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RM2ANHA2H–Human anatomy, including structure and development and practical considerations . leg and foot, showing cutaneousnerves of anterior surface. I340 HUMAN ANATOMY. and first, second and third sacral nercs. Lcaxiii^^ the pelvis throiit,rh the jjreatersacro-sciatic foramen below the pyriformis, and j)assin.i,^ through the gluteal re,i,Honand upper part of the thit^di as the inner portion of the t,n-eat sciatic nerve, it becfimesan independent trunk at the point of bifurcation of the sciatic. Emerj^ing frombeneath the hamstring muscles and descending vertically through the middle of the I-k;. 1118.
RM2AGC8EK–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Fig. 215.—Nerves of the head (from Arnold) seen from the side: a, Needle directedalong orbital route (Matas) into foramen rotundum; b, Hartel route to gasserian gang-lion. (Hartel.) 588 LOCAL ANESTHESIA then we find that it traverses the fossa infratemporalis, and passeson exactly in the middle line between the ascending branch of thelower jaw and the tuber ma
RM2ANEJ86–Human anatomy, including structure and development and practical considerations . ^helicotreiiia SiHla vestibuli Scala tynipair ModiohiArea cochlearis Area vestibularis inferio Internal auditory canal Foramen sinsulare. Lamina spiralis ossea Canalis spiralis modioli Facial canalCrista falciformis .A.rea vestibularissuperior Cochlea and bottom of internal auditory canal exposed by vertical section passin.s; parallel with zygoma; prepara-tion has been turned so that cochlea rests with its base downward and apex pointing upward. X 5. zontally outward, somewhat forward and downward, and reaches al
RM2AM4BTT–A system of surgery / Benjamin Bell . Luxations of the Femur Ch. XL. which it pafled out. But where the limbis only pulled downward in the ufualway, the head of the bone will be forcedagainfl the projecting brim of the focketif the diflocation is upward : or it willbe drawn to a ftill greater diftance fromthe joint where the bone is diilocatedeither directly downward, or lodged inthe foramen ovale in the upper and in^ner part of the thigh. Wherever thehead of the bone may be lodged, itmould be completely raifed above anyprojecting part of the contiguous bonesbefore any other attempt is made fo
RM2AXH52W–Lectures on the American eclectic system of surgery . ament, particularly the cotaloid ligament, which greatlydeepens the acetabulum, is subject to too much violence notto be occasionally dislocated. The thigh bone being insertedinto it obliquely, requires the more study to understand itsmechanism and derangements. Four distinct dislocations require to be noticed. The headof the femur may be thrown, 1st, upioard, on the Dorsum ofthe Ilium (Fig. 49); 2d, downward into the Foramen Ovale,(Fig. 50); 3d, backward into the Ischiatic Notch (Fig. 51); 4th,forward and upward onto the pubes, (Fig. 52.)
RM2AXE33W–Medical and physical researches, or, Original memoirs in medicine, surgery, physiology, geology, zoology, and comparative anatomy . width of the spinal canal, nearly three inches. PI. 28, fig. 1, represents another vertebra of the na-tural size, and as it presents no mark for the attachmentof a rib, must also be referred to the lumbar region ; it isnearly as long again as it is broad, being in total lengthtwelve and a half inches, and not exceeding seven inchesin diameter, and is nearly cylindrical, excepting in thevicinity of the processes. The blind foramen is almostobsolete. The spinous pro
RM2AX3RAT–The etiology of osseous deformities of the head, face, jaws and teeth . - asymmetrical, the right being very prom-inent and of irregular contour; the palatal vault is of mediumheight, the teeth regular and the maxilla well developed; themeasurements are: THE HEAD, FACE, JAWS AND TEETH 155 Horizontal index, Circumference, - . . Posterior demi-circumference, Tranverse diam., - Anterior demi-circumference, Longitudinal diam., Bi-frental diam., Bi-mastoid diam., Bi-zygomatic diam., - Root of nose to occipital protuberance, - Over vertex between auditory meati, Foramen magnum to sup. occipital angl
![Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . Fal, nl:the . e parvae Righ Internal petro i:zi c Circu lar sinus. THE MEMBRANES OF THE BRAIN. 20. an outer—endosteal—which forms the internal periosteum of the bones, and an inner which sendsoff the dural processes, falx cerebri, etc. Between the two layers the sinuses are placed.—Ed.] [The dura mater is continuous through the optic foramen with the periosteum of the orbit,through the foramen magnum with the dura of the cord, and through the various other foraminaat the base of the skull where nerves enter or emerge it sends processes. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AJ9RYC/atlas-and-text-book-of-topographic-and-applied-anatomy-fal-nlthe-e-parvae-righ-internal-petro-izi-c-circu-lar-sinus-the-membranes-of-the-brain-20-an-outerendostealwhich-forms-the-internal-periosteum-of-the-bones-and-an-inner-which-sendsoff-the-dural-processes-falx-cerebri-etc-between-the-two-layers-the-sinuses-are-placeded-the-dura-mater-is-continuous-through-the-optic-foramen-with-the-periosteum-of-the-orbitthrough-the-foramen-magnum-with-the-dura-of-the-cord-and-through-the-various-other-foraminaat-the-base-of-the-skull-where-nerves-enter-or-emerge-it-sends-processes-2AJ9RYC.jpg "Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . Fal, nl:the . e parvae Righ Internal petro i:zi c Circu lar sinus. THE MEMBRANES OF THE BRAIN. 20. an outer—endosteal—which forms the internal periosteum of the bones, and an inner which sendsoff the dural processes, falx cerebri, etc. Between the two layers the sinuses are placed.—Ed.] [The dura mater is continuous through the optic foramen with the periosteum of the orbit,through the foramen magnum with the dura of the cord, and through the various other foraminaat the base of the skull where nerves enter or emerge it sends processes. Stock Photo")
RM2AJ9RYC–Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . Fal, nl:the . e parvae Righ Internal petro i:zi c Circu lar sinus. THE MEMBRANES OF THE BRAIN. 20. an outer—endosteal—which forms the internal periosteum of the bones, and an inner which sendsoff the dural processes, falx cerebri, etc. Between the two layers the sinuses are placed.—Ed.] [The dura mater is continuous through the optic foramen with the periosteum of the orbit,through the foramen magnum with the dura of the cord, and through the various other foraminaat the base of the skull where nerves enter or emerge it sends processes.
RM2AJ62YB–A manual of obstetrics . Fig. 16.—Ch.intreuils method of pelvicmeasurement. ^6 A MANUAL OF OBSTETRICS. ligament to the upper and anterior margin of the greatsacrosciatic foramen; this is 2 cm. (0.7874 in.) shorter thanthe transverse diameter. The oblique or diagonal diametersof the pelvis measure 22 cm. (8.6614 in.). They are inght. Male pelvis seen from the front (Dickinson) and left, and extend from one anterior superior spinous pro-cess of the ilium to the opposite posterior superior spinousprocess, which may be recognized by the distinct indentationoverlying it. This measurement is taken w
RM2AGDKGK–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Fig. 162.—The supra-orbital foramen is located at the junction of the inner andmiddle thirds of the supra-orbital margin; a line drawn from this point, passing betweenthe two bicuspids of the upper and lower jaw, should pass over the infra-orbital and men-tal foramina. (After Sobotta and McMurrich.) inner angle of the face; if a wall of anesthesia is now carri
RM2AJAPGJ–Operative gynecology : . Fig. 37.—The Topography of the Fixed Part of the Bladder. The Vesical Cornua lie to theRight and Left of the Ureteral Orifices, Just in Front of the Broad Ligaments. sacral and lateral pelvic regions. The distribution of the superior hemor-rhoidal vessels is also seen. The sacral plexus of nerves is seen to emergefrom the sacral foramina, forming the lumbo-sacral cord, and the first, second, 72 TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY. third, fourth, and fifth sacral cords, which converge toward the great sacro-sciatic foramen, to unite in the sciatic nerve. The sacral ganglia of the. Fi
RM2AWK030–Operative surgery, for students and practitioners . er margin of the foramen rotundum. The internal carotid artery enters the cranium through the fora-men lacerum medium and passes forward, along the side of the bodyof the sphenoid, enveloped by the cavernous sinus, the sinus being,as it were, wrapped entirely around the artery. (One could not woundthe artery in this situation without first cutting into the sinus.)Anteriorly, at the inner side of the anterior clinoid process, the in-ternal carotid, after giving ofE its ophthalmic branch, turns upwardand, passing through an opening in the dura
RM2AWEKBA–A practical treatise on artificial crown- and bridge-work . en the apicalforamen is open, one injection is usu-ally sufficient to cure an abscess; butwhen the foramen is closed and theabscess is treated through the gum,several injections are sometimes ne-cessary. In case of blind abscess, thethird form, first clean and disinfectthe root-canal, then at intervals injectthe abscess through the foramen with peroxide of hydrogenuntil the formation of pus ceases, placing cotton saturated withil of cloves loosely in the canal to exclude foreign suhstances.Should this treatment fail, an opening throug
RM2AN5B15–Carpenter's principles of human physiology . s, a translation of hispaper entitled Die Ergebnisse neuerer Untersuchung, &c, in Fosters Journal of Physio-logy, vol. i. 1878, p. 196. STRUCTURE OF THE SPINAL CORD. 565 mence with the Cranio-Spinal Axis; which, as already pointed out, may beconsidered as constituting the fundamental portion of this apparatus. Theentire Axis is divided into its Cranial and its Spinal portions, the passage ofthe Cord through the foramen magnum of the occipital bone being con-sidered to mark the boundary between them; and although the separation ofthe Medulla Spinalis
![A system of practical medicine . )ecial symptoms, due to inter-ference with the veins which communicate with the extracranial veins,are present. The lateral sinus communicates with these veins by meansof, first, a small vein which passes through the ])()sterior condyloid fora-men, and, secondly, by means of another small vein which passesthrough the mastoid foramen (see Figs. 51 and 52). The latter, which 1 Journ. Amer. Med. Amoc, 1892, xix. pp. 690, 725. *See also Janscn : Archivf. Ohrenheilk., Leipzig, 1893, xxxv. and xxxvi. THROMBOSIS OF THE SINUSES OF THE DURA MATER. 393 is the most import Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AWHPJF/a-system-of-practical-medicine-ecial-symptoms-due-to-inter-ference-with-the-veins-which-communicate-with-the-extracranial-veinsare-present-the-lateral-sinus-communicates-with-these-veins-by-meansof-first-a-small-vein-which-passes-through-the-sterior-condyloid-fora-men-and-secondly-by-means-of-another-small-vein-which-passesthrough-the-mastoid-foramen-see-figs-51-and-52-the-latter-which-1-journ-amer-med-amoc-1892-xix-pp-690-725-see-also-janscn-archivf-ohrenheilk-leipzig-1893-xxxv-and-xxxvi-thrombosis-of-the-sinuses-of-the-dura-mater-393-is-the-most-import-2AWHPJF.jpg "A system of practical medicine . )ecial symptoms, due to inter-ference with the veins which communicate with the extracranial veins,are present. The lateral sinus communicates with these veins by meansof, first, a small vein which passes through the ])()sterior condyloid fora-men, and, secondly, by means of another small vein which passesthrough the mastoid foramen (see Figs. 51 and 52). The latter, which 1 Journ. Amer. Med. Amoc, 1892, xix. pp. 690, 725. *See also Janscn : Archivf. Ohrenheilk., Leipzig, 1893, xxxv. and xxxvi. THROMBOSIS OF THE SINUSES OF THE DURA MATER. 393 is the most import Stock Photo")
RM2AWHPJF–A system of practical medicine . )ecial symptoms, due to inter-ference with the veins which communicate with the extracranial veins,are present. The lateral sinus communicates with these veins by meansof, first, a small vein which passes through the ])()sterior condyloid fora-men, and, secondly, by means of another small vein which passesthrough the mastoid foramen (see Figs. 51 and 52). The latter, which 1 Journ. Amer. Med. Amoc, 1892, xix. pp. 690, 725. *See also Janscn : Archivf. Ohrenheilk., Leipzig, 1893, xxxv. and xxxvi. THROMBOSIS OF THE SINUSES OF THE DURA MATER. 393 is the most import
RM2AGBPRJ–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. b b Fig. 257.—Position of needle for in- Fig. 258.—Position of needle for mu- jection in upper canine: a, Labial injec- cous anesthesia in upper first bicuspid,tion; 6,palatal injection. (After Fischer.) x^bove is seen the infra-orbital foramen: a, Buccal injection; 6, palatal injection.
RM2AGEMN9–. Journal of comparative neurology. lcus is to beformed, although it is not actually present in these sections. Fig. 8 Section through rostral part of the foramen, 100 microns rostral to figure7. The lateral olfactory area is represented chiefly by cell masses adjacent tothe diagonal band. The nucleus caudatus begins to be separated from this areaby the crus entering the hemisphere. The lentiform proliferation is larger andthe clear space just above it, which corresponds to the zona limitans lateralis inlower vertebrates, is present from this level forward. Fig. 9 Section through the rostral w
RM2AX17XY–The pathology and surgical treatment of tumors . axillary gland. Tlic tumor presents itselfas a smooth or lobulated, rapid-growing mass, which in a shorttime involves the entire gland, and after perforation of its capsuleextends in all directions, notably beneath the sterno-mastoid muscletoward the pharynx and the external ear, often implicating the facialnerve as it issues from the stylo-mastoid foramen (Iig. 429). Thewriter has seen two cases of parotid sarcoma in which the facial nervewas completely paralyzed at the time of the operation. In eachin.stance it was found that the tumor had ext
RM2AJAF2C–Operative gynecology : . ter muscle of the rectum. tuberosity of the ischium. Just inside the tuber ischii the fibers of the internal obturator muscle are seen arising from the inner surface of the obturator foramen and the adjacent pubic ramus and converging to the tendon, which passes out of the lesser sacro-sciatic foramen. The great sacro-sciatic ligament has been cut away in order to expose the levator ani muscle in its entirety.6* 82 TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY. The line of origin of the levator ani is well shown, stretching from the innersurface of the pubic arch, about 3 mm. below its horizo
RM2AM4FE4–Obstetrics : the science and the art . are at the bottom of the drawing on the right, e,/,while just behind the acetabulum may be seen projecting backwardsthe spine of the ischium. At h is the tuberosity of the ischium, andthe pubis (at &), whose descending ramus drops downwards to meetand unite with the ascending branch of the ischium, h is the foramenovale, foramen thyroidean, or obturator foramen; /, in the bottom ofthe cup, is the acetabulum; g is the spina ischii. I now present an inside view of the right os innominatum, in Fig.13. 1 lore the letter a is placed on the symphyseal end of th
RM2AN3E0Y–Roentgen diagnosis of diseases of the head . he skull(through the right foramen parietale) and in the diploe, in thecase of a large tumor of the right cerebral hemisphere which 21In one of the cases demonstrated to us by Barany, there existed a mastoid emis-sary on the right Mile the size of the little linger. From this a very plainly visible andpalpable vein made its exit, pulsating synchronously with the systole. INTRACRANIAL DISEASES 231 had eroded the inner surface of the skull. Smith referred to thefact that, in the people of the Balkan peninsula, the retrobreg-matic Pacchionian grooves a
RM2AWFW4B–A guide to the fossil invertebrate animals in the Department of geology and palaeontology in the British museum (Natural history) . s the lofty hinge-areaof the peduncle valve. The delthyrium is covered by a single pseudo-deltidium, through which the peduncle passed by the foramen. right, and continuing on the middle and bottom shelves inthe same manner. By attending to this, the genera men-tioned in the following account will readily be found. In those Brachiopoda that appear to be the simplest andoldest, the shells are not as a rule joined by any hinge(Diagram 7). These have therefore been c
RM2ANF7CR–A text-book of clinical anatomy : for students and practitioners . noid space in childrenthan in adults, and are a frequent cause of death after forceps opera-tions. The foramen of Magendie may become closed during infancy,so that the fluid within the ventricles (where the cerebrospinal liquid issecreted) accumulates, causing a condition known as hydrocephalus. Inthis the lateral ventricles become enormously distended, causing pres-sure-atrophy of the surrounding brain and producing an increase in thesize of the head through separation of the bones so that the face seems likea mere parasite up
RM2AGD31T–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. curvedbone surface and catches the foramen from the broad side (Fig. 203,diagonal vertical section through the left sphenoid bone and petrousportion of the temporal bone). In.addition I might remark that theplanum infratemporal in the cadaver skull, with soft parts ijt situ,always offers to the puncture needle a completely smooth and hardbone surface, while th
RM2AKHHRW–A practical treatise on artificial crown- and bridge-work . f the mouth changes color. This changein color is largely the result of the evaporation of the water from the organicportion of the tooth. Now, if the apical foramen of such a tooth be closed, andthe tooth be then placed in water, or preferably, glycerin and water, in a shorttime it will regain nearly its original color, and at the same time it will be foundthat it has increased in weight. This meann, of course, that the entire tooth hasabsorbed from the surface a certain quantity of the fluid, and this fluid has pene-trated every par
RM2AWJ8W8–The anatomist's vade mecum : a system of human anatomy . ament, and behind with the gluteus maximus, to some ofthe fibres of which it gives origin. By its superior border it formspart of the boundary of the lesser ischiatic foramen, and by its lower * The ligaments of the pelvis and hip-joint. 1. The lower part of the ante-rior common ligament of the vertebras, extending downwards over the frontof the sacrum. 2. The lumbo-sacral ligament. 3. The lumbo-iliac liga-ment. 4. The anterior sacro-iliac ligaments. 5. The obturator membrane.6. Pouparts ligament. 7. Gimbernats ligament. 8. The capsular
RM2AKT23H–Principles and practice of operative dentistry . ing teeth of a kitten injected for thispurpose. The veins are also numerous and somewhat largerthan the arteries. The blood-supply, however, is bettershown in Fig. 187, which is ma#e from an injected humandecidulous molar. They form frequent anastomoses nearthe surface, as shown in Fig. 188, which is also made froman injected specimen. Lymphatics have never been demon-strated in the pulp. Noyes * (1918) claims to have demon-strated them. The nerves of the pulp enter the apical foramen either in asimple large trunk or by several smaller ones. The
RM2AN6E50–The treatment of fractures . - are recorded. Death usually occursinstantly. Perhaps one person in fifty thus injured recoversers). PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 5 1 Prognosis.— The prognosis depends upon the amount of in-jury to the spinal cord. The prognosis is less grave than it wasthought to be a few years ago. There is a probability of savinga limited number of cases. In general, the nearer the fractureapproaches the medulla oblongata and the foramen magnum, themore serious does the outlook become. Patients with fracturein the dorsal and lumbar regions die in the course of monthsfrom cystitis, p
RM2AWGCGG–Catalogue of the fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural history) ..By Richard Lydekker .. . bit relatively very large; fronto-nasal region very wide and somewhat convex, narrowing sud-denly towards the rostrum, and facial profile forming a sudden dip in advance of orbit; parietals forming an acute ridge between supratemporal fossae. Parietal foramen placed entirely in frontals. Teeth minute, and ap-parently in some instances disappearing from the anterior part of the rostrum in the adult. Paddles (fig. 32) very similar to those of /. tenuirostris ; but the humerus relative
RM2AWHM3P–A system of human anatomy, general and special . m, which lines the alveolus, and isthen reflected upon the root of the tooth as far as its neck. The incisor teeth (cutting teeth) are named from presenting asharp and cutting edge, formed *t the expense of the posterior sur- of the left orbit, s. The optic foramen, t. The groove for the last turn of the internalcarotid artery converted into a foramen by the developement of an osseous communica-tion between the anterior and middle clinoid processes, v. The sella Turcica, z. Theposterior clinoid process. » Permanent teeth, a. Central incisor, b.
RM2AG530Y–. The science and practice of dental surgery. derm; h. Entoderm; pm.Parietal mesoderm; vm. Visceral mesoderm; pe. Primitive endocardium ;hp. Heart plates; ppc, Pleuro-pericardial cavity; pp. Pericardialplates; c, Coelom; am. Amnion. The Notochord is formed from tlieentoderm in the region of the medullary groove. Coalescence of the palatine portions of the naso-frontal, lateral nasal, and maxillary processescommences at the anterior palatine foramen andextends both forwards and backwards from this point, the lip and tlie uvnla being the last partsto unite; so that a cleft lip or cleft uvula may
RM2AKFJE6–Elements of animal physiology, chiefly human . —Articular process.Lamina or Plate, Spinous process. Lamina or Plate.Articular i .. Transverse process. Lateral Notch to formLateral Foramen. rig. 10. Top of a Vertebra. latches by the superposition of which the intefrvei^tehratforamina, (lateral apertures), by which the spinal nerves Facet for head of Eib, Body or Centrum. - Facet for head of Kib. Lateral Notch to form,Lateral Foramen,. lateral Notch to forinLateral Foramen, —--Transverse process. — Spinous piocess. Fig. 11. Side of a Vertebra. leave the spinal canal, are formed—articular surfatt
RM2AKG285–General and dental pathology with special reference to etiology and pathologic anatomy; a treatise for students and practitioners . e is no collateral circulation in the pulp, so that any in-jury to the blood vessels at the apex affects the vitality of theentire pulp. As shown by A. Hopewell-Smith its veins are valve-less and noncollapsible.2 Noyes has recently demonstrated that lymphatics exist in thepulp. Nerves of the Pulp.—One or more nerve filaments enter thepulp through the apical foramen, each filament being composedof from ten to thirty medullated nerve fibers. These nervesenter with t
RM2AWJ3NK–A system of human anatomy, general and special . e-neath. The transverse processes are quite rudimentary, not bifid, * The upper surface of the atlas. 1. The anterior tubercle projecting from the ante-rior arch. 2. The articular surface for the odontoid process upon the posterior surfaceof the anterior arch. 3. The posterior arch, with its rudimentary spinous process. 4. Theintervertebral notch. 5. The transverse process. 6. The vertebral foramen. -7. Supe-rior articular surface. 8. The tubercle for the attachment of the transverse li<rament.The tubercle referred to is just above the head o
RM2AN4CH0–Roentgen diagnosis of diseases of the head . ating line from the root of the nose to the mostanterior edge of the foramen magnum (length of skull base,100 mm.). In addition one obtains several are measurements,the most important of which are the greatest horizontal circum-ference (520 mm.) and the arc of the vault between the ex-ternal auditory meati (315 mm.). According to the suggestion of Eetzius, one usually deter-mines the arithmetrical relation between the linear diameters, inorder, in this way, to learn a uniform numerical expression forthe fundamental shape of the skull. Most often the
RM2AGBN4A–. Outlines of zoology. e lie from be- ff MMt! PA PMX hind forwards the following » i«i!H»«.l« components: — The median ?raBtmuii m basioccipital; the median MrllwHl -^-^fX basisphenoid, which lodgesthe pituitary body in a dorsaldepression called the sellaturcica; the paired alisphen-oids fused to the sides of thebasisphenoid ; the median pre-sphenoid, which forms thelower margin of the optic errforamen between the two orbits ; the paired orbitosphen- Qp oids, fused to the presphenoid. sutured to the alisphenoidsand squamosals, and surround-ing the optic foramen; thevertical pterygoids attached
RM2ANHTBW–Oral surgery; a text-book on general surgery and medicine as applied to dentistry . ion is made over theinfraorbital foramen, the stem of the incision extendingdownward through the cheek. After the nerve is exposed,it may be torn from its peripheral attachment. It is nownecessary to open the canal by chiseling away the bone,making the opening sufficiently large to permit the nerveto be forced back along the floor of the orbit to near itsapex. This is done with a narrow periosteal elevator. Thenerve thus freed is grasped as deeply down as possible bya narrow but strong forceps, and by tugging a
RM2AWHX3C–A system of human anatomy, general and special . 20. The internal border of the spinous process,which assists in the formation of the foramen lacerum basis cranii. 21. That portion ofthe greater ala which articulates with the anterior inferior angle of the parietal bone.22. The portion of the greater ala which articulates with the orbital process of the frontalbone. * The antero-inferior view of the sphenoid bone. 1. The ethmoid spine. 2. The ros-trum. 3. The sphenoidal spongy bone, partly closing the left opening of the sphenoidalcells. 4. The lesser wing. 5. The foramen opticum piercing the
![A manual of operative surgery . FIG. 226.—NERVES OF THE FACE AND THEIR RELATIONS to the arteries OF the region. (From Meckel.) chap, in] TRIFACIAL NERVE, SECOND DIVISION 89 which supplies the bicuspid and canine teeth. The incisor teeth aresupplied by the anterior dental nerve, which arises at the anterior partof the canal close to the infra-orbital foramen. In order, therefore, that all the dental nerves may be severed,the nerve trunk must be divided as far back as Meckels ganglion. The posterior half of the infra-orbital canal is open to the orbit,and exists as a groove merely ; the anterior Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AXGYCX/a-manual-of-operative-surgery-fig-226nerves-of-the-face-and-their-relations-to-the-arteries-of-the-region-from-meckel-chap-in-trifacial-nerve-second-division-89-which-supplies-the-bicuspid-and-canine-teeth-the-incisor-teeth-aresupplied-by-the-anterior-dental-nerve-which-arises-at-the-anterior-partof-the-canal-close-to-the-infra-orbital-foramen-in-order-therefore-that-all-the-dental-nerves-may-be-severedthe-nerve-trunk-must-be-divided-as-far-back-as-meckels-ganglion-the-posterior-half-of-the-infra-orbital-canal-is-open-to-the-orbitand-exists-as-a-groove-merely-the-anterior-2AXGYCX.jpg "A manual of operative surgery . FIG. 226.—NERVES OF THE FACE AND THEIR RELATIONS to the arteries OF the region. (From Meckel.) chap, in] TRIFACIAL NERVE, SECOND DIVISION 89 which supplies the bicuspid and canine teeth. The incisor teeth aresupplied by the anterior dental nerve, which arises at the anterior partof the canal close to the infra-orbital foramen. In order, therefore, that all the dental nerves may be severed,the nerve trunk must be divided as far back as Meckels ganglion. The posterior half of the infra-orbital canal is open to the orbit,and exists as a groove merely ; the anterior Stock Photo")
RM2AXGYCX–A manual of operative surgery . FIG. 226.—NERVES OF THE FACE AND THEIR RELATIONS to the arteries OF the region. (From Meckel.) chap, in] TRIFACIAL NERVE, SECOND DIVISION 89 which supplies the bicuspid and canine teeth. The incisor teeth aresupplied by the anterior dental nerve, which arises at the anterior partof the canal close to the infra-orbital foramen. In order, therefore, that all the dental nerves may be severed,the nerve trunk must be divided as far back as Meckels ganglion. The posterior half of the infra-orbital canal is open to the orbit,and exists as a groove merely ; the anterior
RM2AKWTC8–War surgery of the faceA treatise on plastic restoration after facial injury by John BRoberts ..Prepared at the suggestion of the subsection on plastic and oral surgery connected with the office of the surgeon generalIllustrated with 256 figures . Fie. 6.— Hyoid or lingual bone. (From Cunningham.) The supraorbital foramen is situated at about the juncture ofthe inner third with the middle third of the supraorbital arch.A line drawn from this point downward and slightly outward,so as to cross the space between the two premolar bicuspid teethin the upper and lower jaws, passes over the infraorbi
RM2AGD23A–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. e. into foramen(Hartel.) quirement of adherence to the so-called axis of the trigeminus; thatis, a straight Hne going from the middle of the impressio trigeminiot the petrous portion of the temporal bone through the middle ofthe foramen ovale (Figs. 204, 205). Only a cannula introduced intothe skull in this direction avoids collateral injuries of the tissues a
RM2AJ0NGW–Operative surgery . e infra-orbital fora-men and placing the finger upon it. Then turn up the cheek and make anarrow incision, beginning at the fold of the cheek and maxilla, and carry itupward in the line of the foramen until within a short distance of it, when20 278 OPERATIVE SURGERY. the nerves are divided with a sharp-pointed scissors as they appear at theopening. The nerves can be exposed through an incision made as follows:The Operation.—Make an incision with the convexity downward at thelower margin of the orbit, with the center at the infra-orbital foramen (Fig.308, a). Divide the orbi
RM2AJ4KXJ–Clinical lectures on the principles and practice of medicine . tricles were some-what enlarged, but their lining walls healthy. The foramen of Monro was the size ofa fourpenny piece, its edges very thin. White substance of the fornix and centralportion of the brain healthy. The left corpus striatum atrophied and shrunk through-out, externally of a dull mahogany color, and, on section, composed of a diffluentfawn-colored substance, which flowed out, leaving an irregular cavity the size of ahazel nut. Below the left corpus striatum, the optic thalamus presented, on section,a cribriform appearanc
RM2AKH9K4–Outlines of comparative physiology touching the structure and development of the races of animals, living and extinct : for the use of schools and colleges . Female. Male. small; in the female (fig. 129), it is large. The greatestdiameter is from the sacrum to the pubis in the female, in con-sequence of the sacrum being less curved than in the male. Thespace comprised between the brim and the outlet is called thetrue pelvis, in which the pelvic viscera are lodged. On eachside of the pubic arch a large oval hole (obturator foramen),is formed by the ischium and pubis. It Fig. 131. gives passage
RM2ANGT7W–Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries . heupper lip and membranesof this region, and finallypierces the premaxilla as thesuperior dental artery (37). The internal carotid wr-it ry and its hriiiii-Jii s (tig. IB,pi. i). The internal carotidartery (25) runs mesad andslightly craniad until itreaches the median line, thendorsad for a short distance,accompanied by the internalcarotid of the opposite side.with which it anastomoses toform a single median vessel,the carotis interna impar(!). The latter continuesdorsad, passing through amedian foramen in the basi-sphenoid, and on the ventralsurface of th
RM2AG664E–. Manual of operative surgery. ^FiG. 58.—{Frazier, Jour. A. M. A.) the foramen with a twisted bit of moistened cotton or with bone wax, anddivide the artery (Fig. 56, ). Continue the separation to the foramen ovale.Step 4.—Note the dural reflection on the mandibular division of the nerveas it enters the foramen ovale (Fig. 57). Open this reflection and enlarge theopening until the upper surface of the ganglion is stripped of its dural covering.Follow the ganglion upwards until at the apex of the petrous bone the sensoryroot is seen (Fig. 58). Ophthalmic division. Superior Maxillarydivision.. H
RM2AKCJ15–Surgical anatomy : a treatise on human anatomy in its application to the practice of medicine and surgery . f thecrista galli, runs downward in the groove on the internal surface of the nasal bone,and passes forward between the nasal bone and the upper lateral cartilage to sup-ply the tip of the nose. It supplies branches to the anterior portion of both theouter Avail and the septum of the nose. The naso-palatine nerve is a branch of Meckels ganglion, and enters thenasal fossa with the naso-palatine artery at the spheno-palatiire foramen. It crosseson the body of the sphenoid bone to the septu
RM2AFKY9R–. Local and regional anesthesia : with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and on other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Fig. 138.—Anterior view of sacrum, slightly reduced, showing relative distances to foramen. second foramina, when, after meeting the bone above this opening,if it will be slightly withdrawn and redirected, with the point elevated§ inch and advanced 1 inch further, that it will reach the first sacralforamina (Figs. 139, 140). It is seen, after a study of nu
RM2AG69XW–. Manual of operative surgery. w it. It ison a line drawn from the supraorbital notch to a point between the two bicuspids.Make a curved transverse incision parallel and close to the lower margin of theorbit. Divide the orbicularis muscle in a direction parallel to its fibres. Exposethe nerve as it leaves the infraorbital foramen (Fig. 49). Seize the nerve inforceps, and by traction and torsion extract as much of its trunk from its bonycanal as is possible. In the same fashion extract as much of its terminal twigsas possible from the soft structures in which they run. It is extraordinary howmu
RM2AWYNHH–Diseases of the soft structures of the teeth and their treatment; a text-book for students and practitioners . foramen i- the final desideratum wemust strive for in the permanent filling of a root canal and therebydeposit, as it were, an antiseptic which mechanically occludes theconfined infective organisms and prevents renewal of their growth.The usual procedures at present in vogue with many practitioners. I •• 134. Arborisation of the pulp of an upper second premolar near theapical foramen. I Fischer.) i- t leave doubtful canal- unfilled for some time in anticipation ofsome future disturban
RM2AKHMC7–Botany of the Southern states . esent the ap-pearance represented in Fig. 136, 3, in which n represents thenucleus, a the secundine, or internal membrane of Brown, theinner envelope, and b the primine, or external membrane ofBrown, which is the outer one. These continue to increaseuntil they inclose the nucleus entirely, leaving only a micro-scopic orifice, called the foramen, in the ovule, and micropyle inthe seed. 137. This is the mode of developmentof all ovules that have integuments aroundthe nucleus. The ovule is attached tothe ovary by a bundle of vessels, of greateror less length, which
RM2AKW1N7–Modern surgery, general and operative . forced abduction is apt to push the head of the bone throughthe lower part of the capsule, adislocation occurring primarilyinto the thyroid foramen. Thesigns of the dislocation dependupon the untorn portion of thecapsule. The anterior portion ofthe capsule, including the Y-liga-ment, usually escapes laceration.Vessels are rarely injured. Mus-cles are often torn. In some casesthe sciatic nerve is lacerated,bruised, or caught up on the neckof the femur during the circum-duction of attempted reduction.Four forms of hip-joint disloca-tion are usually describ
RM2AJG1E4–The homeopathic practice of surgery : together with operative surgery . s back, separate the thighs, and fix a«nrth or folded, cloth over the perineum, as directed for counter- 70 DISLOCATIONS — OF THE FEMUR. extension in the former case, — so that Fig. 48. when the two ends are drawn upon,the force will bear against the innerand posterior surface of the bone —that is, from the foramen and towardsthe acetabulum. Pass another stronggirth or band transversely around thepelvis, above the acetabulum, the frontend passing over the former strap (so asto give to it a more upward direction).This cross
RM2ANJBNA–Operative surgery, for students and practitioners . n Scarpas triangle, and accompanies it down alongthe inner side of the thigh, through Hunters canal. At the lowerend of the canal, where the femoral vessels pass through the ad-ductor foramen into the popliteal spac« and just above the internalcondyle, the nerve becomes more superficial, lying beneath the sar-torius; below the knee-joint it l)ecomes subcutaneous, and runs downthe inner side of the leg in company with the internal saphenous vein,and supplies the skin of the leg. Ligation of the Femoral Artery. The Common Femoral.—The common fe
RM2AWHYG1–A system of human anatomy, general and special . in such a manner as toshow the orbito-nasal portion. 1. The grooved ridge for the lodgment of the superiorlongitudinal sinus and attachment of the falx. 2. The foramen caecum. 3. The superioror coronal border of the bone; the figure is situated near that part which is bevelled at theexpense of the internal table. 4. The inferior border of the bone. 5. The orbital plate ofthe left side. 6. The cellular border of the ethmoidal fissure. The foramen caecum (2)is seen through the ethmoidal fissure. 7. The anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina;the
RM2AG2TFC–. The American journal of anatomy. given off from the caudal end ofthe aorta and passed ventrad through aforamen (F.) in the postcaval vein(Text Fig. IX). In its point of originirom the aorta as well as in its distri-bution to the intestines this arteryagreed in all respects with the posteriormesenteric arteries of other mammals.In addition to its branches to the intes-tines it also gave off as branches, afterpassing through the foramen, the twoposterior internal spermatic arteries(A. s. i. p.) which were distributed tothe ovaries in the usual manner.* Owen, 66, has stated that the absence of
RM2AX4R3Y–Surgery; its theory and practice . Uislocalion into obturator foramen. (Coopers Dislocations.) Dislocation on the pubes. more eversion and abduction will there be ; conversely, the nearerit apj)roa(hes the tuberosity of the ischium, the greater its inver-sion and adduction ; whilst when it is disi)lacetl directly down-wards there will be neither eversion nor inver.^ion, adduction norabduction, but marked flexion. 4. Dislocation on to tlie pubes {tlic pubic and subspinous of Bif:;e-iow).—Jhe head of the l)one is thrown forwards and rests belowPouparts ligament, cither upon the ramus of the pube
RM2AGDK50–. Local and regional anesthesia; with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Fig. 163.—Regional anesthesia by way of infra-orbital foramen. (After Fischer.) r^ i 1 I: Li- Fig. 164.— Resulting area of anesthesia after bin kint; both infra-orbital nerves at infra-foramen. (Braun.) of the fifth nerve are involved in the field of operation it is alwayspreferable to block the gasserian ganglion when possible, but for 534 LOCAL ANESTHESL^ va
RM2AWFT6R–Quain's elements of anatomy . rger(fig. 375, i¥), and several smaller openings, which lead into irregularcavities, the mastoid cells, in the substance of the mastoid portion of thetemporal bone. These cells communicate for the most part freely withone another, and are lined by a thin mucous membrane continuous with 438 THE EAE. that of the tympanum. Behind the fenestra ovalis, and directed upwards,is a small conical eminence, called the pyramid., or miinentia jKqjillaris(fig. 374, 375, ^J?/). Its apex is pierced by a foramen, through which thetendon of the stapedius muscle emerges fiom a canal
RM2ANJ7WB–Operative surgery . -cision across theposterior sur-face of the sa-crum two fin-gers breadthabove the sacro-coccygeal artic-ulation ; raisethe soft partsfrom the anteri-or surface of thesacrum below the third sacral foramen ; saw or chisel through the sacrum transversely inthe line of the incision; turn the osteocutaneous flap to the right, andexpose the posterior rectal region. This plan is regarded with specialfavor. Boreliuss Method of Exposure of the Rectum.—Place the patient on theright side with the knees drawn up and the pelvis raised. Make an incisionin the median line from the tip of
RM2AKCCER–Surgical anatomy : a treatise on human anatomy in its application to the practice of medicine and surgery . mmediately under the superior rectus muscle, taking a position betweenthe superior oblique muscle and the internal rectus muscle. After giving off theinfra-trochlear branch, it leaves the orbit through the anterior ethmoid foramen.It then takes the following course : Having passed through the anterior ethmoidforamen, it again becomes an occupant of the cranial cavity, lying between thedura mater and the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Here it leaves thecranial Qa.Viiy through the e
RM2AXJ5R2–A manual of anatomy . Fig. 8o.—The ventral longitudinal lig-ament in the lower thoracic portion ofthe vertebral column, together with thecosto-vertebral ligaments seen from infront. {Sobotla and McMurrich.) Fig. 8i.—The dorsal longitudinal liga-ment in the lower thoracic and upperlumbar portions of the vertebral column.The vertebral arches have been removed.{Sobotta and McMurrich.) ,. Intervertebral foramen. Intervertebral fibrocartilage ? Ligamentum fla vam Fig. 82.—Two thoracic vertcbrze divided longitudinally in the median line and showing theligamenta flava. (Sobotta and McMurrich.) LIGAME
RM2AKPANM–Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass . siibtropeals. qpg- exbr. extrabranchials. r. or rl ebs. ceratobranchials. sbr. fo. foramen. sc. g- gill lamellae. so. hbr. hyobranehials. sp. hm. hyomandibular. X. int. intestine. labials. lateral expansion of rostral. laterarstay. lower jaws. Meckelian. mesopterygium (nsp. pi. 67). nietapterygiuni. maxillaries, quadratopterygoids. prenarial cartilages. nasal valves. opercular cartilages. epibranchials. posterior branchial support. pectoral arch, shoulder girdle. post orbital process. projiterygium. postspiracu
RM2AKHNWY–Outlines of comparative physiology touching the structure and development of the races of animals, living and extinct : for the use of schools and colleges . ace of the occi-pital bone (os occ^zYzs), withits arched protuberances (10),for giving attachment to themuscles of the neck, andthe large aperture (foramenmagnum) (13) serving forthe passage of the spinalcord. The basal portion isseen at (14) ; at each side ofthe foramen magnum are seenthe condyles (16, 16), bywhich the skull rests uponthe first vertebra of the neck,and moves backwards and for-wards thereon. Fig. 90* represents the in-ter
RM2AJ0J0F–Operative surgery . dura,the vessel should be isolated and tied as promptly and securely as possible.If the vessel be torn, prompt i)ressure is applied, the vessel exposed by cut-ting away the bone and then tied with silk. If the main trunk be rup-tured, and can not be otherwise secured, prompt pressure, followed by plug-ging of the foramen spinosum with gauze for three days, will permanentlyarrest the bleeding (Keen). The Third Stage (raising temporo-sphenoidal lobe).—Separate the durafrom the bone carefully with the fingers; raise the brain cautiously with abroad spatula from the middle foss
RM2AJ9407–Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . the slight develop-ment of the outer compact layers and by the preponderance of thespongy substance. Pressure-atrophy is consequently easily producedby tumors growing from within the chest or by aortic aneurysms.Mediastinal abscesses may rupture through a sternal foramen (Fig. 41),the presence of which is dependent upon a developmental disturbance.These foramina, like the very rare congenital fissures of the sternum, arealso important from a medico-legal standpoint, since a comparativelyslight trauma may produce a severe injury, particul
RM2AJ32YF–A practical and systematic treatise on fractures and dislocations . e Hoor. Theluxation has also been known to occur whilea person was entering a carriage, one footbeing on the ground, and the other on thestep of the vehicle, just as the horses sud-thl^l^^ordfo™^^^^ started. In fact, any accident by which the thighs become suddenly and vio-lently separated from each other, may produce the dislocationof one or both femurs into the thj^roid foramen. In most ofthe instances reported the displacement has been caused bythe fall of heavy weights upon the hips, crushing the individ-ual to the earth,
![Practical human anatomy [electronic resource] : a working-guide for students of medicine and a ready-reference for surgeons and physicians . iformis muscle; it continues interiorly, upon thebone (ischium), anterior to the gemellus superior, obturator in-ternus, and gemellus inferior muscles ; it sends a branch to thegemellus inferior muscle, and its terminal portion enters theanterior surface of the quadratus femoris muscle. It is accom-panied by a small branch from the sciatic artery. 53. Parts Emerging at the Great Saero-Seiatie Foramen,Plate 100 —The parts emerging from this foramen are : t Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AX5ADG/practical-human-anatomy-electronic-resource-a-working-guide-for-students-of-medicine-and-a-ready-reference-for-surgeons-and-physicians-iformis-muscle-it-continues-interiorly-upon-thebone-ischium-anterior-to-the-gemellus-superior-obturator-in-ternus-and-gemellus-inferior-muscles-it-sends-a-branch-to-thegemellus-inferior-muscle-and-its-terminal-portion-enters-theanterior-surface-of-the-quadratus-femoris-muscle-it-is-accom-panied-by-a-small-branch-from-the-sciatic-artery-53-parts-emerging-at-the-great-saero-seiatie-foramenplate-100-the-parts-emerging-from-this-foramen-are-t-2AX5ADG.jpg "Practical human anatomy [electronic resource] : a working-guide for students of medicine and a ready-reference for surgeons and physicians . iformis muscle; it continues interiorly, upon thebone (ischium), anterior to the gemellus superior, obturator in-ternus, and gemellus inferior muscles ; it sends a branch to thegemellus inferior muscle, and its terminal portion enters theanterior surface of the quadratus femoris muscle. It is accom-panied by a small branch from the sciatic artery. 53. Parts Emerging at the Great Saero-Seiatie Foramen,Plate 100 —The parts emerging from this foramen are : t Stock Photo")
RM2AX5ADG–Practical human anatomy [electronic resource] : a working-guide for students of medicine and a ready-reference for surgeons and physicians . iformis muscle; it continues interiorly, upon thebone (ischium), anterior to the gemellus superior, obturator in-ternus, and gemellus inferior muscles ; it sends a branch to thegemellus inferior muscle, and its terminal portion enters theanterior surface of the quadratus femoris muscle. It is accom-panied by a small branch from the sciatic artery. 53. Parts Emerging at the Great Saero-Seiatie Foramen,Plate 100 —The parts emerging from this foramen are : t
RM2AFKDDT–. Local and regional anesthesia : with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and on other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Mylohyoid ridge Submaxillary fossa Mylohyoidgroove Fig. i8r.—Variations of the inferior dental foramen at different ages: A, Mandibleof a child, aged seven years (the needle should be inclined slightly downward); B, mandibleof a youth, aged eighteen years; C, mandible of a male adult, aged thirty years. Thearrows indicate the direction of the needle. (Afte
RM2AGAR61–. Annual report of the regents of the university of the state of New York on the condition of the State Cabinet of Natural History and the historical and antiquarian collection annexed thereto. IFiG. 4. The interior of the ventral valve, showing foramen, area, etc. enlarged. Fig. 5. Interior of the dorsal valve enlarged, showing the foveal plates, dental sockets, and the quadripartite muscular impression; the valve slightly distorted.Fig. 6. A similarly enlarged dorsal valve, showing some variations from the preceding. Geological relations. The lowest position-in which this genus is known is i
RM2AFWW3W–. The anatomy and surgical treatment of abdominal hernia. them to the edge of the crural sheath.k. Internal abdominal ring, or upper aperture of the inguinal canal./. Spermatic cord passing through that aperture. m. External iliac artery.n. External iliac vein.o. Epigastric artery and vein.p. Third insertion of the external oblique into the pubes, covered, however, by the fascia transversalis.q. The space by which the crural hernia descends, the finger having passed into it before the drawing was made to push down the fascia which extends over it.r. The thyroideal foramen. Fig. 3. An anterior
RM2AGB0KR–. The Encyclopaedia Britannica; ... A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature. s largely spreading (thetwo lesser ossicles are appearing, but will be better shownin the next stage). The foramen ovale (5) is very large;it is bounded behind by the prootic, and in front by thealisphenoid (a.s.) This great wing has a large centralfenestra, round which the bone has crept. In somewhatyounger specimens this bony matter was in two patches,one above and another below the fenestra. The samething may be seen in arboreal birds, as the CommonSparrow. The stem of the alisphenoid almost meets its
RM2AXBP42–Applied anatomy and oral surgery for dental students . Fig. 11.—Anteroposterior division throuRh the maxillary sinus (Cryer). maxillary sinus from the nasal fossa. At the upper ante-rior portion of this wall is found an oval foramen—theostium maxillare—which affords communication betweenthe maxillary sinus andnniddle meatus, opening directlyinto the hiatus semilunaris. This is the only normal 42 APPLIED ANATOMY opening of the antrum of Highmore, but in certainpathologic conditions more than one opening may bepresent, when the normal opening becomes closed bypressure of the engorged mucous memb
RM2ANJ836–Operative surgery . Operation.—Administer an anesthetic, and place the patienton the right side; make an incision in the median line from the center ofthe sacrum to the anus through the soft parts; detach the ligamentous andfibrous tissues from the left side of the coccyx and the sacrum as high as thethird sacral foramen ; disarticulate and remove the coccyx, and with a gougeremove the lower part of the left side of the sacrum in a curved outline(Fig. 1224) to a level with the lower border of the third sacral foramen; freethe posterior wall of the gut from the connective tissue and muscles, an
RM2ANGAR5–Practical hydropathy, including plans of baths and remarks on diet, clothing and habits of life.. . nd acts from.—See page 13 of this Work. 1. The anterior extremity of the corpus callosum; 2, the anterior corner ofthe lateral ventricles; 3, part of the corpus striatum ; 4, the anterior commissureof the third ventricle; 5, the crura of the fornix ; 7, the thalamus opticus; 8, the fissure between the thalami optici, which is called the third ventricle; 9, the foramen commune posterius ; 11, the pineal gland; 12, the corporaquadrigemina; 13, the corpus geniculatum internum of the thalamus opticu
RM2AN6051–Quarterly journal of microscopical science . fate of the ventral roots of the post-otic myotomes isof importance in determining the posterior limit of the cranium.Cartilage begins to appear in the L stage (Sewertzoff, 17 :Gaupp, 5). Text-fig. 10 shows a reconstructed embryo about50 mm. long. Three ventral roots are present, emerging throughforamina in the cranial cartilage. The anterior one is verythin and belongs to the seventh somite, the remaining two are-tout nerves. The foramina through which tiny p.iss becomeconfluent with the vagus foramen, the vagus lying immediatelylateral of their po
RM2AFKC6B–. Local and regional anesthesia : with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and on other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. o the plane of the teeth (Figs. 183, 187,188, 189). If the direction of the ascending ramus is projected ante-riorly, the line will meet with the other side in the canine region, be-tween the canine and the bicuspids (Figs. 183, 184, 187, 188, 189).Thus, in order to reach the inferior dental foramen the syringe mustbe rested behind the canine on the opposi
RM2AXJCJK–A treatise on dislocations and on fractures of the joints . PLATE I. Shews the positions of the limb in the different dislocationsof the thigh-bone, and in the fracture of the cervix femoris. Fig. 1.The thigh-bone dislocated upwards, upon the dorsum iiii. The leg shorter; the hip projecting; the knee turned in-wards, and the patella at least two inches higher than theother. The foot turned inwards, and the toes resting upon themetatarsal bones of the other foot. The head of the bone isthrown back, and the trochanter major forwards. Fig. 2.The dislocation downwards in the foramen ovale. The leg
RM2AFMM1G–. A practical treatise on fractures and dislocations. Adamss case : o, head of femur; b, obturatorexternus ruptured; c, quadratus femoris rup-tured ; d, sciatic nerve. MacCormacs specimen of recent dorsal dis-location. The head of tlie femur lies just be-hind tlie acetabulum, below the pyriformis.and above the obturator internus und the torngemellus muscles. the middle and upper part of the great ischiatic foramen, behind the pos-terior border of the gluteus medins, and onlv covered bv the ohueusmaxinms and tlie integument. Tliis is an example of a real prininrvdiac dislocation, and the rent i
RM2AKRAFE–Modern surgery, general and operative . r suboccipital depression as done forsubtentorial tumors. The same exposure is obtained in order to remove acerebellar tumor. Drainage of the Cistema Magna (Hayness Operation).—An incision ismade in the middle line from the occipital protuberance to the posterior arch Methods of Reaching the Pituitary Body 833 of the atlas. The periosteum is strii:)ped from a portion of the occipital bone atand above the foramen magnum. The bone is trephined and is cut away intothe foramen magnum. The occipital sinus may not be present. If presentas a double sinus, incis
RM2AJ9Y9T–Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . -f-all i ,,;„!,I,,.,, ,-?-?.-?? - . t njrnEiol ? r roof ofmouspor- Tab. I. Ua parva oss. sphen.fi Ala magna oss. sphenffl Foramen opticumjT^.Fissura orbitalis superiorjJL Processus clinoideus anteriorvSS... Foramen rotundumv^- 1rocessus clinoideus posterk. is acusticus internusSulcus petrosus superiorForamen jugulare loideumdeumpitale magnum sta occipitalis interna THE CRANIUM. 23 tion of the temporal bone (b). The floor of the sella turcica and the lateral walls of the body ofthe sphenoid bone should also be mentioned here, a
RM2AWJ7K0–The hydropathic encyclopedia : a system of hydropathy and hygiene in eight parts ..designed as a guide to families and students, and a text-book for physicians . called olivary. 7.Foramen opticum. 8. Anterior clinoidprocess. 9. The Carotid groove on the ,side of the sella turcica, for the internalcarotid artery and cavernous sinus. 10,11, 12. Middle fossa of the base of theskull: 10 marks the great ala of the sphe-noid ; 11, the squamous portion of thetemporal bone; 12, the petrous portion.13. The sella turcica. 14. liasilar portionof sphenoid and occipital bones. Theuneven ridge between 13 an
RM2AWHP7A–A system of human anatomy, general and special . or maxillary bones. 2. Theincisive, or anterior palatine foramen. 3. The palate process of the palate bone. Thelarge opening near the figure is the posterior palatine foramen. 4. The palate spine; thecurved line upon which the number rests, is the transverse ridge. 5. The vomer, dividingthe openings of the posterior nares. 6. The internal pterygoid plate. 7. The scaphoidfossa. 8. Fhe external pterygoid plate. The interval between 6 and 8 (right side of thefigure), is the pterygoid fossa. 9. The zygomatic fossa. 10. The basilar process of theocci
RM2AXDWRY–Transactions . a. Fused optic nerve of the upper eye.b. Fused optic nerve of the lower eye. c. Foramen magnum of righthand foetus, d. Foramen magnum of left hand foetus, bk1. Cranialnerves of left hand tutus. pp1. Cranial nerves of right handfcetus. scribed, except thai each half was derived from theseparate fcetus. The optic foramen was small, admittingonly a fine bristle. The sphenoidal fissures were two narrow slits directedupwards and outwards, bul the spheno-maxillary fissureswere fairly well developed. The maxillary processes weresmall, conjoined, and there were no incisor teeth. Trans-
RM2AJFYNE–The principles and practice of obstetrics . Forceps m Cavity of Pelvi: Fig 136. ps at Infe T Sinclairs Mi, Phil1 FILLET IN FACE PRESENTATIONS. 339 The author has long believed that there is roomfor version of the head in the pelvis, between the fora-men thyroideum and the great sacro-sciatic foramen.We have already stated that this diameter in thesecond parallel plane, (Plate III., Fig. 12,) measures atleast five inches, which would, therefore, correspond tothe occipito-mental diameter of the head. Therefore,if the head be in an oblique position, we see no reason,especially allowing for some y
RM2AKCTKM–Surgical anatomy : a treatise on human anatomy in its application to the practice of medicine and surgery . Med an tIosso epiglottideanfold Adenoid tissue atbase of tongue Foramen caecum Circumvallate papillaeFungiform papillae SUPERIOR APERTURE OF LARYNX.250 PLATE CCIX, Greater cornu of hyoid bon Lesser cornu of hyoid bonLateral portion of thyro-hyoid membran Internal laryngeal nSuperior laryngeal a Thyroid cartilage Crico-thyroid membraneCrico-thyroid m Lattjral lobe of thyroid glandTrachea Isthmus of thyroid gland. Epiglottis Hyoid bone Central portion of thyro-hyoidmembrane nferior constri
RM2ANHR94–Oral surgery; a text-book on general surgery and medicine as applied to dentistry . Fig. 178.—Exposed Infraorbital Branch of the Fifth Nerve as it EmergesThrough the Infraorbital Foramen, also Where it Rests in theGroove Along the Floor of the Orbit. can be done by neurotomy at the inferior dental canal.When simple avulsion of the third division of the nerve, asshown in figure 179, does not give relief, the bone may bechiseled away down to the central canal from the mental 362 FACIAL NEUEALGIA foramen. An inch or more of the central canal may beopened in this way through the mouth. The nerve i
RM2AFKEAY–. Local and regional anesthesia : with chapters on spinal, epidural, paravertebral, and parasacral analgesia, and on other applications of local and regional anesthesia to the surgery of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and to dental practice. Fig. 17S.—Needle in position in Matas intra-orbital injection within foramen rotundum. (Braun.) sphenomaxillary fossa, and for a short distance through the spheno-maxillary fissure, and emerge upon the rim of the orbit just internal 5 LOCAL ANESTHESIA to its inferior external angle, at a distance of from 4 to 5 cm., varyingsomewhat in different skulls. It
RM2AWF8JC–The anatomy of the nervous system, from the standpoint of development and function . -Ant. hornCentra, part Latcral vnnInf. horn Q viral pari Ant. horn. Fourth ventricle Fourth ventricle v Interventricular for.f Optic recessUJ Infundibulum Third ventricle ^ Inf. hornK* Suprapineal recess^ Cerebral aqueduct lateral recess B Fig. 176.—Two views of the brain ventricles of man: A, Dorsal view; B, lateral view. The anterior horn, or cornu anterius, is the part which lies rostral to theinterventricular foramen. Its roof and rostral boundary are formed by thecorpus callosum. Its medial
RM2AJAR72–A treatise on zoology . fuse to a median bone. The lateralwall of the brain-case between the orbits is strengthened by analisphenoid in the region of the trigeminal foramen, and by anorbitosphenoid near the optic foramen. The antorbital cartilage 2 70 TELEOSTOMI is invaded by the prefrontal (lateral ethmoid), originally a superficialbone, which may sink below the surface in higher forms (p. 345).A median ethmoid may grow into the cartilaginous internasalseptum from above, and sometimes the A^omer also from below.Little paired septomaxillaries (Fig. 237) may occasionally be foundin the nasal ca
![Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . I sscss additional rotid. Th(gupward throi U^a.] iugh the supra- foramen to reach tht Veins.—Only the larj ni is branches form a large-mesh importance from their connection with the interii mial cavity tin- i la and from the fact that they re< i n, frequently single (the vein of an Tab. 2. THE SCALP. 27 region and usually empties into the angular vein. [The angular vein communicates with theophthalmic vein and through it with the cavernous sinus; it thus favors the extension of infectionfrom the face or orbit to the interior, part Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AJ9W1M/atlas-and-text-book-of-topographic-and-applied-anatomy-i-sscss-additional-rotid-thgupward-throi-ua-iugh-the-supra-foramen-to-reach-tht-veinsonly-the-larj-ni-is-branches-form-a-large-mesh-importance-from-their-connection-with-the-interii-mial-cavity-tin-i-la-and-from-the-fact-that-they-relt-i-n-frequently-single-the-vein-of-an-tab-2-the-scalp-27-region-and-usually-empties-into-the-angular-vein-the-angular-vein-communicates-with-theophthalmic-vein-and-through-it-with-the-cavernous-sinus-it-thus-favors-the-extension-of-infectionfrom-the-face-or-orbit-to-the-interior-part-2AJ9W1M.jpg "Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . I sscss additional rotid. Th(gupward throi U^a.] iugh the supra- foramen to reach tht Veins.—Only the larj ni is branches form a large-mesh importance from their connection with the interii mial cavity tin- i la and from the fact that they re< i n, frequently single (the vein of an Tab. 2. THE SCALP. 27 region and usually empties into the angular vein. [The angular vein communicates with theophthalmic vein and through it with the cavernous sinus; it thus favors the extension of infectionfrom the face or orbit to the interior, part Stock Photo")
RM2AJ9W1M–Atlas and text-book of topographic and applied anatomy . I sscss additional rotid. Th(gupward throi U^a.] iugh the supra- foramen to reach tht Veins.—Only the larj ni is branches form a large-mesh importance from their connection with the interii mial cavity tin- i la and from the fact that they re< i n, frequently single (the vein of an Tab. 2. THE SCALP. 27 region and usually empties into the angular vein. [The angular vein communicates with theophthalmic vein and through it with the cavernous sinus; it thus favors the extension of infectionfrom the face or orbit to the interior, part
RM2AG3WNA–. Tumours, innocent and malignant; their clinical characters and appropriate treatment. Fig. 241.—Median cei-vical fistula in a man aged 23 years. The fistula appearedwhen he was 3 years old. semble the thyroid gland. They occur in the neighbourhoodof the foramen caecum, between the genio-hyo-glossi muscles.Bernays has given a careful description of such a tumourwhich he removed from the tongue of a girl 17 years of age,and associated the tumour with the lingual duct {also Wolff,Warren, and Mcllraith). 2. Median cervical fistulae.—These openings occur singly,and open at some point in the middl
RM2AWFBX1–The Dental cosmos . (to the extent of five-eighths of an inch) the probe- ROOT-CANAL FILLING. 765 shank may be inserted. The chuck has a cone-socket shank whichmay be tightly screwed into any cone-socket handle, preferably a No. 1.Fig. 3 shows in section a pulpless superior incisor, into the canal ofwhich a probe is pushed until slight pain indicates the passage of theprobe barely through the foramen. The probe is then withdrawn one-sixteenth of an inch, and firmly fixed in the chuck so that the chuckend will stop against the end of the tooth when the end of the probeexactly reaches the forame
RM2AJ59YW–The morphology and evolutional significance of the pineal body : being part I of a contribution to the study of the epiphysis cerebri with an interpretation of the morphological, physiological and clinical evidence . 42 £7 -20 Fig. 41 Mesial view of forebrain reconstruction of 51 mm. cat embryo X 50.The unshaded area shows the cut surfaces of the reconstruction, according toTilney, 1915. 2, chiasmatic process; 4, chiasm; 5, corpus interpedunculare; 7, epiphysis; 9,foramen of Monro; 11, infundibular stem; 13, infundibular process; 20, laminaterminalis; 27, mammillary body; 32, post-chiasmatic e
RM2AFNT39–. Annual report of the regents of the university of the state of New York on the condition of the State Cabinet of Natural History and the historical and antiquarian collection annexed thereto. ?-^. Fig. 1. Retzia vera, Hall. Specimen natural size, showing the area and character of sur-face. Fig. 2. An enlarged figure of the upper part of R. verneuili, showing form and proportions ofthe area : /, foramen; a, area; w, the alation of the dorsal valve on each side ofthe umbo. The same feature is shown in the dorsal valve of figure 1. The slight butpositive alation of the ventral valve, adjacent t
RM2AWF5P7–A practical treatise on artificial crown- and bridge-work . t with the fluids of the mouth changes color. This changein color is largely the result of the evaporation of the water from the organicportion of the tooth. Now, if the apical foramen of such a tooth be clo-id. andthe tooth be then placed in water, or preferably) glycerin and water, in a Bhort time it will regain neatly it- original color, and at the same time it will be found that it has increased in weight. This means, of emir-, that the entire booth hasbed from the surface a certain quantity of the fluid, and this fluid baa pene-t
RM2AJAF77–Operative gynecology : . c, <y*. tp^Obt.int. 3P. op.ischium jfiST-OcL*}- Fig. 47.—The Interlacement of the Anterior Fibers of the Lavator Ani Muscle withthose of the internal sphincter muscle of the rectum. tuberosity of the ischium. Just inside the tuber ischii the fibers of the internal obturator muscle are seen arising from the inner surface of the obturator foramen and the adjacent pubic ramus and converging to the tendon, which passes out of the lesser sacro-sciatic foramen. The great sacro-sciatic ligament has been cut away in order to expose the levator ani muscle in its entirety.6*
RM2AM8H1B–Observations on certain parts of the animal oeconomy . cartilaginous part of the feptum narium. **** The cut edge, from w^hich the feptum has been feparated all round. D The furface of the common fkin, where it is lofl in the membrane of the nofe.E The upper lip. F Part of the alveolar procefs of the maxillary bone next the lymphyfis,G The roof of the mouth..H The bony palate.I The uvula, and palatum molle.K The upper part of the fauces,L The opening of the Euftachian tube.M The cuneiform procefs of the os occipitis.JsT The in fide of the cuneiform procefs, near the foramen inagmmrTse^ ^ cipit
RM2AWJAB9–The hydropathic encyclopedia : a system of hydropathy and hygiene in eight parts ..designed as a guide to families and students, and a text-book for physicians . its extremity bifur-cated. 5. Transverse pro-cess. 6. Vertebral foramen.7. Superior articular pro-cess. 8. Inferior articularprocess. The first cervical vertebra supports the head,from which circumstance it is called the atlas.It is a simple ring of bone, and moves laterally, aswell as forward and backward to some extent onthe second cervical, which is called the axis. The axil has a large body, and a strong, tooth-7 like process, cal
![. Journal of comparative neurology. DORSAL VENTRICULAR RIDGE 495. Fill, .i CMirysiMiiys Ilnl.ryo of 17 iiiiii. Medial view of a iiiodol of tlu rinlithemisphere. The narrowing of the interventricular foramen seems to havetaken place from above downward on account of the expansion of the hippo-campus and general jiallium. The white area labelled r.h., is the cut surface ofthcprimordium hippocam])! in the median plane. The thin portion of the medialhemis))here wall which will form the choroicF fissure and plexus is l)ounded hy awhite line. rig. 4 Same model as figure 3, with the thalanuis. hippoc Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AGEN3A/journal-of-comparative-neurology-dorsal-ventricular-ridge-495-fill-i-cmirysimiiys-ilnlryo-of-17-iiiiii-medial-view-of-a-iiiodol-of-tlu-rinlithemisphere-the-narrowing-of-the-interventricular-foramen-seems-to-havetaken-place-from-above-downward-on-account-of-the-expansion-of-the-hippo-campus-and-general-jiallium-the-white-area-labelled-rh-is-the-cut-surface-ofthcprimordium-hippocam-!-in-the-median-plane-the-thin-portion-of-the-medialhemishere-wall-which-will-form-the-choroicf-fissure-and-plexus-is-lounded-hy-awhite-line-rig-4-same-model-as-figure-3-with-the-thalanuis-hippoc-2AGEN3A.jpg ". Journal of comparative neurology. DORSAL VENTRICULAR RIDGE 495. Fill, .i CMirysiMiiys Ilnl.ryo of 17 iiiiii. Medial view of a iiiodol of tlu rinlithemisphere. The narrowing of the interventricular foramen seems to havetaken place from above downward on account of the expansion of the hippo-campus and general jiallium. The white area labelled r.h., is the cut surface ofthcprimordium hippocam])! in the median plane. The thin portion of the medialhemis))here wall which will form the choroicF fissure and plexus is l)ounded hy awhite line. rig. 4 Same model as figure 3, with the thalanuis. hippoc Stock Photo")
RM2AGEN3A–. Journal of comparative neurology. DORSAL VENTRICULAR RIDGE 495. Fill, .i CMirysiMiiys Ilnl.ryo of 17 iiiiii. Medial view of a iiiodol of tlu rinlithemisphere. The narrowing of the interventricular foramen seems to havetaken place from above downward on account of the expansion of the hippo-campus and general jiallium. The white area labelled r.h., is the cut surface ofthcprimordium hippocam])! in the median plane. The thin portion of the medialhemis))here wall which will form the choroicF fissure and plexus is l)ounded hy awhite line. rig. 4 Same model as figure 3, with the thalanuis. hippoc
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