NeC Meadow Survey, 1988. 

+497/2. Dipsacus pilosus L. (Small Teasel). In woodland on the bank of 

the River Wye near Cabalva, S02446, J.E.Messenger & D.Hargreaves, 

1988. Third record. 

+$475/2. Campanula trachelium L. (Nettle-leaved Bellflower). A single 

plant in the middle of a forestry road, Ysfa, SN9964, F.Lancaster, 

1988. Only previously seen in SE Radnor, this plant was probably 

introduced with roadstone. 

+!544/2. Centaurea montana L. (Perennial Cornflower). Naturalized on 

railway embankment S of Llangunllo Station, S02172, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

+559/8. Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench (Marsh Hawk's-beard). In wt alder 

wood near Llangunllo Station, S02172, D.R.Drewett. Third record. 

+577/14. Potamogeton obtusifolius Mert. & Koch (Blunt-leaved 

Pondweed). In pool with Potamogeton berchtoldii , Pilularia 

globulifera etc., NW of Gogia, The Begwns, Llowes, S01643, R.G.Woods & 

J.E.Messenger, 1988. 

+$589/3. Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All. (Solomon's-seal). Two 

separate plants on steep bank of River Wye, Glangwy Farm, Builth Road, 

S00153, A.C.Powell, J.& C.Port, 1988. Probable garden escapes. 

*631/1. Hammarbya paludosa (L.) O. Kuntze (Bog Orchid). Fifteen plants 

on edge of wet peaty flush to N of Pont ar Elan, Elan Valley, SN9071, 

R.G.Woods, 1988. First record. 

41

Radnor / Carmarthen 

652/2. Bparganium emersum Rehm. (Unbranched Bur-reed). +Pool NW of 

Glanhirin, Elan Valley, 8N8470; also in mud-bottomed pool W of 

Pen-y-craig, Llandeilo Graban, 8014, both R.G.Woods; +also in damned 

up stream pool, Cwm Nanty, Llanbadarn Fynydd, S00980, J.Port, 1988. 

+655/10. Bcirpus setacea L. (Bristle Club-rush). Marshy area, Litton 

Hill, Cascob, 802562, C.& J.Port, 1988. 

+656/4. Eleocharis multicaulis (Sm.) Desv. (Many-stalked Spike-rush). 

+Wet peaty flush above road and S of ravine on E side of Garreg Ddu 

Reservoir, Elan Valley, 8N9165; also peaty lush N of Pont ar Elan, 

Elan Valley, SN9071, both R.G.Woods, 1988. Reported here or nearby by 

W.E.W. in 1959 (Proe. BBBI 5: 38). 

663/1. Carex laevigata Sm. (Smooth-stalked Sedge). +Damp scrubland, 

Glangwy Farm, Builth Road, S00153, J.& C.Port & A.C.Powell; +damp 

woodland below Fron Rocks, Beguildy, S01976, NCC Woodland Survey; 

+also wet flushes, Caen Wood, Presteigne, S03063, R.G.Woods, all 1988. 

+663/12. Carex sylvatica Hudson (Wood-sedge). Waste ground, 

Presteigne, S03164, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

663/17. Carex vesicaria L. (Bladder-sedge). Marsh on River Wye flood 

plain, NW of Builth Wells river bridge, S00451, BSBI meeting, 1988, 

det. R.G.Woods; +also rare in wet hollows, downstream from 

Esgairdraenllwyn, Llanbadarn Fynydd, S00881 & S00882, Nce Meadow 

Survey, 1988. 

663/23. Carex strigosa Hudson (Thin-spiked Wood-sedge). On damp 

woodland bank, Cilkenny Dingle Wood, Llowes, S01741, D.R.Drewett, 

1988. Second record. 

+663/24. Carex palleseens L. (Pale Sedge). Margin of wet flush in 

pasture near Llangunllo Station, S02172, Nee Meadow Survey, 1988. 

+670/2. Festuca arundinaeea Schreb. (Tall Fescue). beside forest 

tracks, Caen Wood, Presteigne, S03063, R.G.Woods, 1988. 

*683/1. Bromus erectus Hudson (Upright Brome). Rare in grassland below 

Stanner Rocks, S02658, R.G.Woods, 1988. First record. 

+701/4. Agrostis gigantea Roth (Black Bent). Waste ground behind 

foundry, Presteigne, S03164, R.G.Woods, 1988. Second record. 

+709/1. Milium effusum L. (Wood Millet). Stocking Farm Wood near 

Presteigne, S03166, NCC Woodland Survey, 1988. 

CARMARTHEN, V.c. 44 (comm. R.D.Pryce) 

+4/1. Equisetum hyemale L. (Rough Horsetail). Solid colony c.12m along 

roadside verge, Cathilas Farm, Ammanford, SN6414, I.K.Morgan, 1988. 

Third record. 

21/2aff.Dryopteris affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenkins subsp. affinis (Scaly 

Male-fern). +Roadside hedgebank, 0.8km SE of Pontwelly, SN4239; +base 

of steep wood alongside River Teifi, SE side of unmetalled road, 

Dol-Ilan, E of Llandyssul, SN4240; +edge of wood near Sychnant Farm, 

1.4km E of Llanedi, SN6007, all G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

42

Carmarthen 

*21/2aff. Dryopteris affinis subsp. affinis var. palaeceo-lobata ined. 

(Scaly Male-fern). Carboniferous limestone gryke, top of 

Carreg-yr-Ogof, SN7621, R.D.Pryce et al., 1988, det. 

C.R.Fraser-Jenkins. First record of variety. 

21/2bor. Dryopteris affinis subsp. borreri (Newman) Fraser-Jenkins 

(Scaly Male-fern). +Roadside hedgebank of Roman road, Pensarn near 

Carmarthen; +minor roadside hedgebank near Rhydargaeau, SN4325; +wood 

on steep slope SE of Blaengyfre Farm, Dol-gran, SN4333; +under Corylus 

avellana along roadside N of Cynghordy Viaduct, SN8042, all 

G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

*21/2x1. Dryopteris x Fraser-Jenkins nothosubsp. complexa (D. affinis 

subsp. affinis x D. filix-mas (a hybrid male-fern). Driveway bank at 

entrance to Dol-Ilan, 0.8km NE of Pontwelly, SN4240, G.Hutchinson, 

1988, det. C.R.Fraser-Jenkins. First record. 

+46/7. Ranunculus sardous Crantz (Hairy Buttercup). 20-30 mature 

plants in disturbed damp grassy ground, Burry Port Harbour, SN4400, 

R.Higgins & D.Lawrence, 1988. 

113/11. Viola lutea Hudson (Mountain Pansy). About 20 mature plants, 

mostly purple flowered but 2 yellow flowers noted, base-enriched, dry, 

sheep-grazed moorland, NW facing flank of Esgair Gaeo, A.O.Chater et 

al., 1988. 

+192/5. Trifolium squamosum L. (Sea Clover). In grassy sward on fuel 

ash, Burry Port Power Station, SN4500 & 4600, R.Higgins & D.Lawrence, 

1988. 

*!209/2. Spiraea douglasii Hooker subsp. douglasii (Steeplebush). 

Railway cutting, Burry Port, SN4400, G.Hutchinson, 1988. First 

record. 

+210/1. Filipendula vulgaris Moench (Dropwort). Grassy graveyard, 

Llanfihangel ar Arth, SN4539, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+211/11.113. Rubus polyanthemus Lindeb. (a bramble). Wooded pond-side, 

Farmyard Nursery Farm, Llandyssul, SN4240, G.Hutchinson & R.D.Pryce, 

1988, det. A.Newton. 

+211/11.117. Rubus prolongatus Boulay & Letendre (a bramble). 

Abandoned railway cutting N of Llanpumsaint, SN4130, G.Hutchinson & 

R.D.Pryce; +also roadside hedge, S of Llwyn y Fron, SN7523, R.D.Pryce, 

both 1988, det. A.Newton. 

+!320/20. Reynoutria sachalinensis (Friedrich Schmidt Petrop.) Nakai 

(Giant Knotweed). Along roadside and invading garden of newly built 

bungalow near Bolahaul, Carmarthen, SN4118, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

+325/11uli. Rumex crispus L. var. uliginosus Le Gall (Curled Dock). 

Tidal mud, River Towy near station, Carmarthen, SN4119, G.Hutchinson, 

1988. First record of variety.· 

*!341Not/pro. Nothofagus procera (Poepp. & Endl.) Orsted. (Rauli 

Beech). Edge of wood adjoining railway, SW of Cynghordy Viaduct, 

SN8041, G.Hutchinson, 1988. First record, probably planted. 

43

Carmarthen 

+343/13x12b. Salix x multinervis Doell (5. aurita x S. cinerea) (a 

hybrid willow). Hedge near top of hill near Dol-Ilan, Llandyssul, 

SN4241, G.Hutchinson & R.D.Pryce, 1988. 

+422/2. Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort. (Sharp-leaved Fluellen). In 

strawberry patch in garden, Pwll, Llanelli, SN4701, R.D.Pryce, 1988. 

*442/1. Utricularia vulgaris L. (Greater Bladderwort). Drainage ditch 

on sand dunes, Pendine Proof and Experimental Establishment, SN3007, 

R.G.Ellis, 1988. First record. 

*!461/arg. Lamiastrum argentatum Smejkal (Variegated Yellow 

Archangel). Floor of shaded footpath, E of N end of Three Fields 

footpath near Cwmoernant, Carmarthen, SN4121, G.Hutchinson; +also 

limestone grassland, Capel Dyddgen, SN4612, I.K.Morgan, both 1988. 

First and second records. 

+!475/5. Campanula persicifolia L. (Peach-leaved Bellflower). About 

six plants on roadside bank adjacent to and across road from 

graveyard, Capel Gwyn, SN4622, R.D.Pryce, 1988. Third record. 

507/1. Doronicum pardalianches L. (Leopard's-bane). Deciduous wood, 

Bolahaul, Carmarthen, SN4118, G.Hutchinson, 1988. 

!509/2. Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. (White Butterbur). Lane bank 

opposite farm entrance, Dryslwyn Uchaf, SN5520, D.Smith, 1988, det. 

R.D.Pryce. Second record. 

*!601/arm. Nuscari armeniacum Leichtlin ex Baker (a hyacinth). One 

clump on grass verge, Llangunnor, SN4219, G.Hutchinson, 1988. First 

record. 

663/3. Carex punctata Gaudin (Dotted Sedge). Little used trackway, 

formerly mowed 'dune meadow', Tywyn Burrows, SN3605, R.D.Pryce et al., 

1988, det. A.O.Chater. 

+663/22. Carex pendula Hudson (Pendulous Sedge). Edge of wood on 

alluvial plain of E. Cleddau River, Gilfach-ddofn, SN1227, 

G.Hutchinson & R.D.Pryce, 1988, det. A.O.Chater. 

663/60. Carex disticha Hudson (Brown Sedge). Ditch by old railway 

sidings O.5km E of Burry Port Power Station, SN4500, R.Higgins & 

D.Lawrence, 1988. 

+670/1x671/1. xFestulolium loliaceum (Hudson) P.Fourn (Festuca 

pratensis x Lolium perenne) (Hybrid Fescue). Species-rich meadow, Ty 

Mawr, Talsarn, Llanddeusant, SN7826, S.M.G., 1988. Fourth record. 

+676/9. Poa compressa L. (Flattened Meadow-grass). Railway ballast 

with Vulpia myuros, Vicia hirsuta, etc., c.lOOm E of Penclawdd, 

Llwynhendy, SS5498, R.D.Pryce, I.K.Morgan & R.N.Stringer, 1988. Third 

record. 

*!687/jub. Hordeum jubatum L. (Foxtail Barley). Frequent (over 300 

plants) on drier areas by Ash-pits lagoons, Pwll, Llanelli, SN4701, 

R.Higgins & D.Lawrence, 1988. 

44

Cardigan 

SN78, A.O.Chater, 1988, det. P.F.Yeo. The commonest Euphrasia on lead 

mine sites in N. Cards. 

435/1/16. Euphrasia pseudokerneri Pugsley f. elonqata Pugsley (an 

eyebright). Calcareous flushes by Afon Mwldan NW of Penparc, SN2048, 

A.O.Chater, 1986, det. P.F.Yeo. The species previously known in Wales 

from only one record from Flints.; f. elonqata is a fen form known 

from East Anglia. 

+435/1/17. Euphrasia arctica Lange ex Rostrup subsp. borealis 

(Townsend) Yeo (an eyebright). Hay meadows, Nant Llwyd, NW of Llyn 

Brianne, SN75, A.O.Chater, 1988, det P.F.Yeo. In several upland hay 

meadows in this part of Cards. 

+442/4. Utricularia minor L. (Lesser Bladderwort). Mire at head of 

Pysgotwr Fach, Llethr Erwast, SN75, D.Boyce et al., 1988. 

+462/1. Lamium amplexicaule L. (Henbit Dead-nettle). Margin of 

beanfield just SW of Pen-Peles, SN f 5, A.P.Fowles, 1988, det. 

A.O.Chater. 

462/5. Lamium album L. (White Dead-nettle). Roadside hedgebank, 

Bronfre, 1.5km W of Ciliau Aeron, SN45, M.Chater, 1988. 

+472/2. Plantaqo media L. (Hoary Plantain). Abundant in chapel 

graveyard, Ciliau Aeron, SN4958, A.O.Chater, 1988. As Trisetum 

flavescens is also present, there is no reason to assume that it is 

not native and another example of the occurrence of calcicoles in 

graveyards; it has not been seen in Cards. for over 40 years. 

+474/1. Wahlenberqia hederacea (L.) Reichenb. (Ivy-leaved Bellflower). 

Stream bank, Silian Common, SN55, A.O.Chater et al., 1988. 

+506/18x1. Senecio x albescens Burbidge & Colgan (S. bicolor subsp. 

cineraria x S. jacobaea) (a hybrid ragwort). Sandy shingle by road lkm 

N of Borth Station, SN69, A.O.Chater & J.R.Akeroyd, 1988. 

+!512/1. Inula helenium L. (Elecampane). Well-established on roadside 

verge, Llangybi Common, SN55, A.O.Chater, 1984. 

+532/1. Natricaria recutita L. (Scented Mayweed). Several plants on 

waste ground by new houses, ponterwyd, SN78, A.O.Chater, 1988. 

+535/1. Artemisia vulqaris L. (Mugwort). Verge of A44 700m NE of 

Dyffryn Castell, SN78, A.O.Chater, 1988. 

+539/4. Carduus acanthoides L. (Welted Thistle). 20 plants at edge of 

recently improved pasture 1.5km S of Llwyncelyn, SN45, A.O.Chater, 

1988. 

+540/8. Cirsium dissectum (L.) Hill (MeadOW Thistle). Colony 20m in 

diameter in marshy pasture W of Glanyrafon-du, Cwm Berwyn, SN75, 

A.O.Chater, 1988. 

+551/1. Picris echioides L. (Bristly oxtongue). Disused railway line, 

Felin-y-mor, Aberystwyth, SN58, M.Chater, 1988. 

48

Cardigan 

*!558/2/7. Pilosella aurantiaca (L.) F.W.Schultz & Schultz Bip. subsp. 

aurantiaca (Fox-and-cubs). Well-naturalised, with subsp. carpathicola, 

in Ponterwyd chapel graveyard, SN78, A.O.Chater & BSBI Field Meeting, 

1987, det. P.D.Sell. 

+559/8. Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench (Marsh Hawk's-beard). Rocky, 

wooded streambank, Cwm Llyfnant, SN7397, R. Bamford, 1988. Second 

record. Previously known only from Cwm Einion, although J.E.Lousley 

reported it from Cwm Llyfnant in 1955 without indicating in which 

vice-county, and there is an unconfirmed J.A.Webb report from Devil's 

Bridge in 1933. 

+!588/1. Convallaria majalis L. (Lily-of-the-valley). Abundantly 

naturalized on disused railway embankment opposite Aber-mad, SN67, 

A.P.Fowles, 1988. 

605/fol. Juncus foliosus Desf. (a toad rush). +Ditches on marshy 

slopes by stream W of Pantycetris, Talgarreg, SN4051, A.O.Chater; 

flush, Rhos Llawr-cwrt N.N.R., Talgarreg, SN45, BSBI Field Meeting; 

marshy footpath, Cwm Doethie, SN75, A.O.Chater & A.P.Fowles; +stony 

flush above Ty-mawr, Cwm Ystwyth, SN87, A.O.Chater & W.M.Condry, all 

1988. 

+607/5. Allium vineale L. var. compactum (Thuill.) Boreau (Wild 

Onion). Hedgebank W of Wen chapel graveyard, Gilfachrheda, SN4159, 

A.O.Chater, 1988. Salter's remark that this is the only variety in 

Cards. is still true. 

+631/1. Hammarbya paludosa (L.) O.Kuntze (Bog Orchid). 16 plants in 

flush on NNW facing slope, Dyffryn Castell, SN78, A.P.Fowles & 

A.O.Chater; 107 plants in flushes on N facing slope, Bryn Bras, SN78, 

A.O.Chater; 15 plants in flush on S facing slope, Bryn Lluestydd, 

SN78, A.O.Chater, all 1988. At the three previously known sites in 

Cards., 10 plants were seen in a flush on S facing slope, Bryn Bras, 

SN77, A.O.Chater, W.M.& P. Condry, 89 plants were seen in one site in 

Cwm Ystwyth, SN87, and none in the other, making a total of 237 plants 

in 5 sites in Cards. in 1988. 

+635/1. Coeloglossum viride L. (Frog Orchid). Pingo rampart, Rhos 

Glynyrhelyg D.W.T. Reserve, Gorsgoch, SN4951, BSBI Field Meeting, 

1988. One spike only seen; last recorded in Cards. in 1926 by Salter 

at Llywernog, SN78. 

+638/1. Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Reichenb. (Greater 

Butterfly-orchid). Heathy pasture by Cors Nancwnlle, 1km NNW of 

Bwlch-llan, SN55, A.O.Chater & D.Glyn Jones, 1988. 

*642/2x6. Dactylorhiza x townsendiana (Rouy) Soo nothosubsp. robertsii 

F.Horsman (D. maculata x D. majalis subsp. cambrensis (a hybrid 

marsh-orchid). Wet meadowland, Ynyslas, SN69, F.Horsman, 1988. New to 

science. 

+643/4. Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soo (Southern Marsh-orchid). 

Poor fen, Silian Common, SN55, A.O.Chater et al., 1988. 

+643/5. Dactylorhiza purpurella (T.& T.A.Stephenson) Soo (Northern 

Marsh-orchid). Marshy corner of field 500m SW of Pen-Peles, SN25, 

A.P.Fowles, 1988. 

49

Cardigan / Montgomery 

+656/3. Eleocharis quinqueflora (F.X.Hartmann) O.Schwarz (Few-flowered 

Spike-rush). Fen and flushes on rhos slopes E of Aber-arth, SN46, 

A.O.Chater & A.P.Fowles, 1988. 

+656/4. Eleocharis multicaulis (Sm.) Desv. (Many-stalked Spike-rush). 

Flushes by stream SSE of Cyneiniog, 7km E of Tal-y-bont, SN78, 

A.O.Chater, I.Francis & N.Penford, 1988. 

+660/1. Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl (White Beak-sedge). Flushes by 

stream S of Cyneiniog, 7km E of Tal-y-Bont, SN78, A.O.Chater, 

I.Francis & N.Penford, 1988; mire SE of Disgwylfa Fawr, SN78, 

I.Francis & N.penford, 1988. 

+663/17. Carex vesicaria L. (Bladder-sedge). Locally dominant in 

overgrown, stagnant, shaded decoy pond SE of Llanaeron mansion, SN45, 


+663/28. Carex limosa L. (Bog-sedge). Boggy lake-margin, Llyn y Figyn, 

5km SSE of Cwmystwyth, SN87, D.Reed, 1988. 

+663/57. Carex otrubae Podp. (False Fox-sedge). Regularly inundated 

terrace on W side of Afon Leri, E of Borth church, SN68, A.O.Chater & 

J.R.Akeroyd, 1988. 

+663/81. Carex dioica L. (Dioecious Sedge). Abundant in wet 

depressions in mire WSW of Bryn Bras farm, Ponterwyd, SN78, 


*!670/dif. Festuca diffusa Dumort. (a fescue). Abundant and 

well-established on grassy slope by new housing estate, Ponterwyd, 

SN78, A.O.Chater, 1988, det. A.K.Al-Bermani. 

+683/20. Bromus catharticus Vahl (Rescue Brome). Roadside verge at N 

end of Lampeter, SN5748, A.Orange, 1981, det. P.J.O.Trist. 

+691/1. Trisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv. (Yellow Oat-grass). Ciliau 

Aeron chapel graveyard, SN45, A.O.Chater, 1988. 

*701/2b. Agrostis vinealis Schreber (Heath Bent). Empetrum/Calluna 

heath, Llynnoedd Ieuan, SN7981; +roadside cliff N of Gorsgoch, SN4751, 

both A.O.Chater, 1988; +Nardus/Festuca ovina sheepwalks, Llethr 

Erwast, SN75, A.O.Chater et al., 1988. Widespread and often abundant 

in the uplands of Cards. First and subsequent records .. 

+701/4. Agrostis gigantea Roth (Black Bent). Dry roadside ditch, 

Glanyrafon-du, Cwm Berwyn, SN75, A.O.Chater, 1988, conf. E.J.Clement. 

Both stoliferous and rhizomatous forms growing together. 

MONTGOMERY, V.c. 47 (comm. Mrs M. Wainwright) 

+3/1. Isoetes lacustris L. (Quillwort). Llyn Gwyddior, SH9307, 

A.J.Morton, 1987, (megaspores checked). 

*3/2. Isoetes echinospora Durieu (Spring Quillwort). Acid mountain 

lake, Glaslyn, SN89, A.J.Morton, 1982, det. A.M.Paul; +also acid 

mountain lake, Llyn Penrhaeadr, SN79, A.J.Morton, 1985. 

50

Montgomery 

21/3. Dryopteris oreades Fomin (Mountain Male-fern). Above Llangynog 

village, SJ0426, A.P.Dawes, 1988, conf. P.M.Benoit. 

+98/4. Barbarea verna (Miller) Ascherson (American Winter-cress). 

Twenty plants on newly disturbed roadside bank, Llanfair Caereinion, 

SJ10, M.Wainwright, 1988, det. T.Rich. Second record. 

*113/9b. Viola palustris L. subsp. juressii (Link ex K.Wein) Coutinho 

(a marsh violet). In Salix-carr, Troed-yr-esgair, Aberllefenni, SH71, 

P.M.Benoit, 1988. 

*122/1. Elatine hexandra (Lapierre) DC. (Six-stamened Waterwort). 

North shore of acid mountain lake, Llyn Du, 5.5km NNW of Caersws, 

S009, I.C.Trueman et al., 1984. 

+154/14. Chenopodium rubrum L. (Red Goosefoot). Two sites on 

spoil-heaps at Carreghofa, SJ2421 & 2521, H.Webster, 1988. 

+192/24. Trifolium micranthum Vivo (Slender Trefoil). Near Green Hall, 

Llanfyllin, SJ1618, P.M.Benoit & M.Oliver, 1988. 

!226/2b. Prunus domestica subsp. insititia (L.) C.K.Schneider 

(Bullace). Hedge near Hen Neuadd to the W of Llanidloes, SN9184, 

J.A.Green, 1988. 

+325/18. Rumex maritimus L. (Golden Dock). Upper pool at Lymore, 

S02396, J.M.Roper, 1988. 

+370/5. Lysimachia punctata L. (Dotted Loosestrife). One plant, far 

from habitation, on wooded roadside, N side of B4393 near Pont 

Ysgadan, SJ01, M.Wainwright, 1988. 

+403/1. Echium vulgare L. (Viper's-bugloss). Many plants on edge of 

upper car park at Clywedog Dam, SN9188, M.Oliver, 1988. 

*462/3. Lamium hybridum Vill. (Cut-leaved Dead-nettle). Several plants 

with Lamium amplexicaule, L. purpureum and other weeds on patch of 

newly-dug soil, Llanymynech golf course, SJ22, P.M.Benoit & 

M.Wainwright, 1988. First record. 

+!522/1. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. (Canadian Fleabane). A sizeable 

colony between river and road at Llandinham, S00288, C.A.Small, 1988. 

*558/1/105. Hieracium orimeles F.J.Hanb. ex W.R.Linton (a hawkweed). 

Shaded bank by track, Dulas Valley, Aberhosan, SN89, A.J.Morton, 1986. 

+606/4. Luzula luzuloides (Lam.) Dandy & Wilmott (White Wood-rush). A 

few plants in Great Wood, Gregynog Hall, Tregynon, S009, T.Kohler, 

1987. Second record. 

*670/8. Festuca ovina subsp. ophioliticola (Kerguelen) M.Wilkinson Ca 

sheep's-fescue). Marshy area with Juncus effusus dominant and much 

Nardusjust N of Afon Hengwm, S side of Carn Hyddgen, SN78, 

A.O.Chater, 1988, det. M.Wilkinson. 

*670/9. Festuca tenuifolia Sibth. (Fine-leaved Sheep's-fescue). Dry 

hummocks in level bog near Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa, SJ01, P.M.Benoit, 

1988. First certain record for Ments. 

51

Montgomery / Caernarfon 

*677/1. Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv. (Whorl-grass). A few plants 

seen at margin of a recently dug pool, Montgomery Canal Reserve, Wern 

Clay Pits, Arddleen, SJ21, I.Gunn & K.Edwards, 1987. First record. 

*683/1. Bromus erectus Hudson (Upright Brome). Limestone grassland, 

Llanymynech Hill, SJ22, P.M.Benoit, 1988. First record. 

*683/3. Bromus benekenii (Lange) Trimen (Lesser Hairy-brome). Wooded 

dingle near Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa, SJ01; +also several plants with 

abundant Bromus ramosuson base-rich woodland, Abermule Dingle, S019, 

both P.M.Benoit, 1988. First and second records. 

CAERNARFON, V.c. 49 (N.H.Brown) 

+2/2. Selaqinella selaqinoides (L.) Link (Lesser Clubmoss). 

Abergeirch, SH2640, A.Vaughan Jones, 1971, A.P.Cono11y, 1988. 

+22/2cam. Dryopteris affinis subsp. cambrensis Fraser-Jenkins (a 

buckler-fern). Near Rhoshirwaen N of Aberdaron, SH2119, A.P.Conolly, 

1988, det. C.R.Fraser-Jenkins. 

+!65/4. Corydalis lutea (L.) DC. (Yellow Corydalis). East facing 

roadside slate wall, Porthmadog, SH5638, R.E.Hughes, 1988. 

+!71/1. Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagreze-Fossat (Hoary Mustard). One 

plant in dune grassland, The Beacons, Conwy Morfa, SH7678, J.A.Green & 

T.C.G.Rich, 1987. Abundant in the Llandudno area since at least 1985 

and obviously spreading. 

+!84/1. Thlaspi arvense L. (Field Penny-cress). Weed in nursery rose 

beds, Conway Valley Nursery between Groes Hotel and Talycafn, SH7873, 

R.Lewis, 1988. 

+95/g1a. Erophila qlabrescens Jordan (a whitlowgrass). Garden weed, 

Io1yn Park, Henryd, SH7775, W.H.Tucker et al., 1987, det. T.C.G.Rich. 

+102/4. Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser (Marsh Yellow-cress). Pool, 

Hirdre-fawr, Cwmistir Heath, SH2438, A.P.Cono1ly, 1988, conf. 

T.C.G.Rich. 

+!108/5. Sisymbrium altissimum L. (Tall Rocket). Deganwy, SH7878, 

G.Battershall et al., 1987. 

+113/9. Viola palustris L. (Marsh Violet). Abergeirch Marsh, SH2640, 

A. P . Cono 11 y, 1988. 

+115/14. Hypericum elodes L. (Marsh st John's-wort). Abergeirch, 

SH2640, A.Vaughan Jones, c.1971. 

+!131/03. Cerastium tomentosum L. (Snow-in-Summer). One patch on bank 

of old field, The Beacons, Conwy Morfa, SH7678, J.A.Green & 

T.C.G.Rich, 1987. 

*160/2. Salicornia dolichostachya Moss (a glasswort). Outer harbour, 

Pwllheli, SH3734, A.P.Conol1y, 1988, det. D.H.Da1by. First record. 

52

Caernarfon 

*160/4. Salicornia ramosissima J.Woods (Bushy Glasswort). Abersoch 

harbour, SH3128; +also outer harbour, Pwllheli, SH3734, both 

A.P.Conolly, 1988, det. D.H.Dalby. First and second records. 

+!173/2. Acer platanoides L. (Norway Maple). Deganwy, SH7878, 


+!178/1. Buxus sempervirens L. (Box). Deganwy, SH7878, G.Battershall 

et al., 1987; and in woodland above Marl Hall, Llandudno Junction, 

SH7978, R.Lewis, 1988. 

*!184/1. Laburnum anagyroides Medicus (Laburnum). Deganwy, SH7878, 


+192/19. Trifolium fragiferum L. (Strawberry Clover). Damp groove in 

field, Bardsey Island, SH1121, M.Atkinson, det. K.Spurgin. Previously 

recorded only from the extreme north coast of V.c. 49. 

+207/9. Lathyrus palustris L. (Marsh Pea). Clambering through 

Phragmites austral'is along drainage channel and extending a short 

distance into adjoining field, c.0.5km S of Caerhun Church and Roman 

Fort near Tyn-y-Groes, SH7769, R.Lewis, 19B8. Three further colonies 

were notes in the same 1km square in 1988. All four colonies are 

additional to that recorded in 1987. 

* 207 /11. Lathyrus montanus var. tenuifol i liS (Roth) Garcke sUbvar. 

angustissimus (Rouy) Asch.& Graeb. Ca bitter-vetch). Very boggy ground 

on bank of River Cwmllan, Cwmllan near Nantgwynant, SH6251, Lars 

J.Larsen, 1988. First record for variety. 

*225/1x8can. Rosa x wheldonii Wolley-Dod (R. arvensis x R. canina) (a 

hybrid rose). Wend of Porth Neigwl, below Rhiw, SH2327, A.P.Conolly, 

1988, det. A.L.Primavesi.First record. 

225/8can. Rosa canina L. s.s. (Dog-rose). The segregate has now been 

recorded from several 10km squares in the Lleyn Peninsula, +SH12, 

+SH13, +SH22, +SH23, +SH24, +SH32, +SH33, all A.P.Conolly, 1988, conf. 

A.L.Primavesi. 

225/8dum. Rosa dumetorum Thuill. (Thicket Dog-rose). +Uchmynydd, 

SH1525, A.P.Conolly, 1988, conf. A.L.Primavesi. 

+235/2b. Sedum telephium L. subsp. fabaria (Koch) Kirschleger 

(Orpine). Grass verge at side of lane on E side of B5106, c.0.75km N 

of Tyn-y-Groes, SH7872, R.Lewis, 1988. 

+!235/11. Sedum reflexum L. (Reflexed Stonecrop). Garden throw-out, 

The Beacons, Conwy Morfa, SH7678, J.A.Green & T.C.G.Rich, 1987. 

+242/1. Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L. (Opposite-leaved 

Golden-saxifrage). Near Gyfelan-fawr, SH1932, A.P.Conolly, 1988. 

+293/1. Conopodium majus (Gouan) Loret (Pignut). Near Methlem, SH1730, 

A.P.Conolly, 1986. 

+319/2. Euphorbia lathyris L. (Caper-spurge). At base of garden wall, 

roadside at junction of B5106 & B5279 at Tyn-y-Groes, SH7771, R.Lewis, 

1988. 

53

Caernarfon 

+325/18. Rumex conglomeratus Murray (Clustered Dock). Near Trefgraig, 

SH1831, 1986; SH1931, 1988, both A.P.Conolly, 1988. 

+!342/4. Populus nigra L. s.s. (Black Poplar). Three trees in 

hedgerow, 0.5km N of Roewen, SH7572, R.Lewis, 1988, conf. N.Brown. 

+362/2. Callitriche platycarpa Kutz (Various-leaved Water-starwort). 

Penrhos marshes, SH3433, A.P.Conolly & A.Vaughan Jones, 1971, det. 

C.A.Stace, 1988. 

+1378/2. Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. (Garden Privet). Deganwy, 

SH7878, G.Battershall et al., 1987. 

+1393/1. Borago officinalis L. (Borage). Spontaneous weed in ancient 

garden near church, Llaniestyn, SH2463, A.P.Conolly, 1988. Second 

record for mainland Lleyn although well-known on Bardsey Island. 

!406/2. Calystegia pulchra Brummit & Heywood (Hairy Bindweed). 

Clambering in hedgerow at side of lane (B5279) between Tyn-y-Groes and 

Talycafn, SH7771, R.Lewis, 1988. 

*!409/2. Lycium chinense Miller (China Teaplant). One bush at edge of 

small wood near Talycafn, SH7872, J.A.Green et al., 1987. 

+1420/2. Linaria purpurea (L.) Miller (Purple Toadflax). Roadside 

hedgebank between Conway and Hendre c.0.5km SW of Conway, SH7776, 


1424/5. Scrophularia vernalis L. (Yellow Figwort). Deganwy, SH7878, 

G.Battershall et al., 1987. First record since 1956 for this square. 

+445/3x5. Mentha x gentilis L. (M. arvensis x M. spicata) (Bushy 

Mint). River below Porth Dinllaen Farm, SH2740, A.P.Conolly, 1988, 

conf. C.A.Stace. 

+1445/4x5. Mentha x piperita L. (M. aquatica x M. spicata) 

(Peppermint). At side of stream in open grassland above Isallt Farm, S 

of lane between Roewen and Youth Hostel, c.1km W of Roewen, SH7472, 


• 1461/arg. Lamiastrum argentatum Smejkal (Variegated Yellow 

Archangel). Nanhoron Woods, SH2831; +also garden refuse dump Marchros, 

SH3126,both A.P.Conolly, 1988. First and second records. 

+538/4. Arctium minus Bernh. s.s. (Lesser Burdock). Near Penllech, 

SH2234i +also Porth Dinllaen, SH2740i +and near, Abersoch, SH3028, all 

A.P.Conolly, 1988, conf. F.H.Perring. 

*540/8. Cirsium dissectum (L.) Hill (Meadow Thistle). Wellington 

marsh, Mynyddo, SH33, E.M.Pulford, 1988, conf. T.Blackstock. First 

record. 

+1546/1. Cichorium intybus L. (Chichory). On bank of new road, Iolyn 

Park, Henryd, SH7775, W.H.Tucker et al., 1987. 

+558/1/240b. Hieracium umbellatum subsp. bichlorophyllum (Druce & 

Zahn) P.D.Sell & C.West (a hawkweed). Near Trefgraig, SH1931, 

A.P.Conolly, 1988, det. J.Bevan.& D.McCosh. 

54

Denbigh 

+55/1. Nymphaea alba L. (White Water-lily). Pond surrounded by 

woodland, Coed Cerrig y Wyallt c.1.7km S of Talycafn, SH7870, R.Lewis, 

1988. 

*!65/1. Corydalis solida (L.) Swartz (Bird-in-a-bush). Old garden 

100yds from burnt out building, SJ4047, G.A.Spencer, 1988. 

75/1. Crambe maritima L. (Sea-kale). Two plants on shingle by 

promenade, Pensarn, SH9478, P.Day, 1988. 

+80/2. Coronopus didymus (L.) Srn. (Lesser Swine-cress). Several plants 

in farm lane near manure heap, Penley near Bangor on Dee, SJ4142, 

J.A.Green, 1988. Second record. 

+!100/3. Arabis caucasica Schlecht. (Garden Arabis). Old quarry face, 

Pen y Graig, Froncysyllte, SJ2640, G.Emery, 1988. Second record. 

+$123/12. Silene noctiflora L. (Night-flowering Catchfly). Weed in 

field of Brassica, Llansantffraid Glan Conway, SH7974, R.Lewis, 1988. 

Second record. 

*!141/6. Arenaria balearica L. (Mossy Sandwort). Two patches on rock 

of cutting by gatehouse on lane behind Old Rectory wall, Glan Conway, 

SH8076, E.Chicken, 1988. First record. 

+166/1. Linum bienne Miller (Pale Flax). Uncultivated grassy bank, 

Aberconway Nursery, Graig, c.1km S of Llansantffraid Glan Conway, 

SH7974, R.Lewis, 1988. 

+!166/2. Linum usitatissimum L. (Flax). Several plants setting seed on 

verge of new Ruabon bypass, Ruabon, SJ3043, Capt.Bell & M.Roberts; 

+and SJ2943, G.A.Spencer, both 1988. First and second post-1930 

records for Denbs. 

*!211/8. Rubus spectabilis Pursch (Salmonberry). Isolated colony 

naturalized on canal edge, Llangollen, SJ1943, G.A.Spencer, 1988, 

conf. A.Newton. First record. 

+1215/3. Fragaria x ananassa (F. chiloensis x F. virginiana) (Garden 

Strawberry). Steep grassy bank, roadside, E side of A470 c.0.5km S of 

Talycafn, SH7870, R.Lewis, 1988. 

+!239/5x4. Saxifraga x urbium D.A.Webb (S. spathularis x S. umbrosa) 

(Londonpride). Edge of woodland, Coed Ty Gwyn W of Eglwys bach, 

SH7970, R.Lewis, 1988. 

+320/10. Polygonum lapathifolium L. (Pale Persicaria). In field 

cultivated with Brassica sp. S of Garth, c.0.75km S of Llansantffraid 

Glan Conway, SH7974, R.Lewis, 1988. 

+343/11x12b. Salix x reichardtii A.Kerner (S. caprea x S. cinerea). 

Wet ditch, Wrexham Industrial Estate, SJ3849, J.A.Green, 1988, det. 

R.D.Meikle. 

*!345/1. Rhododendron luteum Sweet (Yellow Azalea). Numerous bushes, 

sometimes dominant in wet ground in wood, Coed Cerrig y Wyallt near 

Talycafn, SH7870, probably planted originally but now seeding freely; 

+also in woodland surrounding Llyn Syberi c.2km S of Talycafn, SH7869, 

both R.Lewis, 1988. First record and second records. 

56

Anglesey 

ANGLESEY, V.c. 52 (comm. R.H.Roberts) 

21/6. Dryopteris carthusiana (ViII.) H.P.Fuchs (Narrow Buckler-fern). 

Acid bog, Cars Bodwrog, SH4177, R.H.Roberts, 1988. 

46/20. Ranunculus circinatus Sibth. (Fan-leaved Water-crowfoot). 

Lateral ditch of Afon Cefni SE of Parc Sais, SH4572, C.D.Preston & 

N.F.Stewart, 1988. 

*343/2x4. Salix x rubens Schrank (S. alba x fragilis) (a hybrid 

willow). With Salix aurita and S. cinerea subsp. oleifolia on E margin 

of Llyn yr Wyth-eidion, SH4781, C.D.Preston & N.Stewart, 1988, det. 

R.D.Meikle. 

+$343/11x9. Salix x sericans Tausch ex A.Kerner (S. caprea x S. 

viminalis) (a hybrid willow). Several bushes, apparently planted 

originally growing on E side of Llyn Maelog; and W bank of inflow 

stream S of Llyn Maelog, both SH3272, C.D.Preston & N.Stewart, 1988, 

det. R.D.Meikle. 

+577/16. Potamogeton trichoides Cham. & Schlecht. (Hair-like 

Pondweed). Lateral ditch of Afon Cefni, SH4572, C.D.Preston & 

N.Stewart, 1988. First record in this square for almost 200 years. 

*643/1x636/1. xDactylogymnadenia cookei (H.-Harrison) Soo 

(Dactylorhiza fuchsii x Gymnadenia conopsea) (a hybrid orchid). 

Disused limestone quarry, Talwrn, SH4977, N.H.Brown, 1988. First 

record. 

677/1. Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv. (Whorl-grass). Main ditch, Cors 

Bodwrog, below Bodewran, SH4077; ditch near Bodrwyn, Cerrigceinwen. 

SH4173, both R.H.Roberts, 1988. 

59

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