RMRH5CDK–. Breviora. 1966 THE BRAIX OF THE EMU 27 ^^ ^^m^wti^^^. CEREBELLUM MOLECULAR LAYER PURKINJE CELLS GRANULAR LAYER MEDULLARY LAYER N. CEREBEL. LAT N VESTIB LAT FASC. LONG. POST N. OLIV. SUP N. NERV ABDUC. PONTINE GRAY Fig. VI. Serial section #Hi'Sl. Ciesyl Violet stain, magnification X 5.0.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. , Museum of Compar
RM2AWGME1–Human anatomy, including structure and development and practical considerations . Multipolar nerve-cells of various forms; .1, from spinal cord ; B. from cerebral cortex; C, from cerebellar cortex(Purkinje cell) ; ii, axone; r, ini|)lantation cone. the multipolar neurones of Golgis type II, whose axones almost immediatelyundergo elaborate branching within the gray matter to which they are confined.The Nerve-Fibres.—From the foregoing considerations it is evident that thenerve-fibres are not independent elements, but that all are the processes of neurones—either the axones of those that are pro
RM2AWJ5JR–A system of human anatomy, general and special . daries to those canals of about5}o of an inch in thickness. pies with other bones; they have an exterior dense, and an interiormore or less cellular. The bones of this class are, the temporal, sphe-noid, ethmoid, superior maxillary, inferior maxillary, palate, inferiorturbinated, hyoid, vertebras, sacrum, coccyx, carpal and tarsal bones,and sesamoid bones, including the patella?. Structure of Bone.—Bone is a dense, compact,and homogeneous substance (basis substance) filledwith minute cells (corpuscles of Purkinje), whichare scattered numerously
RM2ANETE2–The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . a small number of blood vessels. The cortex (see fig. 7) consists of a thin layer of grey materialforming an outer coat of somewhat varying thickness over the wholeexternal surface of the laminae of the organ. When examinedmicroscopically it is found to be made up of two layers, an outer molecular and an inner granular layer. Forming a layerlying at the junction of these two are a number of cells, the cellsof Purkinje, which constitute the most characteristic feature of thecerebellum. The bodies o
RM2AKGX1C–Textbook of normal histology: including an account of the development of the tissues and of the organs . hing of the protoplasmic extensions, which areoften very conspicuous, notwithstanding the numerous bifurcationsof the former. In some instances the axis-cylinder processes ofcells of this type split up into fibrils which enclose the bodies ofother nerve-cells within basket-like net-works; a notable ex-ample of this arrangement exists in the cerebellum around the cellsof Purkinje. 72 NORMAL HISTOLOGY. Fig The axis-cylinder processes usually are directed towards thenearest mass of white matte
RM2AG25G8–. Some apostles of physiology : being an account of their lives and labours, labours that have contributed to the advancement of the healing art as well as to the prevention of disease. X u in h. ( 99 ) It isnot to be imagined, however, that the whole of the credit is due to Schwann.Much had been done before his time by the English botanist, R. Brown, who discoveredthe nucleus in vegetable cells, in 1831; by Schleiden; by G. Valentin, who dis-covered the nucleolus in 1836 ; Henle, Purkinje, and many others, but the soil wasready, and Schwann grasped the situation at the psychological moment. H
RM2AKAPMF–Textbook of normal histology: including an account of the development of the tissues and of the organs . Section of human cerebellum : /J, white matter sending fibres into granule layer (G); O, outer ormolecular layer: P, cells of Purkinje, sending axis cylinder processes (.r) into granule layer andprotoplasmic processes towards periphery, n, small nerve cell of outer layer; v, blood-vessel frompia (p). ,0§ NORMAL HISTOLOGY. within the outer layer, while those of the larger cells divide withinthe granule layer ; in both cases, it will be remarked, the axis-cylinderprocesses terminate entirely
RM2AKAPXJ–Textbook of normal histology: including an account of the development of the tissues and of the organs . xaggerated for convenience), also limited to graymatter; c, cell of Purkinje. sending axis-cylinder into granule layer and richly-branched processestowards periphery ; e, similar cell seen in profile ; f, small nerve-cell of outer layer, limited to graymatter ; g, nerve-cell of outer layer, whose axis-cylinder process forms basket works (d, d) aroundbody of cells of Purkinje; at inner border of outer zone numerous horizontally ramifying branchesof nerve-fibres are seen. layer ; they differ
RM2AJ8T2K–The American journal of anatomy . i^^«»** p I 17.) PL ATI*: EXPLAXATIOX OF FKiUIfKS lo Pait of ;i false tendon from a beef heart. .1, injcctecl intorc(>lIular space.li, injected intercellular cleft. C, connective tissue. .1/. myocardium. Alallorysconnective stain. India iid-: injection. 14 Purkinje ccdls from left ventricle. /, peripheral Hhrils. ., nuclei. B.peripheral fibrils passinji from one cell to the other. DelafteUrs Ilaematoxylinstain. } Flat view of a terminal fasciculus in left ^•entl?i(de. I ])erifascicularsheath. ,1, outlines of the Piukinje cells as shown l>y Prussian l&
RM2CDFBDF–. Elements of physiological psychology; a treatise of the activities and nature of the mind, from the physical and experimental points of view . Fio. 47.—Purkinje Cell. (Starr, Strong and Learning.) 102 ELEMENTS OF THE NERVOUS STRUCTURE The gray matter contains neuroglia, nerve-cells and their den-drites, the terminations of axons which enter from the adjoiningwhite matter, and blood-vessels, which are present also, though inless abundance, in the white matter and in the nerves. That thislist exhausts the contents of the gray matter is regarded by someauthorities as improbable, in view of the
RM2CDFAB8–. Elements of physiological psychology; a treatise of the activities and nature of the mind, from the physical and experimental points of view . the axon of which branches at zk, about the body of a Purkinje cell. off stimuli. In case of the sensory fibres which have no dendrites—such as those of the dorsal roots of the cord, whose cells lie in thespinal ganglia—the peripheral termination of the axon in the sense-organ becomes the functional equivalent of the dendrites; i. e., itis the receptive part. In the usual type of cell in the centres, theimpulse seems to enter at the dendrites, to pass
RM2CDFAM3–. Elements of physiological psychology; a treatise of the activities and nature of the mind, from the physical and experimental points of view . nches of thesedendrites. The basket cells lie in the same region as thePurkinje dendrites; but their axons divide into several brancheseach of which splits up into a basket-like arrangement of finebranches around the cell-body of a cell of Purkinje. Thus onebasket cell appears to hold the reins on several cells of Purkinje.The cells with much branched axons seem to spread influences,similarly, over many granule cells. We certainly are far from afull c
RM2CEH34J–. Text-book of normal histology: including an account of the development of the tissues and of the organs. hing of the protoplasmic extensions, which areoften very conspicuous, notwithstanding the numerous bifurcationsof the former. In some instances the axis-cylinder processes ofcells of this type split up into fibrils which enclose the bodies ofother nerve-cells within basket-like net-works; a notable ex-ample of this arrangement exists in the cerebellum around the cellsof Purkinje. 72 NORMAL HISTOLOGY. Fig. 84. The a.xis-cylinder processes usually are directed towards thenearest mass of whi
RM2CER010–. Contributions from the Department of Neurology and the Laboratory of Neuropathology (reprints). Fig. 5. Longitudinal section from a case of Friedreichs ataxia (CaseI), taken from the low thoracic region and stained by the Bielschowskymethod. Whereas in the posterior part of the cohimns the axis cylindersare seen arranged longitudinally, here in the anterior part of the columnsof Goll the axis cylinders run in all directions. Compare with Fig. 6. 4i8 WILLIAM G. SPILLER The cells of Purkinje in the cereliellum by thionin are numer-ous and well stained, and in sections made by the Weigertmedull
RM2CDFB64–. Elements of physiological psychology; a treatise of the activities and nature of the mind, from the physical and experimental points of view . jdO-podium, and then .JJC W;l^CU^J^A^h-<?/ breaks up into branches, thus forming the dendrites.Some cells in the brain (asthe Purkinje and pyramidalcells) develop dendrites afterbirth. Most central cellshave only one axon (mon-axion); but in the externallayer of the cerebrum poly-axion cells are said to befound. Bipolar cells arefound in abundance in thedorsal root ganglia; and theperipheral sympathetic cellsare polyaxion. Wholly an-axion cells a
RM2CDX97T–. Kirkes' handbook of physiology . thits corpus dentatum; p, anterior pyramid. (Allen Thomson.) • specially mentioned Purkinjes cells and the basket cells. The cells of Pur-kinje lie along the internal margin of the layer, being, in fact, practicallyat the boundary of the molecular and granular layers. They measure 40 to 60 ,uin diameter, and have large, round nuclei. Each cell gives off an enormousnumber of branching dendrites, which run up toward the surface of the cere-bellum in the shape of a bush. The cells of Purkinje give off at their deeper surface an axone whichruns down into the whit
RM2CEFPG5–. Text-book of normal histology: including an account of the development of the tissues and of the organs. xaggerated for convenience), also limited to graymatter; c, cell of Purkinje. sending axis-cylinder into granule layer and richly-branched processestowards periphery ; e, similar cell seen in profile ; /, small nerve-cell of outer layer, limited to graymatter; g, nerve-cell of outer layer, whose axis-cylinder process forms basket-works (d, d!) aroundbody of cells of Purkinje; at inner border of outer zone numerous horizontally ramifying branchesof nerve-fibres are seen. layer ; they diffe
RM2CDX95H–. Kirkes' handbook of physiology . Fig. 394.—Transverse Section Through a Cerebellar Folium (after Kolliker). Treated by theGolgi method. P, Axone of cell of Purkinje; F, moss fibers; K and K, fibers from white core offolium ending in molecular layer in conection with the dendrites of the cells of Purkinje; M,simple cell of the molecular layer; GR, granule cell; GR1, axones of granule cells in molecular layercut transversely; M, basket cells; ZK, basket work around the cells of Purkinje; GL, neurogliacell; N, axone of an association cell. Stellate molecularlayer. Fig. 395.—A, Afferent fiber to
RMRHK96B–. Biology and its makers. Biology. THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF LIFE 267 were due to Dujardin, and, therefore, we must include him among the founders of modern biology. Purkinje.—The observations of the Bohemian investi- gator Purkinje (1787-1869) form a link in the chain of events leading up to the recognition of protoplasm. Athough Purkinje is especially remembered for other scientific contri-. Fig. 83.—Purkinje, 1787-1869. butions, he was the first to make use of the name protoplasm for living matter, by applying it to the formative substance within the eggs of animals and within the cells of the
RMRN7W9T–. The anatomy of the central nervous system of man and of vertebrates in general. Neuroanatomy; Central Nervous System. 104 ANATOMY OF THE CENTEAL NEEVOUS SYSTEM. anterior (external) lodges principally the dendrites from the posterior lamina. Jnst at the boundary of the two laminae lies a layer of large cells extra- ordinarily similar in all vertebrates,—the layer of Cells of Purkinje, and partly in the posterior or internal cerebellar lamina (granular layer). The small multipolar ganglion-cells which fill the internal lamina seem all to send up their neuraxons into the molecular or external l
RMRN7TAN–. The anatomy of the frog. Frogs -- Anatomy; Amphibians -- Anatomy. THE CEREBELLUM. 14à. The fibres of the second lawyer Fig. 102. course, for the most part, in an almost vertical plane ; they connect the cere^ bell am with the optic lobes i^procesms cerebelll ad corpora lAgemina^ and with other parts of the brain. The fibres of the fourth layer re- ceive numerous long" processes from the larg-e cells of Purkinje; they form a large commissural system, which can be followed ventrally on each side into the pars cowmissvralis. A part of the fibres ends here in the g'rey matter, a second por
RMREF3KX–. Compendium of histology. Histology. 228 TWENTY-SECOND LECTURE. The former, I to 0.5 mm. thick, has crowded and stratified granules, that is nucleus like structures or, more properly said, small cells ofo.0067 mm. They remind one of the sub- sequently to be described elements of the retina of the eye, and, like the latter, give off the finest filaments from both poles (Fig. 189, below). Whether these granules of the cerebellum are of a nervous or connective-tissue nature is still undecided. The gray stratum contains a simple layer of large remark- able ganglion cells. Purkinje described them
RMRH8NNP–. Brain and body of fish; a study of brain pattern in relation to hunting and feeding in fish. Fishes -- Anatomy; Nervous system -- Fishes; Brain. THE CENTRAL ACOUSTIC LOBE 59 PLATE 10.—Herring.. n: ^i^ '^^if^;m^ Three drawings of the acoustic lobe of Herring. Fig. I.—Commencement of lobe resting on the anterior end of somatic-sensory lobe. Fig. II.—A little anterior to Fig. I, the lobe is now partly surrounded by the crura cerebelli. Fig. III.— Shows the commencement of the cerebellum with the stratum granulosum surrounded by cells of Purkinje lying in the middle of st. moleculare. The acoust
RMRNA0C8–. The anatomical record. Anatomy; Anatomy. 370 JOHN M. TUFTS. •^ . Fig. 1 Drawing of a single cell teased out from a section of Purkinjc fiber taken from the papillary muscle in the left ventricle of a beef heart, stained with gentian violet. It shows the polygonal shape, granular cytoplasm with granula- tions more numerous at the periphery of the cell, nucleus and definite cell boundary. Fig. 2 Drawing of a single cell from the same preparation as figure 1. Two nuclei are seen with nucleoli. The cell has a definite cell boundary. Fig. 3 Drawing of a group of cells from a portion of a Purkinje
RMRHKKYC–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. in i. GCL ML EGL L-a-Aminoadlpic Acid Figure 1. (A) Fluorescence image of a cerebellar slice showing cells loaded with jura-? AM and excited mill 380 nm wavelength light. (B) Same slice as in A in llic presence of I he glutamate uptake inhibitor L- alpha-aminoadipic acid (I mM). 380 nm ligln excites fiira-2 in the unbound state, so decreases in fluorescence indicate rises in [Co'*],. Cell layers are labelled: Granule cell layer (GCL): Purkinje cell layer (PC): Molecular layer (ML): External germinal layer (EGL). (C) Pixel in
RMRCGD38–. Elements of histology. Histology. Fig. 90.—Prom a Vertical Section through, the Grey Matter of the Cerebellum of the Dog. pm, Pia mater; p, the ganglion cells of Purkinje; g, tbe nuclear layer ; /, the layer of nerve-fibres (white matter). (Atlas.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Klein, E. (Edward), 1844-1925. Philadelphia : H. C. Lea's Son
RMRCGWCT–. Elements of histology. Histology. Cerebrum and Cerebellum. 241 passes throu,<;li the uucle;ir layer oblkjuely, giving off collaterals which to some extent re-enter the molec- ular layer, then the axon passing fiom the nuclear layer enters the central white matter. There are also seen in the molecular layer other fairly conspicuous. Fig. 151.—Longitudinal Section of the Grey Substance of the Ceiebelliun. {After Kolliker.) The restricted branching of the cells of Purkinje (v) is seen. Tbe nuclear cells below are seen sending axons upwards inio the luoleciilar layer which divide dichotomousl
RMRCGWCW–. Elements of histology. Histology. 240 Elements of Histology. the direction of a lamina. Purkinje first, they are extensive dendritic ramification, viewed transversely, Considering the cells of seen to possess a very. '^jn iTa â ml Fig. 150.âScheme of the Connectiou of the Cells in the Superficial Grey Substance of the Cerebellum. (After KoUiker.) p, Xeuraxons of Purkinje's cells with collaterals : k, tendril-like fibres with k^ their terminations; gU glia cells; /, nio^s fibres; m, small cells of the molecular layer; vi^, larare cells of the same layer (basket cells) forming synapses roun
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